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    <subfield code="a">Nicholas, Barry.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">An introduction to Roman law :</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">by Barry Nicholas.</subfield>
    <subfield code="h">txt</subfield>
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    <subfield code="b">Oxford ,</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">1975.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">xiv, 301 p.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">volume</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Clarendon law series</subfield>
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  <datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a"> index.</subfield>
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  <datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Bibliography</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">CONTENTS :
I. HISTORY AND SOURCES OF THE LAW --
I. INTRODUCTION --
1. The claims of Roman Law --
2. The constitutional and historical background 3 --
The struggle between the Orders , and the Republican constitution 3 --
The later Republic 7 --
The Principate 10 --
The Dominate 12 --
II. SOURCES OF THE LAW 14 --
1. Statutes 14 --
Lex and plebiscitum 14 --
Senatusconsulta 16 --
Constitutiones principis 17 --
2. Edicts of Magistrates 19 --
The general function of the Praetor 19 --
The particular function of the Praetor  23 --
Character of the ius honorarium 26 --
Actions and procedure of the late law 27 --
3. Juristic Interpretation 28 --
Interpretatio prudentium 28 --
Ius respondendi 31 --
The Sabinian and Proculian Schools 32 --
Forms of legal literature 33 --
The " classical period &#x201D; The Institutes of Gaius 34  --
The post classical period 36 --
III. THE WORK OF JUSTINIAN 38 --
The Corpus luris Civilis 39 --
Character of the Digest 42 --
IV. THE SECOND LIFE OF ROMAN LAW 45 --
Survival in the East 45 --
Survival and revival in the West 46 --
The Reception of Roman law 48 --
The Humanist revival 50 -- 
Natural law 50 --
Codification and the modern Civil law 51 --
The modern historical study of Roman law 53 --
V. IUS NATURALE , IUS GENTIUM 54 --
II. LAW OF PERSONS  --
Introductory The arrangement of the Institutes 60  --
Formalism 61 --
1. Main features of the law 64 --
Citizens and non &#x2013; citizens 64 --
The Roman family-patria potestas 65 --
Proprietary incapacity of filiusfamilias 68 --
Position of slaves , in law and in fact 69 --
2. Creation and termination of slavery 71 --
How slavery arises 71 --
How slavery ends-manumission 72 --
Consequences of manumission 75  --
Public control of manumission 76 --
3. Creation and termination of patria potestas 76 --
How patria potestas arises 76 --
How patria potestas ends 79 --
4. Marriage 80 --
Main characteristics 80 --
Manus 82 --
Iustae nuptiae and non - Roman marriage 83 --
Concubinage 83 --
Legitimation 84 --
Divorce 85 --
Matrimonial property 87 --
5. Guardianship 90 --
Tutela impuberum 90 --
Cura minorum 93 --
Other forms of guardianship 95 --
6. Capitis deminutio 96 --
III. LAW OF PROPERTY  --
Introductory The Law of Things 98 --
1. Fundamental Distinctions 99 --
Property and obligations - actions and rights in rem and in personam 99 --
Contract and conveyance 103 --
Classifications of res 105 --
Ownership and possession 107 --
2. Possession 107 --
Protection of possession 108 --
Importance of possession 109  --
Who has possession ? 110 --
Possession as a fact 114 --
3. Modes of acquisition of corporeal things 115 --
4. Derivative modes - Conveyances 116  --
Mancipatio , in iure cession 116 --
Traditio 117 -- 
5. Original Civil Mode - Prescription  120 --
Introductory limitation and prescription 120 --
Usucapio 122 --
The bonitary owner and the bona fide possessor 125 --
Longi temporis prescriptio and Justinian's reforms 128 --
Modern law and the inviolability of ownership 129 --
6. Original natural modes 130 --
Occupatio 130 --
Increment by rivers 132 --
Merger 133 --
Specificatio 136 --
Acquisition of fruits 138 --
Treasure trove 140 --
7. Servitudes 140 --
Introductory iura in re aliena 140 --
Praedial servitudes 141 --
Personal servitudes 144 -- --
The Roman law of servitudes and modern law 147 --
8. Other iura in re aliena 148 --
Emphyteusis and superficies 148 --
Real security 149 --
9. Ownership 153 --
IV. LAW OF OBLIGATIONS --
Introduction 158 --
I. CONTRACTS 159 --
1. Historical Development 159 --
The idea of debt 159 --
Promissory and ' real ' debt 160 --
The consensual contracts 161 --
Unilateral and bilateral contracts 162 --
Strict iuris and bonae fidei actions 163 --
The classification of Gaius and Justinian 164 --
Law of contracts, not law of contract  165 --
Methods of contracting and types of contract 166 --
2. The Informal Contracts 167 --
(a) The real contracts 167 --
The individual contracts Obligations re in Gaius 167 --
Relative unimportance of the real contracts 168 --
Standards of care 169 --
(b) The consensual contracts 171 --
(1) Sale ( emptio venditio ) 171 --
Formation of the contract 172 --
Effects of the contract 178 --
Duties of the seller 180 --
Duties of the buyer 182 --
(2) Hire ( locatio conductio ) 182 --
Scope and character 182 --
Formation of the contract 184 --
Effects of the contract 185 --
(3) Partnership ( societas )  185 --
Formation of the contract  185 --
Incidents of the contract 186 --
(4) Mandate ( mandatum ) 187 --
(c) Innominate contracts 189 --
(d) Pacts 191 --
3. The Formal Contracts 193 --
(a) The contract verbis the stipulatio 193 --
Classical form 193 --
Function 193 --
Degeneration 194 --
(b) The contract literis 196 --
The classical contract 196 --
The contract of Justinian ' s Institutes 197 --
Discharge of Obligations 198 --
Privity of Contract 199 --
The principle 199 --
Novation and delegation 199 --
Assignment 200 --
Agency 201 --
6. Suretyship 204 --
7. Modern Civil law 205 --
II. DELICT AND QUASI-DELICT 207 --
I. Introduction 207 --
Crime and delict 207 --
Penal character of delictal actions 209 --
The classification of the Institutes 210 --
2. Furtum and Rapina 211 --
Archaic features 212 --
What constitutes furtum 212 --
The plaintiff 214 --
Reipersecutory actions 215 --
Rapina 215  --
3. Iniuria 215 --
Classical scope of the delict 215 --
Earlier development 216 --
Penal character 217  --
4. Damnum iniuria datum 218 --
Lex Aquilia 218  --
Essential elements of the delict 218  --
5. Praetorian delicts 222  --
6. Noxal Liability 223  --
Noxal surrender 223  --
Damage by animals 224 --
7. Quasi-delict 224 --
8. Modern law 226  --
Civil law 226  --
Common law 226  --
III. QUASI - CONTRACT 227  --
Negotiorum gestio 227 --
The condictio 229 --
Unjust enrichment 231  --
V. LAW OF SUCCESSION 234  --
I. General Principles-Civil law 235  --
Universal succession 235  --
Heres, hereditas 236 --
Types of heres  237 --
Devices to mitigate the inconveniences of universal succession 239 --
Semel heres , semper heres  241--
2. Praetorian law - Bonorum possession 243 --
General principles of bonorum possession 243 --
Remedies of the bonorum possessor 245 --
3. Intestate Succession 246 --
Preliminary notions 246 --
Civil law 247 --
Bonorum possessio ab intestate 248 --
The system of the Novels 250 --
4. Testamentary Succession 251 --
The early will 253 --
Bonorum possessio secundum tabulas ; the ' Praetorian will ' 254 --
 Later forms of will 255 --
Internal requirements of a will 257 --
Substitutions 258 --
Restrictions on the power of testation 260 --
5. Gifts out of the Inheritance 264 --
Forms of legacy 264 --
Restrictions on amount of legacies - lex Falcidia 266 --
Donatio mortis causa 266 --
Fideicommissa 267 --
Assimilation of fideicommissum , legacy , and donatio mortis causa 269 --
Codicils 270 --
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 271 --
GLOSSARY 273 --
INDEX 293 --

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