TY - BOOK AU - Ayala,César J.and Rafael Bernabe AU - Bernabe Riefkohl,Rafael TI - Puerto Rico in the American century: a history since 1898. SN - 9780807859544 AV - F1975 A93 2007 U1 - 972.9505/2 22 PY - 2007/// CY - Chapel Hill : PB - The University of North Carolina Press, KW - Puerto Rico KW - History KW - 20th century KW - Local KW - Politics and government KW - HISTORY / Caribbean & West Indies / General N1 - Include index; Includes bibliographical references (p. 383-397); 1898 Background and Immediate Consequences -- Reshaping Puerto Rico's Economy, 1898-1934 -- Political and Social Struggles in a New Colonial Context, 1900-1930 -- Americanization and Its Discontents, 1898-1929 -- Economic Depression and Political Crisis: The Turbulent Thirties -- Cultural Debates in an Epoch of Crisis: National Interpretations in the Thirties -- Turning Point in the Forties: Rise of the Partido Popular Democrático -- Birth of the Estado Libre Asociado -- Transformation and Relocation: Puerto Rico's Operation Bootstrap -- Politics and Culture in the Epoch of PPD Hegemony -- PPD Hegemony Undermined: From Mobilization to Recession, 1960-1975 -- Rethinking the Past, Betting on the Future: Cultural Debates from the Sixties to the Eighties -- Economic Stagnation and Political Deadlock, 1976-1992 -- Politics and Social Conflict in the Epoch of Neoliberalism, 1992-2004 -- Neonationalism, Postmodernism, and Other Debates. --; ILLUSTRATIONS -- Luisa Capetillo 67 -- Rosendo Matienzo Cintron 71 -- Nemesio Canales 82 -- Meeting of the Partido Nacionalista in San Juan 106 -- Pedro Albizu Campos speaks at the funeral of the Nationalists killed during the Rio Piedras massacre III -- Margot Arce and Luis Pales Matos 126 -- Julia de Burgos 130-- Luis Muñoz Marin addresses a gathering during the founding convention of the PPD in 1940 137 -- Juan Santos Rivera and Juan Saez Corales 140 -- Luis Muñoz Marin speaking to Governor Rexford Guy Tugwell 146 -- Francisco Colon Gordiany 155 -- A march past the front gates of the University of Puerto Rico during the 1948 student strike 159 -- Gilberto Concepcion de Gracia is greeted in October 1949 by Vito Marcantonio 160 -- Ramon Medina Ramirez and Jose Rivera Sotomayor 166 -- Women employed in light manufacturing in the 1930s 191 -- Fernando Sierra Berdecia posing with the staff of the Migration Office in New York City in 1948 197 -- Puerto Rican farm workers in the United States in the 1950s 198 -- Cesar Andreu Iglesias 215 -- Nilita Vientos 217 -- Juan Mari Bras and Ruben Berrios 228 -- Electric system workers in a picket line in front of a power station during a protest in the mid-1970s 234 -- A meeting of ASPIRA in 1965 239 -- Piri Thomas 263 -- Luis A. Ferre and Carlos Romero Barcelo 279 -- One of many marches during the 1980-81 student strike at the University of Puerto Rico 282 -- Rafael Hernandez Colon 288 -- Union protest against privatization 298 -- A march against the U.S. Navy presence in Vieques in 2000 301 -- Participants in civil disobedience activities on one of the navy-held beaches in 2001 302 -- ; MAPS -- 1.1 The Caribbean 4 -- 1.2 Puerto Rican Municipios 6 -- 2.1 Crop Distribution and Demographic Growth, 1900-1935, 34 -- 14.1 Puerto Rican Population in the Fifty States, 2004, 307 -- 14.2 Principal Metropolitan Areas with Puerto Rican Population, 2004, 308 -- ; TABLES -- 1.1 Periods of Puerto Rican History since 1874, 8 -- 9.1 Land Tenure in Puerto Rico, 1940 and 1950, 187 -- 9.2 Employment, Unemployment, Labor Force Participation, and Out-Migration in Puerto Rico, 1950-1965, 195 -- ; FIGURES -- 7.1 Political Parties in Puerto Rico, 1899-1940, 143 -- 9.1 Federal Expenditures and Excise Tax Income, 1940-1949, 188 -- 9.2 Emigration from Puerto Rico, 1900-2000, 196 -- 13.1 GNP and GDP in Puerto Rico, 1947-2000, 271 -- 13.2 Index of Personal Income in Puerto Rico and U.S. Regions, 1930-2000, 274 -- 13.3 GDP per Capita of Puerto Rico, the United States, and Latin America, 1950-1998, 276 -- N2 - Offering a comprehensive overview of Puerto Rico's history and evolution since the installation of U.S. rule, this book connects the island's economic, political, cultural, and social past. It explores Puerto Ricans in the diaspora as well as the island residents, who experience an unusual and daily conundrum: they consider themselves a distinct people but are part of the American political system; they have U.S. citizenship but are not represented in the U.S. Congress; and they live on land that is neither independent nor part of the United States. Highlighting both well known and forgotten figures from Puerto Rican history, Ayala and Bernabe discuss a wide range of topics, including literary and cultural debates and social and labor struggles that previous histories have neglected. ER -