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Butler and William Hodos

By applying the tools of modern neuroanatomy to brain structure and function in various species, researchers have discovered that numerous cell groups and interconnections, known to be present in mammals, also exist in nonmammalian vertebrates. This book reveals how the brains of various vertebrates are astoundingly similar in some ways, while in others they are quite different. The authors examine how the form of the brain is modified and magnified to perfect and capitalize on a specific function, making any particular animal a "specialist" in its area. They also clarify the forms and functions of the nervous system that have allowed vertebrates to adapt to almost every aspect of the earth's environment.

Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation is a long-awaited text that creates numerous educational possibilities...

"This work is virtually unique in the field and would definitely fill a void... an incredible tour de force..." --Thomas E. Finger University of Colorado Health Sciences Center

"This work is a comprehensive, readable review and synthesis of the latest concepts and knowledge about the diverse outcomes of vertebrate evolution." --Wally Welker University of Wisconsin-Madison

"There is no other current publication remotely like it, in scope and certainly in expertise. It will be the only contemporary text in brain evolution, and in comparative neurology...The breadth of coverage is remarkable..." --John I. Johnson Michigan State University

"We have been waiting for a book like this for many years." --Peter Ekström Lund University

The authors, both recognized experts in the field, present their information in a clear, easy-to-follow format, presuming little prior knowledge of anatomy or biology beyond the college level. This conceptually detailed text is essential for undergraduate or graduate students in the neurosciences, preparing them for more specialized texts in neuroanatomy and brain evolution. It is also an ideal reference for physicians, an engaging synthesis of current knowledge of the form and function of the nervous system.

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• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• List of Boxes
• Part 1 Evolution And The Organization Of The Central Nervous System
• 1 Evolution and Variation
• 2 Neurons and Sensory Receptors
• 3 The Vertebrate Central Nervous System
• 4 Vertebrate Phylogeny and Diversity in Brain Organization
• 5 Evolution and Adaptation of the Brain, Behavior, and Intelligence
• 6 Theories of Brain Evolution
• Part 2 The Spnial Cord And Hindbrain
• 7 Overview of Spinal Cord and Hindbrain
• 8 The Spinal Cord
• 9 Segmental Organization of the Head, Brain, and Cranial Nerves
• 10 Functional Organization of the Cranial Nerves
• 11 Sensory Cranial Nerves of the Brainstem
• 12 Motor Cranial Nerves
• 13 The Reticular Formation
• 14 The Cerebellum
• Part 3 The Midbrain
• 15 Overview of the Midbrain
• 16 Isthmus
• 17 Tegmentum and Tori
• 18 Optic Tectum
• Part Four The Forebrain: Diencephalon
• 19 Overview of the Forebrain
• 20 Pretectum. Accessory Optic System, and Migrated Posterior Tuberculum
• 21 Epithalamus
• 22 Dorsal Thalamus
• 23 The Visceral Brain: The Hypothalamus and the Autonomic Nervous System
• Part Five The Forebrain: Telencephalon
• 24 Basal Telencephalon
• 25 Nonlimbic Pallium
• 26 Visual Forebrain in Amniotes
• 27 Somatosensory and Motor Forebrain in Amniotes
• 28 Auditory and Vocal Forebrain Amniotes
• 29 Terminal Nerve and Olfactory Forebrain
• 30 Limbic Telencephalon
• Part Six Conclusion
• 31 Evolution of Brains: A Bilaterian View
• Appendix: Terms Used in Neuroanatomy
• Glossary
• Index

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"The Second Edition of this landmark text presents a broad survey of comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy at the introductory level, representing a unique contribution to the field of evolutionary neurobiology. It has been extensively revised and updated, with substantially improved figures and diagrams that are used generously throughout the text. Through analysis of the variation in brain structure and function between major groups of vertebrates, readers can gain insight into the evolutionary history of the nervous system." "Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy is geared to upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in neuroanatomy, but anyone interested in the anatomy of the nervous system and how it corresponds to the way that animals function in the world will find this text fascinating."--BOOK JACKET.

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CHOICE Review

Every student of the brain should own this book. It combines modern evolutionary techniques with a wealth of comparative information; the result is a tour de force featuring, in the final chapter (part 6), reconstruction of the hypothetical nervous system of the ancestors of chordates and vertebrates. Butler and Hodos start with the basics of evolutionary theory, vertebrate phylogeny, and a critique of the theories of brain evolution. They move to structural details related to function and evolution of the spinal cord; hind-, mid-, and forebrain are meticulously described and integrated. Although the anatomical illustrations suffer from the want of scale bars and the occasional need for more three-dimensional representations, these limitations are overcome by the capabilities of the text. The bulk and complexity of the material requires attention and care by the reader. Students may initially be overwhelmed, but they should stay the course--their reward will come in the form of the most complete understanding of the structure and evolution of the vertebrate nervous system currently available, including a section on the mechanisms (eight of them) by which the vertebrate brain has evolved. Highly recommended for all academic and professional readers. J. H. Long Jr. Vassar College