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Essential biological psychology / Jim Barnes.

Por: Idioma: Español Detalles de publicación: Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, c2013.Edición: First editionDescripción: xxvi, 390 pages colour illustrations 24 cmISBN:
  • 9781847875402 (cloth)
  • 9781847875419 (paper)
Tema(s): Clasificación LoC:
  • QH308.2 .B376 2013
Contenidos:
PART ONE: NEURONS, NEUROTRANSMISSION AND COMMUNICATION How the Nervous System Is Organised Cells of the Nervous System The Neuron Neuroglial cells Information Exchange in the Nervous System The Resting Membrane Potential The Action Potential and Nerve Impulse Summation Effects Synaptic Transmission The Synaptic Vesicle Modulation of Synaptic Transmission Non-Synaptic Chemical Communication Post Synaptic Receptors and Receptors Types Neurotransmitters The Amino Acids Monoamines Acetylcholine Neuropeptides and Neuromodulators Soluble Gases PART TWO: NEUROANATOMY AND BRAIN MAPPING Anatomical terms of location Brodmann Areas Planes of Section The Central Nervous System Basic Brain Structure The Hindbrain The Midbrain The Forebrain Cerebral Cortex or Neocortex Ventricular System Spinal cord The Peripheral Nervous System Spinal Nerves Cranial Nerves The Autonomic Nervous System Brain Mapping Techniques Lesion Techniques Electrical Recording Structural Imaging Techniques Functional Imaging Techniques Neurochemical Techniques Behavioural Genetic Techniques Neuropsychological Techniques PART THREE: GENES AND EVOLUTION Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) DNA Replication Cell Division Mitosis Meiosis Protein Synthesis Pre-Initiation Complex and Promoters RNA Synthesis Transcription Regulation Translation Genetic Mutations Sex Cells Influence of the Environment on Gene Expression The Evolution of the Nervous System Diffuse Nervous Systems Centralised Nervous Systems - Cephalised Systems Centralised Nervous Systems - Compartmentalised Systems Centralised Nervous Systems - Complex Compartmentalised Nervous Systems The Vertebrate System The primitive state Encephalisation Dominance of the cerebrum PART FOUR: DEVELOPMENT AND PLASTICITY OF THE BRAIN The Emergence of the Nervous System Induction Proliferation Migration Aggregation Differentiation and Axon Growth Synaptogenesis Selective Cell Death Functional Validation Developmental Abnormalities Spina bifida Anencephaly Microcephaly Macrocephaly Down Syndrome Phenylketonuria (PKU) Fragile X syndrome Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) Neural Plasticity Effects of Visual Deprivation on Ocular Dominance The Critical Period Neuronal Regeneration Contralateral Sprouting Denervation Supersensitivity Reorganization of Sensory Representations Regenerating the Nervous System: cell transplantations PART FIVE: VISUAL SYSTEM The Eye The Retina Photoreceptors: the rods and cones Transduction of Visual Information Major types of Ganglion Cells Horizontal Cells Amacrine Cells Pathways of the Eye and Brain Analysis of Information: the visual cortex Dorsal and Ventral Streams Recognition of Objects Secondary Visual Cortex The Perception of Colour, Motion and Depth Colour Vision Motion Perception The Binding Problem Disorders of Object Perception Visual Agnosia Apperceptive Agnosia Associative Agnosia Blindsight Hemispatial Neglect PART SIX: NON-VISUAL SENSORY SYSTEMS Sensory Processing The Somatosenses Skin Receptors Spinal Cord Dermatone Somatosensory Pathways Conscious sensation Unconscious sensation Gate Theory of Pain Somatosensory Cortex Auditory System The Ear Transduction of Sound Wave to Nerve Signal The Neural Connections and the Pathway to Auditory Cortex Primary Auditory Cortex Detection of Frequency Perception of Amplitude Music Perception Hearing loss - Deafness Balance - The Vestibular System Chemical Senses Taste Olfaction PART SEVEN: MOTOR CONTROL AND MOVEMENT The Mechanics of Movement Control Striated or Skeletal Muscle Smooth Muscle and Cardiac Muscle Structure of Striated or Skeletal Muscle Tendon Organs Muscle Spindles Spinal Reflexes Renshaw Cells Gamma Motor System Movement Controlled by the Cortex Primary motor cortex(M1) Secondary motor cortex Posterior Parietal Cortex Motor Pathways Pathways Originating in Cortex Pathways Originating in Subcortex Cerebellum The Structure of the Cerebellum Inputs and outputs to the cerebellum The Cerebellum Circuits Basal Ganglia PART EIGHT: THE BIOPSYCHOLOGY OF MOTIVATION Motives Eating The Role of the Hypothalamus in Hunger and Satiety Paraventricular and Arcuate Nuclei Glucostatic Principle Ghrelin Environmental Factors of Eating The Lipostatic Theory Set Point Theory Genetics and Obesity Eating Disorders Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Drinking Dry Mouth Theory Osmostic Thirst Hypovolemic Thirst Reproductive Behaviour Development of the Reproductive Organs Sex Differences in the Brain Role of SDN in the management of male sexual behaviours PART NINE: SLEEP AND BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS Biological Rhythms The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) Influence of light-dark cycle How Much Sleep Do People Require? Measuring Sleep Sleep Stages REM Sleep Ponto-Geniculo-Occipital Waves or PGO Waves Sequences of NREM and REM Sleep Neural Mechanisms of Sleep Passive Sleep Theory Active Reticular Activation System Theory Hypothalamus Basal Forebrain Raphe Nucleus Theories Regarding Reasons for Sleep Evolutionary Theory of Sleep Repair and Restoration Theory of Sleep Information Consolidation Theory of Sleep Sleep Disorders Insomnia Sleep related breathing disorders: sleep apnea Hypersomnia: narcolepsy Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders Parasomnias PART TEN: BIOPSYCHOLOGY OF EMOTIONS, STRESS AND HEALTH Biopsychology of Emotions Darwin's Theory James Lange Theory Canon-Bard Theory Schachter-Singer Theory Sham Rage Anatomy of Emotions The Limbic system and the Papez circuit Hippocampus Amygdala Thalamus Hypothalamus Cingulate gyrus Ventral Tegmental Area Septum Prefrontal area Insula Cerebral Hemispheres and Emotion Emotions and Facial Expressions Primary and Secondary Facial Emotions Facial Feedback Hypothesis Duchenne Smile Fear, Attack and Escape Behaviours Attack Behaviours Heredity and Aggression Neurotransmitters and Hormones Testosterone Glucocorticoids Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Serotonin Stress and Health Theories Relating to Stress General adaptation model How the body reacts to stress The Immune System Psychoneuroimmunology (PIN) Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) PART ELEVEN: MEMORY, LEARNING AND AMNESIA Processing of Information Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Working Memory Long Term Memory Reinforcement Classic Conditioning Instrumental or Operant Conditioning Neural mechanisms of reinforcement Hebbian Theory Learning in Aplysia Brain Areas Involved in Memory The Hippocampus Second Messenger Systems and Memory The Cellular Basis of Memory: Long Term Potentiation Other Brain Structures Associated with Memory Disorders of Memory: amnesia Anterograde Amnesia Retrograde Amnesia Psychogenic or Functional amnesia Case Study 1: Clive Wearing Case Study 2: Henry Gustav Molaison PART TWELVE: LATERALISATION AND LANGUAGE Lateralisation of Brain Function Split-Brain Patients Language Involvement of the Right Hemisphere in Language Is Language Innate or Do We Learn It? Speech Production Broca Aphasia Speech Comprehension Wernicke's Aphasia The Wernicke-Geschwind model The Bilingual Brain Other Disorders of Speech Production Fluent Aphasias Non Fluent Aphasias Apraxia of Speech Verbal auditory agnosia Reading Writing Disorders of Reading and Writing Alexia and Agraphia Dysgraphia Dyslexia PART THIRTEEN: BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOUR DISORDERS Diagnosis of affective disorders Depression Major Depression Dysthymia Bipolar Disorders Cyclothymia Causes of Depression Genetics Neurochemistry and Depression Neuroanatomy of Depression The role of HPA system in depression Treatment of Depression Schizophrenia Course of schizophrenia The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia The NMDA and Glutamate Hypothesis of Schizophrenia Brain Damage and Schizophrenia Neurological Disorders The Neurological Examination Dementia: Alzheimer's Disease Classification of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment of Azheimer's Disease Neurotransmitters and the ACH Hypothesis APP and Amyloid Beta Hypothesis Tau Hypothesis Presenilins Apolipoprotein E Hypothesis Movement Disorder: Parkinson's Disease Signs and
Symptoms Assessment of Parkinson's Disease Causes of Parkinson's Disease Neural Structures Involved in Parkinson's Disease Motor circuit in Parkinson disease Management of Parkinson's Disease
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Descripciones mejoradas de Syndetics:

Drawing on the latest exciting research, Essential Biological Psychology provides students with a solid grasp of the relationship between mind and behaviour, and a detailed understanding of the underlying structure and physiological mechanisms that underpin it. The functions of the nervous system are explained and implications for health are explored. Throughout the book, Jim Barnes encourages students to evaluate essential concepts and theoretical issues.

Features include:

key concepts highlighted throughout the text enables students to grasp the fundamental knowledge and understanding of the structures and functions of the human nervous system that are relevant to the study of psychology the snapshot of key studies detailed in the textboxes allow critical evaluation of the role of physiology in human behaviour against a backdrop of up to date research clear explanations of the key methods in the text give students an appreciation of the contributions made by the different approaches and research methods that are used in biological psychology memory maps and diagrams within the text encourage learning and allow students to formulate memory aids to assist recall in exam conditions a companion website consists of PowerPoint lecture slides and a testbank for teachers (50 questions per chapter) as well as interactive self-assessment testbank for students (10 questions per chapter)

Includes bibliographical references (p. [348]-374) and indexes.

PART ONE: NEURONS, NEUROTRANSMISSION AND COMMUNICATION How the Nervous System Is Organised Cells of the Nervous System The Neuron Neuroglial cells Information Exchange in the Nervous System The Resting Membrane Potential The Action Potential and Nerve Impulse Summation Effects Synaptic Transmission The Synaptic Vesicle Modulation of Synaptic Transmission Non-Synaptic Chemical Communication Post Synaptic Receptors and Receptors Types Neurotransmitters The Amino Acids Monoamines Acetylcholine Neuropeptides and Neuromodulators Soluble Gases PART TWO: NEUROANATOMY AND BRAIN MAPPING Anatomical terms of location Brodmann Areas Planes of Section The Central Nervous System Basic Brain Structure The Hindbrain The Midbrain The Forebrain Cerebral Cortex or Neocortex Ventricular System Spinal cord The Peripheral Nervous System Spinal Nerves Cranial Nerves The Autonomic Nervous System Brain Mapping Techniques Lesion Techniques Electrical Recording Structural Imaging Techniques Functional Imaging Techniques Neurochemical Techniques Behavioural Genetic Techniques Neuropsychological Techniques PART THREE: GENES AND EVOLUTION Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) DNA Replication Cell Division Mitosis Meiosis Protein Synthesis Pre-Initiation Complex and Promoters RNA Synthesis Transcription Regulation Translation Genetic Mutations Sex Cells Influence of the Environment on Gene Expression The Evolution of the Nervous System Diffuse Nervous Systems Centralised Nervous Systems - Cephalised Systems Centralised Nervous Systems - Compartmentalised Systems Centralised Nervous Systems - Complex Compartmentalised Nervous Systems The Vertebrate System The primitive state Encephalisation Dominance of the cerebrum PART FOUR: DEVELOPMENT AND PLASTICITY OF THE BRAIN The Emergence of the Nervous System Induction Proliferation Migration Aggregation Differentiation and Axon Growth Synaptogenesis Selective Cell Death Functional Validation Developmental Abnormalities Spina bifida Anencephaly Microcephaly Macrocephaly Down Syndrome Phenylketonuria (PKU) Fragile X syndrome Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) Neural Plasticity Effects of Visual Deprivation on Ocular Dominance The Critical Period Neuronal Regeneration Contralateral Sprouting Denervation Supersensitivity Reorganization of Sensory Representations Regenerating the Nervous System: cell transplantations PART FIVE: VISUAL SYSTEM The Eye The Retina Photoreceptors: the rods and cones Transduction of Visual Information Major types of Ganglion Cells Horizontal Cells Amacrine Cells Pathways of the Eye and Brain Analysis of Information: the visual cortex Dorsal and Ventral Streams Recognition of Objects Secondary Visual Cortex The Perception of Colour, Motion and Depth Colour Vision Motion Perception The Binding Problem Disorders of Object Perception Visual Agnosia Apperceptive Agnosia Associative Agnosia Blindsight Hemispatial Neglect PART SIX: NON-VISUAL SENSORY SYSTEMS Sensory Processing The Somatosenses Skin Receptors Spinal Cord Dermatone Somatosensory Pathways Conscious sensation Unconscious sensation Gate Theory of Pain Somatosensory Cortex Auditory System The Ear Transduction of Sound Wave to Nerve Signal The Neural Connections and the Pathway to Auditory Cortex Primary Auditory Cortex Detection of Frequency Perception of Amplitude Music Perception Hearing loss - Deafness Balance - The Vestibular System Chemical Senses Taste Olfaction PART SEVEN: MOTOR CONTROL AND MOVEMENT The Mechanics of Movement Control Striated or Skeletal Muscle Smooth Muscle and Cardiac Muscle Structure of Striated or Skeletal Muscle Tendon Organs Muscle Spindles Spinal Reflexes Renshaw Cells Gamma Motor System Movement Controlled by the Cortex Primary motor cortex(M1) Secondary motor cortex Posterior Parietal Cortex Motor Pathways Pathways Originating in Cortex Pathways Originating in Subcortex Cerebellum The Structure of the Cerebellum Inputs and outputs to the cerebellum The Cerebellum Circuits Basal Ganglia PART EIGHT: THE BIOPSYCHOLOGY OF MOTIVATION Motives Eating The Role of the Hypothalamus in Hunger and Satiety Paraventricular and Arcuate Nuclei Glucostatic Principle Ghrelin Environmental Factors of Eating The Lipostatic Theory Set Point Theory Genetics and Obesity Eating Disorders Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Drinking Dry Mouth Theory Osmostic Thirst Hypovolemic Thirst Reproductive Behaviour Development of the Reproductive Organs Sex Differences in the Brain Role of SDN in the management of male sexual behaviours PART NINE: SLEEP AND BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS Biological Rhythms The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) Influence of light-dark cycle How Much Sleep Do People Require? Measuring Sleep Sleep Stages REM Sleep Ponto-Geniculo-Occipital Waves or PGO Waves Sequences of NREM and REM Sleep Neural Mechanisms of Sleep Passive Sleep Theory Active Reticular Activation System Theory Hypothalamus Basal Forebrain Raphe Nucleus Theories Regarding Reasons for Sleep Evolutionary Theory of Sleep Repair and Restoration Theory of Sleep Information Consolidation Theory of Sleep Sleep Disorders Insomnia Sleep related breathing disorders: sleep apnea Hypersomnia: narcolepsy Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders Parasomnias PART TEN: BIOPSYCHOLOGY OF EMOTIONS, STRESS AND HEALTH Biopsychology of Emotions Darwin's Theory James Lange Theory Canon-Bard Theory Schachter-Singer Theory Sham Rage Anatomy of Emotions The Limbic system and the Papez circuit Hippocampus Amygdala Thalamus Hypothalamus Cingulate gyrus Ventral Tegmental Area Septum Prefrontal area Insula Cerebral Hemispheres and Emotion Emotions and Facial Expressions Primary and Secondary Facial Emotions Facial Feedback Hypothesis Duchenne Smile Fear, Attack and Escape Behaviours Attack Behaviours Heredity and Aggression Neurotransmitters and Hormones Testosterone Glucocorticoids Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Serotonin Stress and Health Theories Relating to Stress General adaptation model How the body reacts to stress The Immune System Psychoneuroimmunology (PIN) Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) PART ELEVEN: MEMORY, LEARNING AND AMNESIA Processing of Information Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Working Memory Long Term Memory Reinforcement Classic Conditioning Instrumental or Operant Conditioning Neural mechanisms of reinforcement Hebbian Theory Learning in Aplysia Brain Areas Involved in Memory The Hippocampus Second Messenger Systems and Memory The Cellular Basis of Memory: Long Term Potentiation Other Brain Structures Associated with Memory Disorders of Memory: amnesia Anterograde Amnesia Retrograde Amnesia Psychogenic or Functional amnesia Case Study 1: Clive Wearing Case Study 2: Henry Gustav Molaison PART TWELVE: LATERALISATION AND LANGUAGE Lateralisation of Brain Function Split-Brain Patients Language Involvement of the Right Hemisphere in Language Is Language Innate or Do We Learn It? Speech Production Broca Aphasia Speech Comprehension Wernicke's Aphasia The Wernicke-Geschwind model The Bilingual Brain Other Disorders of Speech Production Fluent Aphasias Non Fluent Aphasias Apraxia of Speech Verbal auditory agnosia Reading Writing Disorders of Reading and Writing Alexia and Agraphia Dysgraphia Dyslexia PART THIRTEEN: BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOUR DISORDERS Diagnosis of affective disorders Depression Major Depression Dysthymia Bipolar Disorders Cyclothymia Causes of Depression Genetics Neurochemistry and Depression Neuroanatomy of Depression The role of HPA system in depression Treatment of Depression Schizophrenia Course of schizophrenia The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia The NMDA and Glutamate Hypothesis of Schizophrenia Brain Damage and Schizophrenia Neurological Disorders The Neurological Examination Dementia: Alzheimer's Disease Classification of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment of Azheimer's Disease Neurotransmitters and the ACH Hypothesis APP and Amyloid Beta Hypothesis Tau Hypothesis Presenilins Apolipoprotein E Hypothesis Movement Disorder: Parkinson's Disease Signs and

Symptoms Assessment of Parkinson's Disease Causes of Parkinson's Disease Neural Structures Involved in Parkinson's Disease Motor circuit in Parkinson disease Management of Parkinson's Disease

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

  • Neurons, Neurotransmission and Communication
  • How The Nervous System is Organised
  • Cells of the Nervous System
  • The Neuron
  • Neuron Structure
  • Inside the Neuron
  • Neuron Classification
  • Neuroglia Cells
  • Types of Glia cells
  • Astrocytes (CNS)
  • Oligodendrocytes (CNS)
  • Schwann Cells (PNS)
  • Microglia
  • Radial Glia cells
  • Glia Cells and Injury
  • Gliosis
  • Information Exchange in The Nervous System
  • The Resting Membrane Potential
  • The Action Potential and Nerve Impulse
  • Summation Effects
  • Synaptic Transmission
  • The Synaptic Vesicle
  • Modulation of Synaptic Transmission
  • Non-Synaptic chemical communication
  • Post Synaptic Receptors and Receptors Types
  • Neurotransmitters
  • Major Types of Neurotransmitters
  • The Amino Acids
  • GABA
  • Glycine
  • Glutamate (Glutamic Acid)
  • Aspartate
  • Monoamines
  • Serotonin
  • Melatonin
  • Noradrenaline
  • Dopamine
  • Acetylcholine
  • Neuropeptides and Neuromodulators
  • Soluble Gases
  • Summary
  • Neuroanatomy and Brain Mapping
  • Brodmann Areas
  • Planes of section
  • The Central Nervous System
  • Basic Brain Structure
  • The Hindbrain
  • The Midbrain
  • The Forebrain
  • The Diencephalon
  • The Telencephalon
  • Cerebral Cortex or Neocortex
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Parietal Lobe
  • Temporal Lobe
  • Frontal Lobe
  • Ventricular System
  • Spinal cord
  • The Peripheral Nervous System
  • Spinal Nerves
  • Cranial Nerves
  • The Autonomic Nervous System
  • Sympathetic Nervous System
  • Parasympathetic Nervous System
  • Brain Mapping Techniques
  • Lesion Techniques
  • Recording and Imaging Techniques
  • Electrical Recording
  • Electroencephalography EEG
  • Magnetoencephalogram (MEG).
  • Structural Imaging Techniques
  • Computerised Tomography (CT)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Basic MRI scans
  • T1-weighted MRI: Spin-lattice relaxation time
  • T2-weighted MRI: Spin-spin relaxation time
  • Functional Imaging Techniques
  • Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
  • Functional Magnetic Imaging (fMRI)
  • Benefits of Using fMRI
  • The Downside of Using fMRI
  • Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
  • Neurochemical Techniques
  • Cerebral Dialysis
  • 2-Deoxyglucose Method
  • In Vivo Voltammetry
  • Behavioural Genetic Techniques
  • Twin and Adoption Studies
  • Neuropsychological Techniques
  • Summary
  • Genes and Evolution
  • Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
  • Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
  • DNA Replication
  • Cell Division
  • Mitosis
  • Meiosis
  • Protein Synthesis
  • Pre-initiation Complex and Promoters
  • RNA Synthesis
  • Initiation
  • Elongation
  • Termination
  • Transcription Regulation
  • Translation
  • Genetic mutations
  • Sex Cells
  • Turner's Syndrome
  • Klinefelter's Syndrome
  • Influence of the environment on gene expression.
  • Environmental influence - Dizygotic (Fraternal) twins
  • Environmental Influence - Monozygotic (Identical) Twins
  • Environmental Influence - What we can infer from twin studies
  • The Evolution of The Nervous System
  • Diffuse nervous systems
  • Centralised nervous systems - cephalised systems
  • Centralised nervous systems - compartmentalised systems
  • Centralised nervous systems - Complex compartmentalised nervous systems
  • The vertebrate system
  • The vertebrate system - The primitive state
  • The vertebrate system - Encephalisatio
  • The vertebrate system - Dominance of the cerebrum
  • Summary
  • Development and Plasticity of The Brain
  • The Emergence of The Nervous System
  • Induction
  • The Developing Brain
  • Spinal Cord Development
  • Proliferation
  • Migration
  • Aggregation
  • Differentiation and Axon Growth
  • Chemoaffinity theory
  • Blueprint hypothesis
  • The topographic gradient hypothesis
  • Synaptogenesis
  • Selective cell death
  • Functional validation
  • developmental Abnormalities
  • Spina bifida
  • Anencephaly
  • Microcephaly.
  • Macrocephaly
  • Down Syndrome
  • Phenylketonuria (PKU)
  • Fragile X syndrome
  • Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
  • Neural Plasticity
  • Effects of Visual Deprivation on Ocular Dominance
  • The critical period
  • Neuronal Regeneration
  • Contralateral Sprouting
  • Denervation Supersensitivity
  • Reorganization of Sensory Representations
  • Regenerating the Nervous System
  • Cell Transplantations.
  • Summary
  • Visual System
  • The Eye
  • The Retina
  • Photoreceptors: the rods and cones
  • Transduction of Visual Information
  • Major types of Ganglion Cells
  • Type P retinal ganglion cells are object detectors that have colour sensitivity.
  • Type M retinal ganglion cells detect motion and are not sensitive to colour.
  • Behaviour of Retinal Ganglion Cells
  • Horizontal Cells
  • Amacrine Cells
  • Pathways of the Eye and Brain
  • Analysis of information
  • The Visual Cortex
  • Dorsal and Ventral Streams
  • Recognition of objects:
  • Lateral inhibition
  • Receptive Fields
  • Secondary Visual Cortex
  • Visual Area V2
  • Visual Area V3
  • Visual Area V4
  • Visual Area V5
  • The Perception of Colour, Motion, and Depth:
  • Colour Vision
  • The Young-Hemholtz Trichromatic Theory
  • Hering's Opponent-process Theory
  • Retinex Theory
  • Motion Perception
  • The Binding Problem
  • Disorders of Object Perception:
  • Visual Agnosia
  • Apperceptive Agnosia
  • Associative Agnosia
  • Blindsight
  • Hemispatial Neglect
  • Summary
  • Non Visual Sensory Systems
  • Sensory Processing
  • The Somatosenses
  • Skin Receptors
  • Spinal Cord
  • Dermatone
  • Somatosensory Pathways
  • General somatosensory pathway - Conscious sensation
  • Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscal system
  • Anterolateral system
  • Common features of Conscious Somatosensory Pathways
  • Unconscious sensation
  • Spinocerebellar tract
  • Gate Theory of Pain.
  • Somatosensory Cortex
  • Auditory System
  • The Ear
  • Outer ear
  • Middle ear
  • Inner ear
  • Transduction of sound wave to nerve signal:
  • Inner hair cells
  • Outer hair cells
  • The neural connections and the pathway to auditory cortex:
  • Primary Auditory cortex
  • Detection of Frequency
  • Perception of Amplitude
  • Music Perception
  • Hearing loss - Deafness
  • Conduction Deafness
  • Sensorineural Deafness
  • Central Deafness
  • Balance - The Vestibular System
  • Chemical Senses
  • Taste
  • Taste Bud Morphology and Types of Cells
  • Mechanisms of Taste Perception
  • Taste Pathways
  • Olfaction
  • The Olfactory Pathway
  • Summary
  • Motor Control and Movement
  • The Mechanics of Movement Control
  • Striated or Skeletal Muscle
  • Smooth Muscle and Cardiac Muscle
  • Structure of Striated or Skeletal Muscle
  • Tendon Organs
  • Muscle Spindles
  • Spinal Reflexes.
  • Monosynaptic Stretch Reflexes
  • Polysynaptic Reflex
  • Renshaw Cells
  • Gamma Motor System
  • Movement Controlled by the Cortex
  • Motor Cortex -Primary (M1)
  • Motor Cortex - Secondary
  • Posterior Parietal Cortex
  • Motor Pathways
  • Pathways originating in cortex
  • The Corticospinal Tracts
  • Corticobulbar Tract
  • Pathways originating in Subcortex
  • Rubrospinal Tract
  • The Ventral Medial Group
  • The Vestibulospinal Tracts.
  • The Reticulospinal Tracts
  • The Tectospinal Tract
  • Cerebellum
  • The Structure of the Cerebellum
  • Inputs and outputs to the cerebellum
  • The Cerebellum Circuits
  • Basal Ganglia
  • Summary
  • The Biopsychology of Motivation
  • Motives
  • Eating
  • The Role of the Hypothalamus in Hunger and Satiety
  • Paraventricular and Arcuate nuclei
  • Glucostatic Principle
  • Ghrelin.
  • Environmental Factors of Eating
  • Hunger and Eating Based on Learning
  • Obesity and Long Term Control of Body Weight
  • The Lipostatic Theory
  • Set Point Theory
  • Genetics and Overweight
  • Eating Disorders
  • Anorexia Nervosa
  • Bulimia Nervosa
  • Drinking
  • Dry Mouth Theory
  • Osmostic Thirst
  • Hypovolemic Thirst
  • Reproductive Behaviour
  • Development of the Reproductive Organs
  • Sex Differences in the Brain
  • Role of SDN in the management of male sexual behaviours
  • Summary
  • Sleep and Biological Rhythms
  • Biological Rhythms
  • The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)
  • Influence of light-dark cycle
  • How much sleep do people require?
  • Measuring Sleep.
  • Sleep Stages
  • REM sleep.
  • Ponto-geniculo-occipital waves or PGO waves
  • Sequences of NREM and REM sleep
  • Neural Mechanisms of Sleep
  • Passive Sleep Theory
  • Active Reticular Activation System Theory
  • Reticular Activating System
  • Reticular formation
  • Hypothalamus
  • Basal Forebrain
  • Raphe Nucleus
  • Theories Regarding Reasons for Sleep
  • Evolutionary Theory of Sleep
  • Repair and Restoration Theory of Sleep
  • Information Consolidation Theory of Sleep
  • Sleep Disorders
  • Insomnia
  • Sleep related breathing disorders Sleep Apnea
  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
  • Central Sleep Apnea (CSA)
  • Hypersomnia- Narcolepsy
  • Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders
  • Parasomnias
  • Arousal disorders (e.g. Night Terrors, Sleep Walking and Sleep Talking)
  • REM Behaviour Disorder
  • Restless Leg Syndrome
  • Other Parsomnias
  • Summary
  • Biopsychology of Emotions, Stress, and Health
  • Biopsychology of Emotions Darwin's Theory
  • James Lange Theory
  • Canon-Bard Theory
  • Schachter-Singer Theory
  • Sham Rage
  • Anatomy of Emotions:
  • The Limbic System
  • Limbic system and the Papez circuit
  • Hippocampus
  • Amygdala
  • Thalamus
  • Hypothalamus
  • Cingulate gyrus
  • Ventral Tegmental Area
  • Septum
  • Prefrontal area
  • Insula
  • Cerebral hemispheres and Emotion
  • Emotions and Facial Expressions
  • Primary and Secondary Facial Emotions
  • Facial Feedback Hypothesis
  • Duchenne Smile
  • Fear, Attack and Escape Behaviours
  • Attack Behaviours
  • Heredity and Aggression
  • Neurotransmitters and hormones
  • Testosterone
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
  • Serotonin
  • Stress and Health Theories Relating to Stress
  • Alarm Stage
  • Resistance Stage
  • Exhaustion Phase
  • How the Body Reacts to Stress
  • Acute stress:
  • The Sympathomedullary Pathway
  • Chronic Stress:
  • The Pituitary-adrenal System
  • The Immune System
  • B-Cells
  • T Cells
  • Phagocytes
  • Cytokines
  • Psychoneuroimmunology (PIN)
  • Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
  • Summary
  • Memory, Learning, and Amnesia
  • Processing of Information
  • Sensory Memory
  • Short-Term Memory
  • Working Memory
  • Neural substrate of Working Memory
  • Long Term Memory.
  • Classic Conditioning
  • Instrumental or Operant Conditioning
  • Hebbian Theory
  • Learning in Aplysia
  • Brain Areas Involved in Memory
  • The Hippocampus
  • Second Messengers Systems and Memory
  • The Cellular Basis of Memory: Long Term Potentiation
  • Other Brain Structures Associate with Memory
  • Cerebellum and Long Term Depression
  • Amygdala
  • Motor Memory and the Basal Ganglia
  • Temporal lobe
  • Parietal Lobe
  • Occipital lobe
  • Disorders of Memory
  • Amnesia
  • Anterograde Amnesia
  • Retrograde Amnesia
  • Psychogenic or Functional amnesia
  • Case Study 1: Clive Wearing
  • Case Study 2: Henry Gustav Molaison
  • Summary
  • Lateralisation and Language
  • Lateralisation of Brain Function
  • Split-Brain Patients
  • Language
  • Involvement of the Right Hemisphere in Language
  • Is Language Innate or Do We Learn It?
  • Speech Production
  • Broca Aphasia
  • Speech Comprehension
  • Wernicke's Aphasia
  • The Wernicke-Geschwind model
  • The Bilingual Brain
  • Other Disorders of Speech Production
  • Fluent Aphasias
  • Conduction Aphasia
  • Transcortical Sensory Aphasia
  • Non Fluent Aphasias
  • Transcortical Motor Aphasia
  • Global Aphasia
  • Apraxia of Speech
  • Auditory Verbal Agnosia
  • Reading
  • Writing
  • Disorders of Reading and Writing
  • Alexia and Agraphia
  • Dysgraphia
  • Dyslexia
  • Phonological Theory
  • Visual Magnocellular Theory
  • Cerebellar Theory
  • Unified Theory
  • Summary
  • Biological Basis of Behaviour Disorders.
  • Affective Disorders
  • Diagnosis
  • Axis I: Clinical Syndromes
  • Axis II: Developmental Disorders and Personality Disorders
  • Axis III: General Medical Conditions
  • Axis IV: Severity of Psychosocial Stressors
  • Axis V: Global Assessment of Highest Level of Functioning
  • Affective Disorders
  • Depression
  • Major Depression
  • Dysthymia
  • Bipolar Disorders
  • Cyclothymia
  • Causes of Depression
  • Genetics
  • Neurochemistry and Depression
  • Neuroanatomy of Depression
  • The role of HPA system in depression
  • Treatment of Depression
  • Schizophrenia
  • The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia
  • The NMDA and Glutamate Hypothesis of Schizophrenia
  • Brain Damage and Schizophrenia
  • Neurological Disorders
  • The Neurological Examination
  • Dementia: Alzheimer's Disease
  • Classification of Alzheimer's Disease
  • Assessment of Azheimer's Disease
  • Neurotransmitters and the ACH Hypothesis
  • APP and Amyloid Beta Hypothesis
  • Tau Hypothesis
  • Presenilins
  • Apolipoprotein E Hypothesis
  • Movement Disorder: Parkinson's Disease
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Assessment of Parkinson's Disease
  • Assessment scales
  • Causes of Parkinson's Disease
  • Neural Structures Involved in PD
  • Motor circuit in Parkinson disease
  • Management of Parkinson's Disease
  • Summary

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

Dr Jim Barne s is a Reader in Psychology at Oxford Brookes University. He has published articles in Current Biology , the Journal of Mental Imagery and Neuropsychologia and received an award from The British Academy to fund his research into visual memory errors in Parkinson′s Disease patients with visual hallucination.
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