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A comprehensive set of real-world environmental laboratory experiments

This complete summary of laboratory work presents a richly detailed set of classroom-tested experiments along with background information, safety and hazard notes, a list of chemicals and solutions needed, data collection sheets, and blank pages for compiling results and findings. This useful resource also:

Focuses on environmental, i.e., "dirty" samples Stresses critical concepts like analysis techniques and documentation Includes water, air, and sediment experiments Includes an interactive software package for pollutant fate and transport modeling exercises Functions as a student portfolio of documentation abilities Offers instructors actual samples of student work for troubleshooting, notes on each procedure, and procedures for solutions preparation.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• To The Instructor
• Part 1 Preliminary Exercises
• 1 How to Keep a Legally Defensible Laboratory Notebook
• 2 Statistical Analysis
• 3 Field Sampling Equipment for Environmental Samples
• Part 2 Experiments For Air Samples
• 4 Determination of Henry's Law Constants
• 5 Global Warming: Determining If a Gas Is Infrared Active
• 6 Monitoring the Presence of Hydrocarbons in Air around Gasoline Stations
• Part 3 Experiments For Water Samples
• 7 Determination of an Ion Balance for a Water Sample
• 8 Measuring the Concentration of Chlorinated Pesticides in Water Samples
• 9 Determination of Chloride, Bromide, and Fluoride in Water Samples
• 10 Analysis of Nickel Solutions by Ultraviolet Visible Spectrometry
• Part 4 Experiments For Hazardous Waste
• 11 Determination of the Composition of Unleaded Gasoline Using Gas Chromatography
• 12 Precipitation of Metals from Hazardous Waste
• 13 Determination of the Nitroaromatics in Synthetic Wastewater from a Munitions Plant
• 14 Determination of a Surrogate Toxic Metal in a Simulated Hazardous Waste Sample
• 15 Reduction of Substituted Nitrobenzenes by Anaerobic Humic Acid Solutions
• Part 5 Experiments For Sediment And Soil Samples
• 16 Soxhlet Extraction and Analysis of a Soil or Sediment Sample Contaminated with n-Pentadecane
• 17 Determination of a Clay-Water Distribution Coefficient for Copper
• Part 6 Wet Experiments
• 18 Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in Water Using the Winkler Method
• 19 Determination of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand of Sewage Influent
• 20 Determination of Inorganic and Organic Solids in Water Samples: Mass Balance Exercise
• 21 Determination of Alkalinity of Natural Waters
• 22 Determination of Hardness in a Water Sample
• Part 7 Fate And Transport Calculations
• 23 pC-pH Diagrams: Equilibrium Diagrams for Weak Acid and Base Systems
• 24 Fate and Transport of Pollutants in Rivers and Streams
• 25 Fate and Transport of Pollutants in Lake Systems
• 26 Fate and Transport of Pollutants in Groundwater Systems
• 27 Transport of Pollutants in the Atmosphere
• 28 Biochemical Oxygen Demand and the Dissolved Oxygen Sag Curve in a Stream: Streeter-Phelps Equation
• Appendix A Periodic Table
• Index

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CHOICE Review

Dunnivant (Whitman College) offers some very good experiments in this book; for instance, copper partition in clay minerals. The student CD-ROM was easy to enter and use. This reviewer was optimistic when no errors or misprints were found up to page 41; the 22 that appeared later were a disappointment. On page 145, "gradient" is used in several locations where only a solvent mixture is intended. Calculation of rainwater pH is marred by an error of units frequent among water chemists. In water chemistry, ppm (parts per million) is always designated by mass (milligrams solute per liter of water), but in air, ppm is always by volume (moles of solute per million mole of air, where one mole is 6.023 x 1023 molecules of the material). Many of the figures display too many insignificant figures, especially considering the book's otherwise useful emphasis on statistics. The "advanced study assignments" seemed quite weak, as did the FTIR experiment. The gasoline calibrations asked for five standards of seven compounds plus pure pentane in 36 gas chromatographic runs at 20 minutes each to equal 13 hours of instrument time for calibration alone. Any student required to carry out the number of Winkler titrations suggested herein would hate chemistry forever. ^BSumming Up: Not recommended. D. H. Stedman University of Denver

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

FRANK DUNNIVANT teaches at Whitman College after having worked for several labs such as Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, and the Swiss Federal Institute for Water and Waste Water Pollution. He has also taught at Clemson University and Hartwick College. He has extensive experience with practical applications, research, and writing on environmental engineering and analytical science.