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In June 1998, diplomats met in Rome to draft the Statute of an International Criminal Court. Based on the precedents of the Nuremberg and Tokyo Tribunals and of the War Crimes Tribunals for Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, the new Court will judge individuals, not States. Unpunished mass slaughters have occurred in many countries. National justice is often ineffective. Truth and reconciliation commissions complement but do not replace justice. International 'Peoples' Tribunals have no international legitimacy. It is hoped that a permanent, international criminal court may combat impunity and deter more crimes.

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CHOICE Review

Beigbeder (Webster Univ., Geneva, Switzerland), traces the Nuremberg-inspired idea of a permanent court before which perpetrators of genocide and other crimes against humanity can be prosecuted. In July 1998, 120 countries voted to create the International Criminal Court (ICC), while the US, China, and five other states opposed the ICC's creation. Whether the ICC will be effective or prove to be a disappointment (much like the International Court of Justice, which is generally ignored by quarreling states), remains to be seen. Beigbeder, Aryeh Neier, (see War Crimes, CH, Jan'99), and others are hopeful about its potential. But other scholars such as David Rieff, author of Slaughterhouse: Bosnia and the Failure of the West (CH, Sept'95), are skeptical about the value of such an institution because it will lack legitimacy in the absence of a real international community and will have limited jurisdiction. Beigbeder documents and analyzes the post-WW II tribunals and the Genocide Convention that gave rise to calls for an ICC. Likewise events such as South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation hearings and the post-Bosnia and -Rwanda tribunals are examined as useful case studies and antecedents to the emerging institution. General readers, upper-division undergraduates, faculty, and practitioners will find this volume useful and valuable. P. G. Conway SUNY College at Oneonta

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YVES BEIGBEDER, M.Sc.Ed, PhD. (Public Law), was legal secretary to the French Judge at the Military War Criminals Tribunal in Nuremberg in 1946. Since 1986, he has lectured on international organizations and administration for UNITAR as a Senior Fellow, and for Universities in Paris, Geneva and North America. He currently teaches at Webster University in Geneva. He has written several books and articles on UN and other international organizations, on international administration and on the international civil service.