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Robotics technology aims to improve productivity, to obtain higher and more consistent product quality, and to eliminate workplace hazards, such as those related to exposure to heat, gases and chemicals or those where heavy lifting or monotonous work movements are involved. This publication presents global statistics on the use of industrial and service robots in uniform tables which allow for international comparisons. It contains detailed statistical data for 20 countries, broken down by application, industry, types of robots and other technical and economic variables. Data on production, exports and imports are presented for selected countries, and it also highlights trends in robot densities. Developments in 2000 are analysed in detail and forecasts up to 2004 are given. It also includes case studies showing actual robot installations, and their effects on costs, production, employment structure and overall profitability.

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• Editorial: Robot Based Automation with Industrial It - a paradigm shift in industry(p. ix)
• Executive Summary(p. 1)
• I Introduction(p. 11)
• I.1 Sources and methods(p. 11)
• I.1.1 New title - extended coverage(p. 11)
• I.1.2 Data sources and reliability of data(p. 11)
• I.1.3 Two types of stock data(p. 13)
• I.1.4 Interpretation of the concepts of shipments, sales and yearly supply(p. 14)
• I.1.5 Revision of time-series data on the robot stock(p. 14)
• I.1.6 Data coverage and where to access data for previous years(p. 15)
• I.2 Multipurpose manipulating industrial robots: definition and classification(p. 17)
• I.2.1 Definition (ISO 8373) and delimitation(p. 17)
• I.2.2 Classification by industrial branches(p. 21)
• I.2.3 Classification by application areas(p. 22)
• I.2.4 Classification by types of robots(p. 23)
• I.3 Service robots: definition and classification(p. 25)
• I.3.1 Provisional definition(p. 25)
• I.3.2 Provisional classification of service robots by application areas(p. 25)
• II Worldwide Diffusion of Industrial Robots(p. 27)
• II.1 Shipments (sales) in units(p. 27)
• II.2 Estimate of the worldwide operational stock of industrial robots(p. 30)
• II.3 Estimate of the value of the world robot market in 1995-2000(p. 33)
• II.4 Degree of concentration in the robot industry(p. 33)
• II.5 Analysis of the effects of the business cycle on investments in industrial robots(p. 36)
• II.6 The 2000 industrial robot stock, by industrial branches, in relation to value added and employment(p. 39)
• II.7 Analysis of the development of robot density in selected countries(p. 46)
• II.7.1 Definition of robot density(p. 46)
• II.7.2 Measurements of robot density based on the total number of persons employed(p. 46)
• II.7.3 Measurements of robot density based on the total number of production workers(p. 50)
• II.8 Analysis of the stock and supply of multipurpose industrial robots in 2000 by major application areas(p. 53)
• II.9 Analysis of the stock and supply of multipurpose industrial robots in 2000 by major industrial branches(p. 59)
• II.10 Comparison between the motor vehicle industry and all other industrial branches(p. 64)
• II.11 Installations of multipurpose industrial robots in 2000 by types of robots(p. 64)
• II.12 Installations of multipurpose industrial robots with 5 axes or more(p. 70)
• III Prices, Wages and Employment(p. 73)
• III.1 Introduction(p. 73)
• III.1.1 Variables and indicators in selected industrial branches(p. 73)
• III.1.2 Sources(p. 73)
• III.1.3 Two types of price data for robotics(p. 73)
• III.1.4 Outline of the chapter(p. 74)
• III.2 Producer price indices for industrial robots - methodological overview(p. 74)
• III.2.1 Characteristics of the pricing of industrial robots(p. 74)
• III.2.2 Method of survey(p. 75)
• III.2.3 Method for calculating a quality adjusted price index for industrial robots(p. 75)
• III.3 Average unit price of robots in robot systems(p. 76)
• III.4 International PPI for industrial robots(p. 79)
• III.4.1 Without quality adjustment(p. 79)
• III.4.2 With quality adjustment(p. 79)
• III.5 United States - robot price and labour cost indices - wages and employment statistics(p. 81)
• III.6 Germany - robot price and labour cost indices - wages and employment statistics(p. 84)
• III.7 Italy - robot price and labour cost indices - wages and employment statistics(p. 87)
• III.8 France - robot price and labour cost indices - wages and employment statistics(p. 90)
• III.9 United Kingdom - robot price and labour cost indices - wages and employment statistics(p. 93)
• III.10 Sweden - robot price and labour cost indices - wages and employment statistics(p. 96)
• III.11 Republic of Korea - labour cost indices, wages and employment statistics(p. 99)
• IV The Structure of the Diffusion of Industrial Robots in Individual Countries(p. 101)
• Introduction(p. 101)
• Australia(p. 102)
• Austria(p. 108)
• Benelux(p. 115)
• Denmark(p. 117)
• Finland(p. 125)
• France(p. 133)
• Germany(p. 145)
• Hungary(p. 156)
• Italy(p. 157)
• Japan(p. 168)
• Norway(p. 180)
• Poland(p. 189)
• Portugal(p. 195)
• Republic of Korea(p. 198)
• Spain(p. 210)
• Sweden(p. 220)
• Switzerland(p. 229)
• Taiwan Province of China(p. 231)
• United Kingdom(p. 239)
• United States (North America)(p. 251)
• All other countries(p. 256)
• V Forecast of Worldwide Investment in Industrial Robots in the Period 2001-2004(p. 257)
• V.1 Determining factors(p. 257)
• V.2 The world economy - an overview(p. 257)
• V.3 Assumptions(p. 260)
• V.4 Forecasts 2001-2004(p. 261)
• V.4.1 Historical development(p. 261)
• V.4.2 Forecasts 2001-2004(p. 263)
• V.4.3 Results in the first half of 2001(p. 267)
• V.4.4 Comparison between forecasts for previous years and the actual outcome(p. 267)
• VI The Profitability of Industrial Robots: Analysis of Case Studies(p. 269)
• VI.1 Introduction and conclusions(p. 269)
• VI.1.1 Introduction(p. 269)
• VI.1.2 Benefits of Robot Automation(p. 269)
• VI.1.3 Conclusions(p. 270)
• VI.2 Case study 1: Agile six-axis robots: Greater cost-effectiveness for injection moulding(p. 274)
• VI.3 Case study 2: Robots servicing injection-moulding machines(p. 277)
• VI.4 Case study 3: E-business and e-manufacturing at ABB's motor plant(p. 279)
• VI.5 Case study 4: Robots in the 21st century bakery - justifying an automation project(p. 282)
• VII Robotics at Nestle(p. 285)
• VII.1 Present use of robotics at Nestle(p. 285)
• VII.1.1 Introduction(p. 285)
• VII.1.2 Existing systems within Nestle(p. 285)
• VII.1.3 Justification for robots(p. 286)
• VII.2 Requirement put by Nestle on robotics(p. 287)
• VII.2.1 Introduction(p. 287)
• VII.2.2 Robotics versus manual operation(p. 287)
• VII.2.3 Robotics versus mechanization(p. 287)
• VII.2.4 Criticism and discussion on existing solutions(p. 288)
• VII.3 How Nestle sees future robotics use(p. 288)
• VII.3.1 Introduction(p. 288)
• VII.3.2 Expectations concerning robot suppliers(p. 288)
• VII.3.3 Expectations concerning systems integrators(p. 289)
• VII.3.4 Systems for the future(p. 289)
• VII.4 Conclusion(p. 289)
• VIII Service Robots(p. 291)
• VIII.1 Introduction(p. 291)
• VIII.2 Diffusion of service robots(p. 291)
• VIII.3 Major application areas for service robots(p. 295)
• VIII.3.1 Introduction(p. 295)
• VIII.3.2 Cleaning robots(p. 295)
• VIII.3.3 Sewer robots(p. 300)
• VIII.3.4 Wall-climbing robots(p. 301)
• VIII.3.5 Inspection robots, general (power plants, nuclear sites, bridges etc.)(p. 303)
• VIII.3.6 Demolition robots; Servicing and/or dismantling nuclear, chemical, waste, military and other hazardous complexes(p. 303)
• VIII.3.7 Underwater robots (inspection and work class robots)(p. 304)
• VIII.3.8 Domestic robots(p. 305)
• VIII.3.9 Medical robots(p. 308)
• VIII.3.10 Robots for disabled persons; Assistive robots; Wheelchair robots(p. 311)
• VIII.3.11 Courier robots; Mail delivery robots(p. 313)
• VIII.3.12 Mobile robot platforms(p. 314)
• VIII.3.13 Surveillance robots; Security robots(p. 315)
• VIII.3.14 Unmanned aerial vehicles(p. 317)
• VIII.3.15 Guide robots(p. 317)
• VIII.3.16 Refuelling Robots(p. 320)
• VIII.3.17 Fire- and bomb-fighting robots(p. 321)
• VIII.3.18 Robots in the construction industry(p. 322)
• VIII.3.19 Robots in agriculture and forestry(p. 324)
• VIII.3.20 Hotel and restaurant robots(p. 325)
• VIII.3.21 Clean room robots(p. 326)
• VIII.3.22 Laboratory robots(p. 326)
• VIII.3.23 Nano robots, micro robots(p. 326)
• VIII.3.24 Humanoid robots(p. 326)
• VIII.3.25 Space robots(p. 326)
• VIII.3.26 Entertainment robots, including toy and hobby robots(p. 327)
• VIII.3.27 Robots in marketing(p. 327)
• VIII.3.28 Other types(p. 327)
• Annex A(p. 333)
• Table A-1 Total accumulated yearly sales of multipurpose industrial robots in selected countries. Number of units(p. 334)
• Table A-2 Percentage yearly change in accumulated yearly sales of multipurpose industrial robots in selected countries(p. 335)
• Table A-3 Estimated operational stock of multipurpose industrial robots at year end in selected countries. Number of units(p. 336)
• Table A-4 Percentage yearly change in estimated operational stock of multipurpose industrial robots at year end in selected countries(p. 337)
• Table A-5 Estimated yearly shipments (sales) of multipurpose industrial robots in selected countries. Number of units(p. 338)
• Table A-6 Percentage yearly change in estimated shipments (sales) of multipurpose industrial robots in selected countries(p. 339)
• Annex B Measuring service lives of industrial robots - Pilot study(p. 341)
• 1. Introduction(p. 341)
• 2. Method of survey(p. 341)
• 3. Steps taken(p. 341)
• 4. Questions surveyed(p. 342)
• 5. Two stock measures(p. 342)
• 6. Results of the survey(p. 342)
• 7. Conclusions of the survey(p. 346)
• 8. The survival paradox(p. 346)