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Developed from the authors' highly successful annual imaging physics review course, this new Second Edition gives readers a clear, fundamental understanding of the theory and applications of physics in radiology, nuclear medicine, and radiobiology. The Essential Physics of Medical Imaging, Second Edition provides key coverage of the clinical implications of technical principles--making this book great for board review.

Highlights of this new edition include completely updated and expanded chapters and more than 960 illustrations. Major sections cover basic concepts, diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine, and radiation protection, dosimetry, and biology.

A Brandon-Hill recommended title.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Preface(p. xv)
• Acknowledgments(p. xvii)
• Foreword(p. xix)
• Section I Basic Concepts(p. 1)
• Chapter 1 Introduction to Medical Imaging(p. 3)
• 1.1 The Modalities(p. 4)
• 1.2 Image Properties(p. 13)
• Chapter 2 Radiation and the Atom(p. 17)
• 2.1 Radiation(p. 17)
• 2.2 Structure of the Atom(p. 21)
• Chapter 3 Interaction of Radiation with Matter(p. 31)
• 3.1 Particle Interactions(p. 31)
• 3.2 X- and Gamma Ray Interactions(p. 37)
• 3.3 Attenuation of X- and Gamma Rays(p. 45)
• 3.4 Absorption of Energy from X- and Gamma Rays(p. 52)
• 3.5 Imparted Energy, Equivalent Dose, and Effective Dose(p. 56)
• Chapter 4 Computers in Medical Imaging(p. 61)
• 4.1 Storage and Transfer of Data in Computers(p. 61)
• 4.2 Analog Data and Conversion between Analog and Digital Forms(p. 66)
• 4.3 Components and Operation of Computers(p. 70)
• 4.4 Performance of Computer Systems(p. 78)
• 4.5 Computer Software(p. 79)
• 4.6 Storage, Processing, and Display of Digital Images(p. 82)
• Section II Diagnostic Radiology(p. 95)
• Chapter 5 X-ray Production, X-ray Tubes, and Generators(p. 97)
• 5.1 Production of X-rays(p. 97)
• 5.2 X-ray Tubes(p. 102)
• 5.3 X-ray Tube Insert, Tube Housing, Filtration, and Collimation(p. 113)
• 5.4 X-ray Generator Function and Components(p. 116)
• 5.5 X-ray Generator Circuit Designs(p. 124)
• 5.6 Timing the X-ray Exposure in Radiography(p. 132)
• 5.7 Factors Affecting X-ray Emission(p. 135)
• 5.8 Power Ratings and Heat Loading(p. 137)
• 5.9 X-ray Exposure Rating Charts(p. 140)
• Chapter 6 Screen-Film Radiography(p. 145)
• 6.1 Projection Radiography(p. 145)
• 6.2 Basic Geometric Principles(p. 146)
• 6.3 The Screen-Film Cassette(p. 148)
• 6.4 Characteristics of Screens(p. 149)
• 6.5 Characteristics of Film(p. 157)
• 6.6 The Screen-Film System(p. 163)
• 6.7 Contrast and Dose in Radiography(p. 164)
• 6.8 Scattered Radiation in Projection Radiography(p. 166)
• Chapter 7 Film Processing(p. 175)
• 7.1 Film Exposure(p. 175)
• 7.2 The Film Processor(p. 178)
• 7.3 Processor Artifacts(p. 181)
• 7.4 Other Considerations(p. 183)
• 7.5 Laser Cameras(p. 184)
• 7.6 Dry Processing(p. 184)
• 7.7 Processor Quality Assurance(p. 186)
• Chapter 8 Mammography(p. 191)
• 8.1 X-ray Tube Design(p. 194)
• 8.2 X-ray Generator and Phototimer System(p. 204)
• 8.3 Compression, Scattered Radiation, and Magnification(p. 207)
• 8.4 Screen-Film Cassettes and Film Processing(p. 212)
• 8.5 Ancillary Procedures(p. 219)
• 8.6 Radiation Dosimetry(p. 222)
• 8.7 Regulatory Requirements(p. 224)
• Chapter 9 Fluoroscopy(p. 231)
• 9.1 Functionality(p. 231)
• 9.2 Fluoroscopic Imaging Chain Components(p. 232)
• 9.3 Peripheral Equipment(p. 242)
• 9.4 Fluoroscopy Modes of Operation(p. 244)
• 9.5 Automatic Brightness Control (ABC)(p. 246)
• 9.6 Image Quality(p. 248)
• 9.7 Fluoroscopy Suites(p. 249)
• 9.8 Radiation Dose(p. 251)
• Chapter 10 Image Quality(p. 255)
• 10.1 Contrast(p. 255)
• 10.2 Spatial Resolution(p. 263)
• 10.3 Noise(p. 273)
• 10.4 Detective Quantum Efficiency (DQE)(p. 283)
• 10.5 Sampling and Aliasing in Digital Images(p. 283)
• 10.6 Contrast-Detail Curves(p. 287)
• 10.7 Receiver Operating Characteristics Curves(p. 288)
• Chapter 11 Digital Radiography(p. 293)
• 11.1 Computed Radiography(p. 293)
• 11.2 Charged-Coupled Devices (CCDs)(p. 297)
• 11.3 Flat Panel Detectors(p. 300)
• 11.4 Digital Mammography(p. 304)
• 11.5 Digital versus Analog Processes(p. 307)
• 11.6 Implementation(p. 307)
• 11.7 Patient Dose Considerations(p. 308)
• 11.8 Hard Copy versus Soft Copy Display(p. 308)
• 11.9 Digital Image Processing(p. 309)
• 11.10 Contrast versus Spatial Resolution in Digital Imaging(p. 315)
• Chapter 12 Adjuncts to Radiology(p. 317)
• 12.1 Geometric Tomography(p. 317)
• 12.2 Digital Tomosynthesis(p. 320)
• 12.3 Temporal Subtraction(p. 321)
• 12.4 Dual-Energy Subtraction(p. 323)
• Chapter 13 Computed Tomography(p. 327)
• 13.1 Basic Principles(p. 327)
• 13.2 Geometry and Historical Development(p. 331)
• 13.3 Detectors and Detector Arrays(p. 339)
• 13.4 Details of Acquisition(p. 342)
• 13.5 Tomographic Reconstruction(p. 346)
• 13.6 Digital Image Display(p. 358)
• 13.7 Radiation Dose(p. 362)
• 13.8 Image Quality(p. 367)
• 13.9 Artifacts(p. 369)
• Chapter 14 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(p. 373)
• 14.1 Magnetization Properties(p. 373)
• 14.2 Generation and Detection of the Magnetic Resonance Signal(p. 381)
• 14.3 Pulse Sequences(p. 391)
• 14.4 Spin Echo(p. 391)
• 14.5 Inversion Recovery(p. 399)
• 14.6 Gradient Recalled Echo(p. 403)
• 14.7 Signal from Flow(p. 408)
• 14.8 Perfusion and Diffusion Contrast(p. 409)
• 14.9 Magnetization Transfer Contrast(p. 411)
• Chapter 15 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)(p. 415)
• 15.1 Localization of the MR Signal(p. 415)
• 15.2 k-space Data Acquisition and Image Reconstruction(p. 426)
• 15.3 Three-Dimensional Fourier Transform Image Acquisition(p. 438)
• 15.4 Image Characteristics(p. 439)
• 15.5 Angiography and Magnetization Transfer Contrast(p. 442)
• 15.6 Artifacts(p. 447)
• 15.7 Instrumentation(p. 458)
• 15.8 Safety and Bioeffects(p. 465)
• Chapter 16 Ultrasound(p. 469)
• 16.1 Characteristics of Sound(p. 470)
• 16.2 Interactions of Ultrasound with Matter(p. 476)
• 16.3 Transducers(p. 483)
• 16.4 Beam Properties(p. 490)
• 16.5 Image Data Acquisition(p. 501)
• 16.6 Two-Dimensional Image Display and Storage(p. 510)
• 16.7 Miscellaneous Issues(p. 516)
• 16.8 Image Quality and Artifacts(p. 524)
• 16.9 Doppler Ultrasound(p. 531)
• 16.10 System Performance and Quality Assurance(p. 544)
• 16.11 Acoustic Power and Bioeffects(p. 548)
• Chapter 17 Computer Networks, PACS, and Teleradiology(p. 555)
• 17.1 Computer Networks(p. 555)
• 17.2 PACS and Teleradiology(p. 565)
• Section III Nuclear Medicine(p. 587)
• Chapter 18 Radioactivity and Nuclear Transformation(p. 589)
• 18.1 Radionuclide Decay Terms and Relationships(p. 589)
• 18.2 Nuclear Transformation(p. 593)
• Chapter 19 Radionuclide Production and Radiopharmaceuticals(p. 603)
• 19.1 Radionuclide Production(p. 603)
• 19.2 Radiopharmaceuticals(p. 617)
• 19.3 Regulatory Issues(p. 624)
• Chapter 20 Radiation Detection and Measurement(p. 627)
• 20.1 Types of Detectors(p. 627)
• 20.2 Gas-Filled Detectors(p. 632)
• 20.3 Scintillation Detectors(p. 636)
• 20.4 Semiconductor Detectors(p. 641)
• 20.5 Pulse Height Spectroscopy(p. 644)
• 20.6 Non-Imaging Detector Applications(p. 654)
• 20.7 Counting Statistics(p. 661)
• Chapter 21 Nuclear Imaging--The Scintillation Camera(p. 669)
• 21.1 Planar Nuclear Imaging: The Anger Scintillation Camera(p. 670)
• 21.2 Computers in Nuclear Imaging(p. 695)
• Chapter 22 Nuclear Imaging--Emission Tomography(p. 703)
• 22.1 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)(p. 704)
• 22.2 Positron Emission Tomography (PET)(p. 719)
• Section IV Radiation Protection, Dosimetry, and Biology(p. 737)
• Chapter 23 Radiation Protection(p. 739)
• 23.1 Sources of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation(p. 739)
• 23.2 Personnel Dosimetry(p. 747)
• 23.3 Radiation Detection Equipment in Radiation Safety(p. 753)
• 23.4 Radiation Protection and Exposure Control(p. 755)
• 23.5 Regulatory Agencies and Radiation Exposure Limits(p. 788)
• Chapter 24 Radiation Dosimetry of the Patient(p. 795)
• 24.1 X-ray Dosimetry(p. 800)
• 24.2 Radiopharmaceutical Dosimetry: The MIRD Method(p. 805)
• Chapter 25 Radiation Biology(p. 813)
• 25.1 Interaction of Radiation with Tissue(p. 814)
• 25.2 Cellular Radiobiology(p. 818)
• 25.3 Response of Organ Systems to Radiation(p. 827)
• 25.4 Acute Radiation Syndrome(p. 831)
• 25.5 Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesis(p. 838)
• 25.6 Hereditary Effects of Radiation Exposure(p. 851)
• 25.7 Radiation Effects In Utero(p. 853)
• Section V Appendices(p. 863)
• Appendix A Fundamental Principles of Physics(p. 865)
• A.1 Physical Laws, Quantities, and Units(p. 865)
• A.2 Classical Physics(p. 867)
• A.3 Electricity and Magnetism(p. 868)
• Appendix B Physical Constants, Prefixes, Geometry, Conversion Factors, and Radiologic Data(p. 883)
• B.1 Physical Constants, Prefixes, and Geometry(p. 883)
• B.2 Conversion Factors(p. 884)
• B.3 Radiological Data for Elements 1 through 100(p. 885)
• Appendix C Mass Attenuation Coefficients and Spectra Data Tables(p. 887)
• C.1 Mass Attenuation Coefficients for Selected Elements(p. 887)
• C.2 Mass Attenuation Coefficients for Selected Compounds(p. 889)
• C.3 Mass Energy Attenuation Coefficients for Selected Detector Compounds(p. 890)
• C.4 Mammography Spectra: Mo/Mo(p. 891)
• C.5 Mammography Spectra: Mo/Rh(p. 893)
• C.6 Mammography Spectra: Rh/Rh(p. 895)
• C.7 General Diagnostic Spectra: W/Al(p. 897)
• Appendix D Radiopharmaceutical Characteristics and Dosimetry(p. 899)
• D.1 Route of administration, localization, clinical utility, and other characteristics of commonly used radiopharmaceuticals(p. 900)
• D.2 Typical administered adult activity, highest organ dose, gonadal dose, and adult effective dose for commonly used radiopharmaceuticals(p. 908)
• D.3 Effective doses per unit activity administered to patients age 15, 10, 5, and 1 year for commonly used diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals(p. 910)
• D.4 Absorbed dose estimates to the embryo/fetus per unit activity administered to the mother for commonly used radiopharmaceuticals(p. 911)
• Appendix E Internet Resources(p. 913)
• Subject Index(p. 915)