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The detrimental effects of imprisonment have been documented and accepted in most western countries. As a result, alternatives to incarceration have been sought in the effort to reform the penal system. Although during the last thirty years several Nordic official committees have recommended a reduction in the use of jail sentences and an increase in other forms of punishment (i.e. fines and probation) in the hope of decreasing crime and rehabilitating criminals, incarceration rates have been going up in Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. Still, the interest in alternatives to imprisonment continues to grow, but few studies have actually been published that examine their effectiveness.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Foreword(p. xi)
• Preface(p. xiii)
• 1 Problems and Theories(p. 1)
• 2 The History of Non-Institutional Correction(p. 16)
• 3 The Legislator's Intentions(p. 27)
• 4 The Judge's Choice of Sanction(p. 41)
• 5 The Effects of Sanctions -- Recidivism and Prediction(p. 69)
• 6 Supervision -- Assistance or Control?(p. 104)
• 7 Institutional Treatment -- Punishment or Treatment?(p. 160)
• 8 The Law in Books and the Law in Practice(p. 187)
• 9 Lines of Development and Suggestions for Reform(p. 209)
• Appendix I Sampling and Methodology(p. 243)
• Appendix Ii Developments in the Use of Non-Custodial Sanctions(p. 253)
• Bibliography(p. 263)
• About the Book and Author(p. 279)

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CHOICE Review

In her detailed study of community corrections in Sweden, issued in the publisher's "Crime and Society" series, Bondeson (Univ. of Copenhagen) explores in comprehensive fashion three types of Swedish community penalties: conditional sentence, probation with regular supervision, and probation with a one-month confinement preceding community supervision. In most cases, unlike the understaffed probation services in the US, probation supervisors in Sweden are volunteers with caseloads of only one to five offenders. In nine tightly reasoned chapters interspersed with graphs and other statistical data, Bondeson explores the effects of Swedish legislation on all three types of community penalties, and she also details those factors that she concludes lie behind a sentencing judge's choice among sentencing alternatives. The author's research documents some interesting and, it might be said, controversial findings: namely, that probation supervisors and probationers perceived probation quite at odds with each other and that in spite of legislative attempts to improve the resocialization of the studied cohort, exactly the opposite was achieved. Two appendixes and a thorough bibliography are included. Graduate; professional. J. C. Watkins Jr.; University of Alabama