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Sentencing and corrections issues are much the same in every Western country and increasingly efforts are being made to import policies and practices that have succeeded elsewhere. This volume brings together articles on sentencing reform in the United States, other English-speaking countries (Australia, Canada, England, Wales, New Zealand, South Africa), and Western Europe, by leading national and international authorities on sentencing policy, practices, and institutions. Short, timely, and readable, the articles originally appeared in the journal Overcrowded Times. Together, they fill a major gap in the academic and policy literatures and will be essential reading for students, scholars, and practitioners in the field.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Contributors(p. xiii)
• 1 Sentencing Reform(p. 3)
• Sentencing Reform in the United States(p. 6)
• Sentencing Reform outside the United States(p. 8)
• 2 Sentencing Reform in the United States(p. 11)
• National Developments(p. 12)
• Sentencing Guidelines Are "Alive and Well" in the United States(p. 12)
• American Bar Association Adopts New Sentencing Standards(p. 17)
• Washington State(p. 20)
• Washington State: A Decade of Sentencing Reform(p. 20)
• Washington Prison Population Growth Out of Control(p. 26)
• Sentencing Policy in Washington, 1992-1995(p. 30)
• Minnesota(p. 35)
• Minnesota's Sentencing Guidelines--Past and Future(p. 35)
• Prison Population Growing under Minnesota Guidelines(p. 40)
• Minnesota's Sentencing Guidelines--1995 Update(p. 45)
• Oregon(p. 49)
• Sentencing Reform in Oregon(p. 49)
• Oregon Guidelines, 1989-1994(p. 53)
• Pennsylvania(p. 57)
• The Evolution of Pennsylvania's Sentencing Guidelines(p. 57)
• Pennsylvania's Sentencing Guidelines--The Process of Assessment and Revision(p. 62)
• North Carolina(p. 69)
• North Carolina Prisons Are Growing(p. 69)
• North Carolina Legislature Considers Sentencing Change(p. 74)
• North Carolina Legislature Adopts Guidelines(p. 77)
• North Carolina Prepares for Guidelines Sentencing(p. 79)
• North Carolina Avoids Early Trouble with Guidelines(p. 84)
• Delaware(p. 88)
• Sentencing Reform in Delaware(p. 88)
• Voluntary Guidelines Effective in Delaware(p. 92)
• Other States(p. 94)
• Sentencing Reform in Colorado--Many Changes, Little Progress(p. 94)
• Utah's Conjoint Guidelines for Sentencing and Parole(p. 101)
• Kansas Adopts Sentencing Guidelines(p. 106)
• Ohio Adopts Determinate Sentencing(p. 110)
• Massachusetts, Missouri, and Oklahoma Establish Sentencing Commissions(p. 114)
• 3 Sentencing Reform outside the United States(p. 122)
• Prison Populations in Western Europe(p. 124)
• England(p. 133)
• New Sentencing Laws Take Effect in England(p. 133)
• England Repeals Key 1991 Sentencing Reforms(p. 136)
• England Abandons Unit Fines(p. 139)
• Punitive Policies and Politics Crowding English Prisons(p. 143)
• English Sentencing since the Criminal Justice Act 1991(p. 146)
• Australia(p. 148)
• Sentencing Reform in Victoria(p. 148)
• Truth in Sentencing in New South Wales(p. 152)
• Sentencing and Punishment in Australia in the 1990s(p. 156)
• Other English-Speaking Countries(p. 163)
• Sentencing and Punishment in New Zealand, 1981-1993(p. 163)
• Sentencing Reform in Canada(p. 168)
• Sentencing in South Africa(p. 172)
• Germany(p. 177)
• Germany Reduces Use of Prison Sentences(p. 177)
• Sentencing and Punishment in Germany(p. 181)
• Finland(p. 187)
• Success in Finland in Reducing Prison Use(p. 187)
• Sentencing and Punishment in Finland(p. 189)
• The Netherlands(p. 194)
• Sentencing and Punishment in the Netherlands(p. 194)
• Netherlands Successfully Implements Community Service Orders(p. 200)
• Other European Countries(p. 203)
• Sentencing in Switzerland(p. 203)
• Sentencing Reform in Sweden(p. 211)
• 4 Race and Sentencing(p. 217)
• Young Black Men and the Criminal Justice System(p. 219)
• Racial Disparities Getting Worse in U.S. Prisons and Jails(p. 220)
• Forty-Two Percent of Black D.C. Males, Ages Eighteen to Thirty-Five, under Criminal Justice System Control(p. 225)
• Fifty-Six Percent of Young Black Males in Baltimore Under Justice System Control(p. 227)
• Drug Policies Increasing Racial Disparities in U.S. Prisons(p. 230)
• Drug Policies Causing Racial and Ethnic Differences in Federal Sentencing(p. 236)
• Racial Disparities in the Juvenile Justice System(p. 240)
• One in Three Young Black Men Is Ensnared in the Justice System(p. 244)
• 5 Public Opinion and Sentencing(p. 249)
• American Attitudes about Punishment: Myth and Reality(p. 250)
• Survey Shows Alabamians Support Alternatives(p. 255)
• Delawareans Favor Prison Alternatives(p. 259)
• Pennsylvanians Prefer Alternatives to Prison(p. 265)
• Oregonians Support Alternatives for Nonviolent Offenders(p. 270)
• References(p. 277)
• Acknowledgments(p. 286)

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

Michael Tonry is Sonosky Professor of Law and Public Policy at the University of Minnesota
Kathleen Hatlestad is Associate Editor of both Overcrowded Times and Crime and Justice: A Review of Research.