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Los Angeles County Crime Laboratory Director recognized for exceptional contribution to the field of Forensic Sciences

COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. -- The American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) today honored Los Angeles County Crime Laboratory Director Barry Fisher with its highest honor, the Gradwohl Medallion. Gradwohl Laureates are recognized for attaining exceptional distinction in advancing the forensic sciences and offering outstanding service to the profession and the professional society. Fisher was given the award at the 60th annual meeting of AAFS in Washington, D.C.

Barry Fisher has worked in the field of criminalistics with the Los Angeles County Sherriff's crime lab since 1969, serving as the Crime Laboratory Director since 1987. He is an accomplished author, frequent speaker and past-president of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences and the International Association of Forensic Sciences.

"I can't think of anyone more deserving of this honor than Barry Fisher, whose dedication and countless contributions have furthered the cause of forensic sciences," said Dr. Bruce Goldberger, president, American Academy of Forensic Sciences. "Barry represents exactly what this organization was developed to promote -- furthering the application of and appreciation for the forensic sciences."

The Gradwohl Medallion is named for one of the founding members of AAFS, R.B.H. Gradwohl, who gave the welcoming address at the first annual meeting of the society in 1948. Sixty years later, the American Academy of Forensic Sciences continues to serve Dr. Gradwohl's vision of generating confidence and the respect of forensic sciences in the U.S. and abroad. Gradwohl Laureates are not named regularly, but rather, only when recognizing an individual of exceptional caliber. Since the award was established in 1974, only 10 other professionals have been given the honor.

-Barry Fisher is the author of "Techniques of Crime Scene Investigation", which should be on every CSI's bookshelf.

Techniques of Crime Scene Investigation, Sixth Edition examines concepts, field-tested techniques and procedures, and technical information concerning crime scene investigation. This comprehensive text has been widely adopted by police academies, community colleges, and universities. Three professional organizations--the International Association for Identification, the American Board of Criminalistics, and the Forensic Science Society--recommend this book as a text to prepare for their certification examinations.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Foreword(p. xiii)
• Preface(p. xv)
• The Author(p. xvii)
• Prologue(p. xxiii)
• 1 Introduction(p. 1)
• Identification and Individualization of Physical Evidence(p. 6)
• Collection and Preservation of Physical Evidence(p. 11)
• Important Considerations in Crime Scene Investigations(p. 16)
• Expert Witness Tips(p. 18)
• Teamwork(p. 20)
• 2 First Officer at the Crime Scene(p. 21)
• The First Officer at the Scene(p. 25)
• Recording the Time(p. 28)
• Entering the Scene Proper(p. 28)
• Protecting the Integrity of the Scene(p. 29)
• Injured Person on the Scene(p. 31)
• Dead Person on the Scene(p. 32)
• Summoning the Coroner(p. 32)
• Firearms and Ammunition on the Scene(p. 34)
• When a Suspect is Found at the Scene(p. 36)
• What to Do Until the Investigating Personnel Arrive(p. 37)
• The Continued Protection of the Scene(p. 38)
• 3 The Crime Scene Investigator(p. 41)
• Actual Examination of the Scene(p. 50)
• 4 Specialized Personnel at the Crime Scene(p. 55)
• Health and Safety Issues at Crime Scenes(p. 62)
• Chemical/Biological Terrorist Crime Scenes(p. 62)
• Health and Safety Considerations for Crime Scene Personnel(p. 67)
• Conclusion(p. 73)
• 5 Processing the Crime Scene(p. 75)
• Plan of Action(p. 75)
• Note Taking(p. 75)
• Crime Scene Search(p. 78)
• Crime Scene Photography(p. 82)
• Types of Cameras(p. 82)
• Admissibility of Photographs(p. 88)
• Videotape(p. 88)
• Sketching the Crime Scene(p. 89)
• Information Included in Crime Scene Sketches(p. 90)
• Equipment(p. 90)
• Types of Sketches(p. 90)
• Locating Objects in the Sketch(p. 91)
• Computer-Aided Design (CAD)(p. 92)
• Admissibility of Sketches(p. 92)
• Collection of Evidence(p. 92)
• 6 Establishing Identity(p. 99)
• Fingerprints and Palm Prints(p. 99)
• How Do Fingerprints Occur?(p. 100)
• Where to Look for Fingerprints(p. 100)
• Different Types of Fingerprints(p. 102)
• Fingerprint Developing Techniques(p. 104)
• Development with Powders(p. 105)
• Lasers and Alternative Light Sources(p. 111)
• Image Processing(p. 113)
• Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems(p. 113)
• Preservation of Fingerprints(p. 115)
• How Long Does a Fingerprint Remain on an Object?(p. 116)
• The Effect of Temperature Conditions on the Possibility of Developing Fingerprints(p. 117)
• Examination of Developed Fingerprints(p. 117)
• Palm Prints(p. 118)
• Packing Objects on Which Prints are Found(p. 118)
• Taking Fingerprints for Elimination(p. 118)
• Prints of Other Coverings(p. 122)
• Handwriting Examination(p. 123)
• Identification of Human Remains(p. 130)
• Taking of Fingerprints(p. 134)
• Photographing(p. 138)
• Marks of Trades or Occupations(p. 143)
• Making a Description(p. 143)
• The Deceased's Clothing(p. 145)
• Laundry Marks(p. 146)
• Watchmaker's Marks(p. 146)
• Jewelry(p. 147)
• Eyeglasses(p. 147)
• Teeth(p. 148)
• Facial Reconstruction(p. 150)
• Determination of Gender(p. 150)
• Determination of Age(p. 151)
• Length of Body(p. 152)
• Hair Color(p. 153)
• Blood Type(p. 153)
• Identification in Catastrophes(p. 153)
• 7 Trace Evidence and Miscellaneous Material(p. 161)
• Source of Trace Evidence(p. 161)
• Clothing(p. 161)
• Footwear(p. 163)
• Evidence from the Body(p. 165)
• Trace Metal Detection(p. 165)
• Other Objects as Sources of Trace Evidence(p. 166)
• Collection and Preservation of Trace Evidence(p. 168)
• Examples of Trace Evidence(p. 169)
• Building Materials(p. 169)
• Asbestos(p. 171)
• Safe Insulation(p. 171)
• Paint(p. 171)
• Rust(p. 173)
• Metals(p. 173)
• Textiles and Fibers(p. 177)
• Buttons(p. 180)
• Cordage and Rope(p. 180)
• Cigarettes and Tobacco(p. 182)
• Matches(p. 185)
• Burned Paper(p. 186)
• Ash(p. 187)
• Soil(p. 187)
• Wood(p. 188)
• Plant Material(p. 191)
• Glass(p. 191)
• Objects Left at the Crime Scene(p. 198)
• Paper(p. 200)
• Articles of Clothing(p. 200)
• Product Markings(p. 200)
• Foodstuffs(p. 201)
• Cosmetics(p. 201)
• Hair(p. 201)
• Feathers(p. 205)
• Electrical Wire(p. 205)
• Broken Tools(p. 206)
• Tape(p. 206)
• Headlamps(p. 208)
• Computer Seizure(p. 208)
• Collecting Videotape Evidence(p. 211)
• Determine if There is a Videotape(p. 211)
• Stop the Recorder!(p. 211)
• Confiscate the Tapes Immediately, Taking the Usual Chain-of-Evidence Steps(p. 212)
• Document the Video System's Physical Relationship to the Crime Scene(p. 212)
• Seek Technical Assistance if Problems Occur(p. 213)
• Other Trace Evidence(p. 214)
• 8 Blood and Other Biological Evidence(p. 217)
• A Word of Caution(p. 217)
• Blood Spatter Pattern Recognition(p. 218)
• Presumptive Tests for Blood(p. 223)
• Searching for Bloodstains(p. 224)
• Description and Recording of Bloodstains(p. 226)
• Collection and Preservation of Bloodstains(p. 226)
• Removal of Bloodstains(p. 227)
• Bloodstained Objects(p. 228)
• Blood Typing(p. 229)
• Collection of Known Specimens(p. 229)
• Forensic DNA Typing(p. 230)
• RFLP-Based Technology(p. 232)
• PCR-Based Technology(p. 233)
• Mitochondrial DNA(p. 234)
• CODIS(p. 235)
• Forensic DNA and Unsolved Cases(p. 236)
• SWGDAM(p. 237)
• The Future(p. 239)
• 9 Impression Evidence(p. 241)
• Footprints(p. 250)
• The Value of Footprints(p. 251)
• Preservation of Footwear and Tire Impressions(p. 252)
• Footprints on Floors(p. 252)
• Preservation of Footwear Evidence(p. 252)
• Photographing Footwear Impressions(p. 252)
• Casting with Dental Stone(p. 254)
• Casting Water-Filled Impressions(p. 254)
• Casting Impressions in Snow(p. 255)
• Preservation of Footprints (Dust Prints)(p. 256)
• Taking Comparison Footprints from a Suspect(p. 257)
• Comparison of Footprints(p. 259)
• Marks on Clothes and of Parts of the Body(p. 261)
• Fabric Marks(p. 261)
• Tooth Marks(p. 261)
• The Preservation of Bite Marks(p. 262)
• Casting Material for Bite Mark Evidence(p. 264)
• Human Skin(p. 264)
• Foods(p. 264)
• Tool Marks(p. 265)
• Preservation of Tool Marks(p. 265)
• Casting Tool Marks(p. 266)
• Trace Evidence on Tools(p. 268)
• Preserving a Tool(p. 272)
• Fragments of Tools(p. 273)
• Typed Documents(p. 274)
• 10 Firearms Examination(p. 277)
• Characteristics of Firearms(p. 277)
• Ammunition(p. 280)
• Firearms Evidence(p. 280)
• Gunshot Residue Analysis(p. 283)
• Collecting Firearms Evidence(p. 285)
• Handling of Firearms(p. 291)
• Cartridge Cases(p. 296)
• Bullets(p. 300)
• Marking Bullets(p. 300)
• Small Shot(p. 305)
• Test Firing(p. 307)
• Powder Pattern Examination(p. 307)
• DrugFire and IBIS(p. 308)
• 11 Arson and Exposives Evidence(p. 311)
• Physical Evidence(p. 314)
• Explosives(p. 320)
• Low Explosives(p. 321)
• High Explosives(p. 323)
• Blasting Agents(p. 326)
• Military Explosives(p. 326)
• Homemade Explosives(p. 327)
• Bomb Scene Investigation(p. 329)
• 12 Illicit Drugs and Toxicology(p. 337)
• Psychoactive Drugs(p. 337)
• Central Nervous System Depressants(p. 337)
• Central Nervous System Stimulants(p. 339)
• Hallucinogens(p. 339)
• Crime Scene Search(p. 344)
• Searching a Suspect(p. 344)
• Searching a Dwelling(p. 344)
• Searching a Vehicle(p. 346)
• Clandestine Drug Laboratories(p. 346)
• Collection and Preservation of Evidence(p. 349)
• Toxicology(p. 349)
• 13 Investigation of Sexual Assault and Domestic Abuse Crimes(p. 353)
• Rape(p. 353)
• Preliminary Interview(p. 353)
• Medical Examination(p. 354)
• Collection of Physical Evidence(p. 357)
• Date-Rape Drugs(p. 359)
• Other Sexual and Abusive Assaults(p. 361)
• Sexual Child Molestation and Incest(p. 361)
• Homosexual Sexual Assault(p. 362)
• Elder Abuse(p. 362)
• Conclusion(p. 368)
• 14 Burglary Investigation(p. 369)
• Points of Entry(p. 370)
• Entry Through Windows(p. 371)
• Entry Through Doors(p. 371)
• Entry Through Basement Windows and Skylights(p. 375)
• Entry Through Roofs(p. 375)
• Entry Through Walls(p. 375)
• Entry Through Floors(p. 377)
• Simulated Burglaries(p. 377)
• Detailed Examination of the Scene(p. 378)
• Safe Burglaries(p. 380)
• Safe Burglaries Using Explosives(p. 383)
• 15 Motor Vehicle Investigation(p. 387)
• Vehicle Theft(p. 388)
• Abandoned Vehicles(p. 394)
• Homicide in a Vehicle(p. 402)
• Hit-and-Run Investigation(p. 403)
• Marks from Vehicles(p. 408)
• Wheel Marks(p. 408)
• Skid Marks(p. 410)
• 16 Homicide Investigation(p. 411)
• Murder, Suicide, or Accident?(p. 412)
• Cause of Death(p. 412)
• Suicide(p. 413)
• Signs of Struggle(p. 417)
• Location of Weapon(p. 422)
• Examination of a Dead Body at the Crime Scene(p. 423)
• Murder(p. 425)
• Detailed Examination of the Scene of the Crime(p. 428)
• Outdoor Crime Scenes(p. 432)
• Discovering a Body Hidden at Another Location(p. 434)
• Investigation of a Greatly Altered Body or Skeleton(p. 435)
• The Scene of Discovery(p. 437)
• Outdoors(p. 438)
• Indoors(p. 441)
• Packing and Transporting(p. 442)
• Determining the Number of Individuals(p. 442)
• Examining Remains of Clothing and Other Objects(p. 443)
• Clothing(p. 443)
• Boots and Shoes(p. 444)
• Other Objects(p. 444)
• Estimating the Time of Death(p. 445)
• Postmortem Signs of Death(p. 445)
• Decomposition of the Body(p. 448)
• Action of Insects and Other Animals on a Dead Body(p. 449)
• Other Indications of Time of Death(p. 450)
• The Autopsy(p. 453)
• Injuries from External Mechanical Violence(p. 454)
• Injuries from Sharp External Violence(p. 456)
• Marks or Damage on Clothing(p. 459)
• Defense Injuries(p. 459)
• Firearm Injuries(p. 460)
• Bullet Injuries(p. 461)
• Close and Distant Shots(p. 463)
• Damage to Clothes from Shooting(p. 468)
• Modes of Death from Shooting(p. 468)
• Death by Suffocation(p. 471)
• Death from Electric Currents(p. 481)
• Violent Death in Fires(p. 482)
• Death by Freezing(p. 483)
• Death by Poisoning(p. 483)
• Rape-Homicide, Sexual Assault Related Murders(p. 488)
• Infanticide and Child Abuse(p. 489)
• Trunk Murder, Dismemberment of the Body(p. 491)
• Serial Murders(p. 493)
• Appendix(p. 503)
• Bibliography(p. 507)
• Index(p. 539)