Descripciones mejoradas de Syndetics:

Intravenous (IV) Therapy is one of the most invasive procedures handled in the prehospital environment. Proficiency in IV therapy technique is important for most procedures required in advanced life support. Intravenous Therapy for Prehospital Providers prepares emergency medical personnel for the job of administering or assisting with the administration of IV therapy. This book is part of the EMS Continuing Education Series.Written to teach prehospital professionals about IV therapy, important topics covered include principles of fluid balance, IV techniques and administration, infection control, causes and treatment of shock, and altered level of consciousness. A section on practice calculations explains step-by-step how to calculate IV fluid dosage. Age-specific considerations (pediatric and geriatric) and legal issues are covered in their own chapters. The appendices include IV starts log sheets and patient report forms that can be used by IV administrators on the job.This book is part of the EMS Continuing Education Series. As an EMS provider, you know that your education does not stop when you finish your initial training. The things you learn in the field and in continuing education classes give you the extra skills and knowledge to make you the best provider you can be. The EMS Continuing Education Series was created to help you take that extra step toward not just being a great provider, but an outstanding one.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Chapter 1 Introduction to IV Therapy: Roles, Responsibilities, and Legal Issues(p. 1)
• EMS Ethics and Responsibilities(p. 2)
• Professionalism(p. 4)
• Leadership(p. 4)
• Acts Allowed(p. 4)
• Standard of Care(p. 5)
• Legal Issues for the EMT(p. 5)
• Negligence(p. 6)
• Malfeasance(p. 6)
• Nonfeasance(p. 6)
• Misfeasance(p. 6)
• Patient Refusals(p. 6)
• Advance Directives(p. 8)
• Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) Orders(p. 8)
• Durable Medical Power of Attorney(p. 9)
• Living Wills(p. 9)
• Wrap Up(p. 10)
• Chapter 2 Infection Control(p. 11)
• Body Substance Isolation(p. 11)
• Gloves(p. 11)
• Gowns(p. 13)
• Goggles(p. 13)
• Infectious Diseases(p. 13)
• HIV and AIDS(p. 13)
• Hepatitis(p. 14)
• Tuberculosis(p. 14)
• Tetanus(p. 15)
• Meningitis(p. 15)
• Personal Immunizations(p. 15)
• Disposal of Contaminated Items(p. 16)
• Wrap Up(p. 17)
• Chapter 3 Basic Cell Physiology(p. 18)
• Electrolytes(p. 19)
• Sodium(p. 19)
• Potassium(p. 19)
• Calcium(p. 20)
• Bicarbonate(p. 20)
• Chloride(p. 20)
• Phosphorus(p. 20)
• Fluid and Electrolyte Movement(p. 20)
• Diffusion(p. 21)
• Filtration(p. 21)
• Active Transport(p. 21)
• Osmosis(p. 22)
• Fluid Compartments(p. 23)
• Fluid Balance(p. 24)
• Wrap Up(p. 25)
• Chapter 4 Principles of Fluid Balance(p. 26)
• Internal Environment of the Cell(p. 26)
• Homeostasis(p. 27)
• Dehydration(p. 27)
• Overhydration(p. 27)
• Body Fluid Composition(p. 28)
• Acid/Base Balance(p. 28)
• Defining the Acidity of a Solution(p. 28)
• Ion Shifts(p. 29)
• Buffers(p. 29)
• The Circulating Bicarbonate Buffer Component(p. 30)
• The Respiratory Component(p. 30)
• The Renal Component(p. 31)
• Compensatory Mechanisms(p. 32)
• Clinical Presentations(p. 32)
• Respiratory Acidosis(p. 32)
• Respiratory Alkalosis(p. 33)
• Metabolic Acidosis(p. 34)
• Metabolic Alkalosis(p. 35)
• IV Fluid Composition(p. 36)
• Types of IV Solutions(p. 36)
• Isotonic Solutions(p. 36)
• Hypotonic Solutions(p. 37)
• Hypertonic Solutions(p. 37)
• Crystalloid Solutions(p. 38)
• Colloid Solutions(p. 38)
• Blood(p. 38)
• Nonformed Elements(p. 38)
• Formed Elements(p. 39)
• Thrombocytes (Platelets)(p. 39)
• Blood Types(p. 40)
• Rh Factor(p. 41)
• Fluid Measurements(p. 41)
• Blood Transfusion Complications(p. 42)
• Wrap Up(p. 43)
• Chapter 5 Causes and Treatment of Shock(p. 44)
• Causes of Shock(p. 44)
• Recognition of Shock(p. 45)
• Vital Signs(p. 46)
• Stages of Shock(p. 46)
• Compensated Stage(p. 47)
• Progressive Stage(p. 47)
• Irreversible Stage(p. 47)
• Types of Shock(p. 47)
• Hypovolemic Shock(p. 48)
• Actual Hypovolemia(p. 48)
• Hemorrhagic Shock(p. 48)
• Perceived Hypovolemia(p. 49)
• Neurogenic Shock(p. 50)
• Septic Shock(p. 50)
• Anaphylactic Shock(p. 50)
• Obstructive Shock(p. 51)
• Cardiogenic Shock(p. 52)
• Assessment of Shock(p. 52)
• Airway (A)(p. 53)
• Breathing (B)(p. 53)
• Circulation (C)(p. 53)
• Further Assessment: Disability and Exposure(p. 54)
• Treatment of Shock(p. 54)
• External Hemorrhage--Actual Hypovolemias(p. 55)
• Internal Hemorrhage--Actual Hypovolemias(p. 55)
• Nonhemorrhagic Shock--Perceived Hypovolemias(p. 55)
• Wrap Up(p. 58)
• Chapter 6 Altered Level of Consciousness(p. 59)
• Alcohol(p. 59)
• Alcohol-Induced Ketoacidosis(p. 60)
• Acute Poisoning from Other Forms of Alcohol and Drugs(p. 61)
• Epilepsy(p. 61)
• Insulin(p. 62)
• Hypoglycemia(p. 63)
• Treatment of Hypoglycemia: Dextrose 50% (D[subscript 50])(p. 63)
• Description and Indications(p. 64)
• Precautions(p. 64)
• Dosage(p. 64)
• Administration(p. 64)
• Hyperglycemia(p. 66)
• Overdoses(p. 66)
• Overdose Management(p. 67)
• Uremia(p. 68)
• Toxins/Trauma(p. 69)
• Toxins(p. 69)
• Trauma(p. 70)
• Closed Head Injury(p. 70)
• Infection(p. 71)
• Psychologic Disorders(p. 72)
• Shock/Stroke(p. 72)
• Patient Assessment and Treatment(p. 73)
• Wrap Up(p. 75)
• Chapter 7 Intravenous Techniques and Administration(p. 76)
• Assembling Your Equipment(p. 76)
• Choosing an IV Solution(p. 76)
• Choosing an Administration Set(p. 78)
• Preparing an Administration Set(p. 78)
• Choosing an IV Site(p. 80)
• Choosing a Catheter(p. 81)
• The Four Rights(p. 83)
• Inserting the IV Catheter(p. 83)
• Drawing Blood(p. 84)
• Securing the Line(p. 85)
• Discontinuing the IV Line(p. 86)
• Calculations(p. 86)
• Dimensional Analysis(p. 86)
• Dosage(p. 86)
• Drip Rates(p. 87)
• Drops per Minute(p. 88)
• Weight-Based Dosage(p. 88)
• Alternative IV Sites and Techniques(p. 89)
• Possible Complications of IV Therapy(p. 90)
• Local IV Site Reactions(p. 90)
• Infiltration(p. 91)
• Phlebitis(p. 91)
• Occlusion(p. 91)
• Vein Irritation(p. 93)
• Hematoma(p. 93)
• Nerve, Tendon, or Ligament Damage(p. 94)
• Systemic Complications(p. 94)
• Allergic Reactions(p. 94)
• Air Embolus(p. 94)
• Catheter Shear(p. 95)
• Circulatory Overload(p. 95)
• Vasovagal Reactions(p. 95)
• Troubleshooting(p. 96)
• Wrap Up(p. 97)
• Chapter 8 Age-Specific Considerations(p. 98)
• Pediatric Patients(p. 98)
• Pediatric Patient Assessment(p. 100)
• The Pediatric Trauma Patient(p. 101)
• Pediatric Trauma Assessment(p. 103)
• The Pediatric Shock Patient(p. 103)
• Pediatric Septic Shock(p. 104)
• Pediatric Hypovolemic Shock(p. 104)
• Pediatric Hemorrhagic Shock(p. 105)
• The Pediatric Medical Patient(p. 105)
• Meningitis(p. 105)
• Fever(p. 106)
• Poisonings(p. 106)
• Pediatric IV Therapy(p. 107)
• Catheters(p. 107)
• Volutrol IV Sets(p. 108)
• IV Locations(p. 108)
• Pediatric IV Dextrose(p. 108)
• Geriatric Patients(p. 109)
• Assessment of the Geriatric Patient(p. 109)
• Legal Issues(p. 109)
• Personal Issues(p. 109)
• Medications(p. 109)
• The Geriatric Trauma Patient(p. 110)
• Shock in the Geriatric Patient(p. 110)
• Geriatric Septic Shock(p. 110)
• Geriatric Hypovolemic Shock(p. 110)
• Geriatric Hemorrhagic Shock(p. 111)
• The Geriatric Medical Patient(p. 111)
• IV Therapy in the Geriatric Patient(p. 112)
• Catheters(p. 112)
• IV Sets(p. 112)
• Locations(p. 112)
• Wrap Up(p. 113)
• Appendix A Review Questions: Major Concepts(p. 114)
• Appendix B Solutions to IV Calculations(p. 115)
• Appendix C Sample Protocol(p. 117)
• Appendix D Skills Sheets and Patient Report Forms(p. 123)
• Appendix E IV Skills Check-Off Sheet(p. 135)
• Appendix F IV Starts Log Sheet(p. 138)
• Glossary(p. 139)
• Index(p. 148)