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This authoritative volume describes the state of the science of early intervention for trauma and traumatic loss across the lifespan and in a variety of contexts. While few would dispute the importance of helping people cope with severe life stressors, important questions remain about how to identify those at risk for chronic problems and which interventions actually facilitate recovery over time. Following a review of current knowledge on the predictors and course of acute stress disorder, PTSD, and traumatic grief, the volume presents a range of early intervention models designed for very young children, older children, and adults. Authors examine the empirical literature and recommend evidence-based clinical strategies whenever possible, while delineating an extensive agenda for future research. Also covered are the lessons learned from early intervention with specific populations: 9/11 survivors, combat veterans, emergency services personnel, survivors of sexual violence, and others.

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• 1. Introduction(p. 1)
• I Predictors and Course of Acute Stress Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Traumatic Grief
• 2. Acute Stress Disorder Course, Epidemiology, Assessment, and Treatment(p. 15)
• 3. Risk and Resilience Factors in the Etiology of Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder(p. 34)
• 4. Conceptual and Definitional Issues in Complicated Grief(p. 65)
• II Empirical Research on Early Interventions for Trauma and Traumatic Loss
• 5. Early Intervention for Trauma in Adults A Framework for First Aid and Secondary Prevention(p. 87)
• 6. Early Intervention with Infants, Toddlers, and Preschoolers(p. 112)
• 7. Early Mental Health Interventions for Trauma and Traumatic Loss in Children and Adolescents(p. 131)
• 8. Early Mental Health Interventions for Traumatic Loss in Adults(p. 147)
• 9. Methodological and Ethical Issues in Early Intervention Research(p. 179)
• III Special Topics
• 10. The Professional Response to the Aftermath of September 11, 2001, in New York City Lessons Learned from Treating Victims of the World Trade Center Attacks(p. 201)
• 11. Sexual Trauma Impact and Recovery(p. 216)
• 12. When the Helpers Need Help Early Intervention for Emergency and Relief Services Personnel(p. 241)
• 13. Evaluating and Treating Injured Trauma Survivors in Trauma Care Systems(p. 263)
• 14. Early Intervention for Psychological Consequences of Personal Injury Motor Vehicle Accidents(p. 284)
• 15. The Challenge of Providing Mental Health Prevention and Early Intervention in the U.S. Military(p. 301)
• 16. Closing Remarks(p. 319)
• Index(p. 327)

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CHOICE Review

How quickly should any therapeutic intervention occur following trauma--e.g., an accident, a natural disaster, the death of a loved one, a terrorist attack? What form should that intervention take? Adequate answers to these questions are hard to come by, necessitating insights from psychologists, psychiatrists, physicians, public health experts, and even the military. As Litz (psychiatry and psychology, Boston Univ.) reminds the reader, five out of every ten people in the US will experience a traumatic stressor at some point in their lives; trauma is not something that happens only to others. The author focuses on providing acute care immediately following or shortly after a trauma occurs in order to prevent or at least reduce the incidence of posttraumatic stress disorders, acute stress reactions, or severe grief. He divides the book's 16 chapters into 3 sections: predictions and course of disorders, empirical research and intervention, and select topics (e.g., learning from 9/11, sexual trauma, intervention following motor vehicle accidents). The book will be of most interest to counselors, trauma researchers, and those doing acute psychological interventions and advanced work with survivors; it is too specialized for undergraduates. ^BSumming Up: Recommended. Graduate students and above. D. S. Dunn Moravian College

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Brett T. Litz, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Psychiatry at Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and Director of the Mental Health Core of the Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiological Research and Information Center at the VA Boston Healthcare System. He is also Assessment Core Director of the STRONG STAR Consortium and the Consortium to Alleviate PTSD. Dr. Litz focuses on evaluating the mental health outcomes associated with military deployments across the lifespan, with an emphasis on early intervention and treatments for combat and operational trauma, loss, and moral injury.