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Today psychometrics plays an increasingly important role in all our lives as testing and assessment occurs from preschool until retirement. This book introduces the reader to the subject in all its aspects, ranging from its early history, school examinations, how to construct your own test, controversies about IQ and recent developments in testing on the internet.

In Part one of Modern Psychometrics, Rust and Golombok outline the history of the field and discuss central theoretical issues such as IQ, personality and integrity testing and the impact of computer technology and the internet. In Part two a practical step-by-step guide to the development of a psychometric test is provided. This will enable anyone wishing to develop their own test to plan, design, construct and validate it to a professional standard. This third edition has been extensively updated and expanded to take into account recent developments in the field, making it the ideal companion for those studying for the British Psychological Society's Certificates of Competence in Testing.

Modern Psychometrics combines an up to date scientific approach to the subject with a full consideration of the political and ethical issues involved in the large scale implementation of psychometrics testing in today's highly networked society, particularly in terms of issues of diversity and internationalism. It will be useful to students and practictioners at all levels who are interested in psychometrics.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• List of Figures and Tables(p. ix)
• Preface to the Third Edition(p. xi)
• Acknowledgement(p. xiii)
• Part 1
• 1 The development of psychometrics(p. 3)
• Psychometrics today(p. 5)
• The history of psychometrics(p. 5)
• Issues in intelligence testing(p. 12)
• The ethics of IQ testing(p. 22)
• Summary(p. 25)
• 2 The objectives of testing and assessment(p. 27)
• Psychometrics and sociobiology(p. 28)
• Is psychometrics a science?(p. 30)
• What does psychometrics measure?(p. 31)
• The theory of true scores(p. 34)
• The true psychometrics: trait or function?(p. 36)
• Summary(p. 42)
• 3 The process of test construction(p. 43)
• Knowledge-based and person-based questionnaires(p. 44)
• Objective and open-ended tests(p. 45)
• Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced testing(p. 47)
• Obtaining test scores by summing item scores(p. 50)
• The correction for guessing in objective knowledge-based tests(p. 51)
• Summary(p. 53)
• 4 Item analysis(p. 55)
• Classical item analysis statistics for knowledge-based tests(p. 56)
• Classical item analysis for person-based tests(p. 59)
• Item analysis in criterion-referenced testing(p. 60)
• Psychological traits, true scores and internal test structure(p. 61)
• Classical item analysis for more complex situations(p. 61)
• Summary(p. 69)
• 5 Characteristics of tests(p. 71)
• Reliability(p. 72)
• Validity(p. 78)
• Standardisation(p. 81)
• Normalisation(p. 85)
• Summary(p. 88)
• 6 Bias in testing and assessment(p. 89)
• Bias and fairness(p. 90)
• Forms of bias(p. 91)
• Item bias(p. 92)
• Intrinsic test bias(p. 97)
• Extrinsic test bias(p. 101)
• Summary(p. 103)
• 7 Factor analysis(p. 105)
• The correlation coefficient(p. 106)
• The application of factor analysis to test construction(p. 112)
• Criticisms of the classical factor analytic approach(p. 117)
• Special uses of factor analysis in test construction(p. 119)
• Summary(p. 120)
• 8 Using psychometrics in educational settings(p. 121)
• Questioning the examination system(p. 122)
• Measuring ability in schoolchildren(p. 128)
• Measuring achievement in schoolchildren(p. 130)
• Ability-achievement discrepancy analysis(p. 132)
• Summary(p. 137)
• 9 Personality theory and clinical assessment(p. 139)
• Definitions of personality(p. 141)
• Genetic vs. environmental influences on personality(p. 142)
• Theories of personality(p. 144)
• Types vs. traits(p. 150)
• Approaches to personality assessment(p. 151)
• Sources and management of sabotage(p. 156)
• Informal methods of personality assessment(p. 159)
• State vs. trait measures(p. 160)
• Ipsative scaling(p. 160)
• Spurious validity and the Barnum effect(p. 161)
• Assessment in clinical psychology(p. 162)
• Summary(p. 163)
• 10 Psychometric assessment of personality in occupational settings(p. 165)
• The Big Five model(p. 166)
• Orpheus: a work-based personality questionnaire that assesses the Big Five(p. 167)
• The Orpheus scales(p. 175)
• The psychometric characteristics of Orpheus(p. 178)
• Using Orpheus(p. 179)
• Summary(p. 181)
• 11 Ethical test use and integrity testing(p. 183)
• Administrative procedures for psychometric testing(p. 184)
• Integrity testing(p. 187)
• Theories of integrity(p. 191)
• Giotto: a psychometric test of integrity(p. 192)
• Summary(p. 195)
• 12 Psychometrics in the information technology age(p. 197)
• Computerisation(p. 198)
• Artificial intelligence(p. 203)
• Summary(p. 208)
• Part 2
• 13 Constructing your own questionnaire(p. 211)
• The purpose of the questionnaire(p. 212)
• Making a blueprint(p. 212)
• Writing items(p. 217)
• Designing the questionnaire(p. 221)
• Piloting the questionnaire(p. 224)
• Item analysis(p. 225)
• Reliability(p. 228)
• Validity(p. 230)
• Standardisation(p. 232)
• Bibliography(p. 235)
• Index(p. 249)

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

John Rust is Director of The Psychometrics Centre at the University of Cambridge and a Senior Member of Darwin College.
Susan Golombok is Professor of Family Research at the University of Cambridge, Director of the Centre for Family Research and a Fellow of Newnham College.