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Hannan and Freeman examine the ecology of organizations by exploring the competition for resources and by trying to account for rates of entry and exit and for the diversity of organizational forms. They show that the destinies of organizations are determined more by impersonal forces than by the intervention of individuals.

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• Preface
• Part 1
• 1 Organizations and Social Structure Organizational Diversity Perspectives on Organizational Change The Demography and Ecology of Organizations Population Thinking Evolution of Organizational Forms Dynamic and Comparative Analysis
• 2 Theoretical Background Organization Theory and Sociology: Missing Connections Comparison of Contemporary Approaches Controversies and Misunderstandings Managerial Implications and Applications
• 3 Boundaries of Forms and Populations Approaches to Defining Forms A Focus on Boundaries Boundary Dynamics and Diversity Implications for Research
• 4 Structural Inertia and Organizational Change Structural Inertia A Hierarchy of Inertial Forces Variations in Strength of Inertia
• 5 Competition and the Niche The Principle of Isomorphism The Niche Classical Competition Theory Niche Overlap and Competition
• 6 Modeling the Dynamics of Organizational Populations Variations in Intrinsic Founding Rates Effects of Environments on Carrying Capacities Conceptualizing the Size of Populations Carrying Capacities and Density Dependence Rate Dependence and Diversity Dependence Dynamics of Selection
• Part 2 Methods
• 7 Designs of Empirical Studies Defining Events National Labor Unions Semiconductor Merchant Producers Newspaper Publishers in San Francisco Comparison of Data Sets
• 8 Models and Methods of Analysis Describing Organizational Histories Models for Transition Rates Counting Process Models Estimation and Testing
• Part 3 Empirical Finding
• 9 The Population Ecology of Founding and Entry Core Questions Founding Rates of Labor Unions Entry Rates of Semiconductor Manufacturing Firms Founding Rates of Newspaper Firms Comparisons and Contrasts
• 10 Age Dependence in Failure Rates The Liability of Newness National Labor Unions Exits of Semiconductor Manufacturing Firms
• 11 The Population Ecology of Organizational Mortality Disbanding Rates of Labor Unions Exit Rates of Semiconductor Firms Failure Rates of Newspaper Firms Comparisons and Contrasts
• 12 Dynamics of Niche Width and Mortality Niche Width and Mortality of Restaurants Niche Width and Exit Rates of Semiconductor Firms Comparisons and Contrasts
• 13 Conclusions Implications of the Research Problems for Analysis
• References
• Name Index
• Subject Index

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CHOICE Review

Hannan and Freeman are pioneers in the field of sociology known by the title of their book, and in it they present a valuable overview of the progress which has been made in work that began only a little more than a decade ago. It focuses upon the birth, growth, and death rates of populations of different kinds of organizations, and its central task is to explain patterns and changes in these rates. This work, as the authors show, requires insight into the workings of competing organizations as social institutions in order to produce the requisite theories, and it also entails the translation of these theories into mathematical terms so that models can be constructed from which hypotheses can be drawn and tested. The volume consists of three parts, a theoretical section which is also a readable introduction for newcomers to the field, a section on methods, and another on findings in studies of labor unions, semiconductor firms, and newspapers. The book is an exemplary handbook for advanced students, and it nicely complements Ecological Models of Organizations edited by Glenn R. Carroll (1988). Upper-division and graduate collections. -R. W. Avery, University of Pittsburgh