Weaver, Martin E. 1938-

Conserving buildings : guide to techniques and materials. / txt Martin E. Weaver with F.G. Matero. - xiv, 270 p. ill. ; 28 cm. book

Includes index.

Contents:
1 A General Introduction to the Conservation of Buildings 1 --
Reference 2 --
2 Investigating Old Buildings 3 --
Measuring Historic Buildings and Structures 3 --
Recording for Possible Future Use 4 --
Surveying and Recording for Contract Use 4 --
Structural Survey Records 5 --
Categories of Structural Cracks 5 --
Access to Structures for Investigations 6 --
A Preuse Checklist for Access Systems 8 --
The Inspection Kit 10 --
References 11 --
3 The Study of Building Materials 12 --
Reference 12 --
4 Restoring and Repairing Old Wooden Structures 13 --
Historic Timberwork 13 --
A Question of Species 14 --
Historic Timber Structures 16 --
Log Structures 16 --
Unusual Timber Structures 17 --
Further Reading 17 --
The Nature of Wood 18 --
Moisture Contents and Shrinkage 19 --
Wood Deterioration 19 --
Physical, Chemical, and Mechanical Factors 20 --
Biodeterioration 23 --
Bacteria 23 --
Fungi 23 --
Types of Fungi 25 --
Molds 26 --
Sapstains 26 --
Insects 26 --
Marine Borers 34 --
Plants 34 --
Animals 36 --
The Timber Defects Survey 36 --
Repair and Restoration 39 --
Wood Restoration and Conservation 39 --
Partial or Complete Replacement 40 --
Mechanical Reinforcement 40 --
Consolidation by Impregnation 42 --
Reinforcement Systems and Consolidation 43 --
Pesticides and Preservatives 46 --
The Development of the Use of Chemicals Against Pests 48 --
References 57 --
5 Restoring Stonework 58 --
Research 58 --
The Conservation of Stonework 71 --
Building and Monumental Stones of the United States 84 --
Names and Descriptions of Stones 84 --
Sources 87 --
Stone Conservation Case Histories 88 --
6 Architectural Ceramics 99 --
Bricks 99 --
Terracotta 109 --
Conclusion 131 --
Appendix on Current Manufacturers 132 --
References 132 --
7 Cementitious Materials 133 --
Mortars 133 --
Concrete 141 --
Plaster 147 --
References 158 --
Plaster Conservation Case History 159 --
8 Cleaning Masonry 161 --
Categories of Masonry Materials 161 --
Categories of Soiling and Solvents 162 --
Pollution Controls 173 --
Future Directions 174 --
Reference 175 --
9 Architectural Metalwork 175 --
General Introduction 175 --
Origins 175 --
Chemical and Physical Deterioration 175 --
Qualities and Alloys 176 --
Temperature and Pressure Effects 176 --
Atomic Structure 177 --
Galvanic Corrosion 179 --
Cathodic Protection 181 --
Forms of Corrosion 181 --
Iron and Steel 181 --
Repainting 187 --
Sheet Copperwork 190 --
Bronzes and Copper Alloys 199 --
References 215 --
10 Paints and Coatings (by Frank G. Matero) 216 --
Painting Materials 216 --
Pigments 216 --
The Vehicle or Medium 218 --
Paint Systems 220 --
Paint Failure and Common Deterioration Mechanisms 221 --
Paint Investigation and Analysis 222 --
Restoration and Conservation Treatment Techniques 226 --
Removal Methods 226 --
Retention Methods 228 --
Reattachment 228 --
Cleaning 229 --
Replication and Compensation 229 --
Bibliography 231 --
11 Architectural Glass 232 --
Glass Materials and Manufacture 232 --
Glass 233 --
Colored Glass 233 --
Glass Types 233 --
Forming the Glass 233 --
Glass Deterioration 234 --
Glass Formulae and their Effects on Durability 235 --
Crizzling and Weeping Glasses 235 --
Lead Glasses and their Deterioration 235 --
Increases in Opacity 236 --
The Deterioration of Painting on Glass 236 --
Describing Different Forms of Deterioration 236 --
Leaded Glass 236 --
Durability of Glasses in the Built Environment 236 --
The Conservation and Restoration of Glass and Glazing 237 --
References 238 --
12 Foundations and Footings 239 --
The Nature and Problems of Old Foundations and Footings 239 --
Piling 240 --
Soils and Rock 241 --
Differential Settlement 241 --
Continuous Underpinning 245 --
Prestressing and Pretesting 245 --
Piled Underpinning 246 --
Jacked Piling 246 --
Root Piles or Pale Radici 246 --
Cantilever Underpinning 247 --
Seismic Isolation Retrofitting 247 --
Bibliography 248 --
References 248 --
13 Restoring Slate Roofing 249 --
Approaching Restoration 249 --
The Nature of Slate and Some Inherent Problems 249 --
Faults Associated with Quarrying, Transport, and Laying 250 --
Failures in Slate Roofing Systems and Fixings 251 --
Underlays and Substructures 251 --
Restoration Criteria 251 --
Dimensions 251 --
Textures, Forms, Patterns, and Types 252 --
Colors and Sources 252 --
Further Reading 253 --
14 Synthetic Resins, Polymers, and Preservation 254 --
Plastics 254 --
Natural and Historic Synthetic Resins and Polymers 254 --
Resins Plus What? 256 --
Resins and Plastics in Conservation 256 --
Acrylics 256 --
Cellulosics 256 --
Polyvinyls 256 --
Epoxides 257 --
Polyesters 257 --
Silicones 257 --
Siliconates 257 --
Silanes 257 --
Oligomerous Alkylalkoxysiloxanes 258 --
Polymeric Alkylalkoxysiloxanes 258 --
Silicic Acid Esters 258 --
References 258 --
Further Reading 259 --
15 Historic Wallpapers 260 --
The Attachment of Wallpapers 262 --
The Care and Preservation of Wallpapers 262 --
The Reproduction of Old Wallpapers 263 --
Further Reading 264 --
Index 265 --



0471509450


Buildings--Conservation and restoration--Technique.
Building materials.
Buildings Conservation

NA105 / W43 1997