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Since it appeared in 1971, John Rawls's A Theory of Justice has become a classic. The author has now revised the original edition to clear up a number of difficulties he and others have found in the original book. Rawls aims to express an essential part of the common core of the democratic tradition--justice as fairness--and to provide an alternative to utilitarianism, which had dominated the Anglo-Saxon tradition of political thought since the nineteenth century. Rawls substitutes the ideal of the social contract as a more satisfactory account of the basic rights and liberties of citizens as free and equal persons. "Each person," writes Rawls, "possesses an inviolability founded on justice that even the welfare of society as a whole cannot override." Advancing the ideas of Rousseau, Kant, Emerson, and Lincoln, Rawls's theory is as powerful today as it was when first published.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Preface for the Revised Edition(p. xi)
• Preface(p. xvii)
• Part 1 Theory
• Chapter I. Justice as Fairness(p. 3)
• 1. The Role of Justice(p. 3)
• 2. The Subject of Justice(p. 6)
• 3. The Main Idea of the Theory of Justice(p. 10)
• 4. The Original Position and Justification(p. 15)
• 5. Classical Utilitarianism(p. 19)
• 6. Some Related Contrasts(p. 24)
• 7. Intuitionism(p. 30)
• 8. The Priority Problem(p. 36)
• 9. Some Remarks about Moral Theory(p. 40)
• Chapter II. The Principles of Justice(p. 47)
• 10. Institutions and Formal Justice(p. 47)
• 11. Two Principles of Justice(p. 52)
• 12. Interpretations of the Second Principle(p. 57)
• 13. Democratic Equality and the Difference Principle(p. 65)
• 14. Fair Equality of Opportunity and Pure Procedural Justice(p. 73)
• 15. Primary Social Goods as the Basis of Expectations(p. 78)
• 16. Relevant Social Positions(p. 81)
• 17. The Tendency to Equality(p. 86)
• 18. Principles for Individuals: The Principle of Fairness(p. 93)
• 19. Principles for Individuals: The Natural Duties(p. 98)
• Chapter III. The Original Position(p. 102)
• 20. The Nature of the Argument for Conceptions of Justice(p. 102)
• 21. The Presentation of Alternatives(p. 105)
• 22. The Circumstances of Justice(p. 109)
• 23. The Formal Constraints of the Concept of Right(p. 112)
• 24. The Veil of Ignorance(p. 118)
• 25. The Rationality of the Parties(p. 123)
• 26. The Reasoning Leading to the Two Principles of Justice(p. 130)
• 27. The Reasoning Leading to the Principle of Average Utility(p. 139)
• 28. Some Difficulties with the Average Principle(p. 144)
• 29. Some Main Grounds for the Two Principles of Justice(p. 153)
• 30. Classical Utilitarianism, Impartiality, and Benevolence(p. 160)
• Part 2 Institutions
• Chapter IV. Equal Liberty(p. 171)
• 31. The Four-Stage Sequence(p. 171)
• 32. The Concept of Liberty(p. 176)
• 33. Equal Liberty of Conscience(p. 180)
• 34. Toleration and the Common Interest(p. 186)
• 35. Toleration of the Intolerant(p. 190)
• 36. Political Justice and the Constitution(p. 194)
• 37. Limitations on the Principle of Participation(p. 200)
• 38. The Rule of Law(p. 206)
• 39. The Priority of Liberty Defined(p. 214)
• 40. The Kantian Interpretation of Justice as Fairness(p. 221)
• Chapter V. Distributive Shares(p. 228)
• 41. The Concept of Justice in Political Economy(p. 228)
• 42. Some Remarks about Economic Systems(p. 234)
• 43. Background Institutions for Distributive Justice(p. 242)
• 44. The Problem of Justice between Generations(p. 251)
• 45. Time Preference(p. 259)
• 46. Further Cases of Priority(p. 263)
• 47. The Precepts of Justice(p. 267)
• 48. Legitimate Expectations and Moral Desert(p. 273)
• 49. Comparison with Mixed Conceptions(p. 277)
• 50. The Principle of Perfection(p. 285)
• Chapter VI. Duty and Obligation(p. 293)
• 51. The Arguments for the Principles of Natural Duty(p. 293)
• 52. The Arguments for the Principle of Fairness(p. 301)
• 53. The Duty to Comply with an Unjust Law(p. 308)
• 54. The Status of Majority Rule(p. 313)
• 55. The Definition of Civil Disobedience(p. 319)
• 56. The Definition of Conscientious Refusal(p. 323)
• 57. The Justification of Civil Disobedience(p. 326)
• 58. The Justification of Conscientious Refusal(p. 331)
• 59. The Role of Civil Disobedience(p. 335)
• Part 3 Ends
• Chapter VII. Goodness as Rationality(p. 347)
• 60. The Need for a Theory of the Good(p. 347)
• 61. The Definition of Good for Simpler Cases(p. 350)
• 62. A Note on Meaning(p. 355)
• 63. The Definition of Good for Plans of Life(p. 358)
• 64. Deliberative Rationality(p. 365)
• 65. The Aristotelian Principle(p. 372)
• 66. The Definition of Good Applied to Persons(p. 380)
• 67. Self-Respect, Excellences, and Shame(p. 386)
• 68. Several Contrasts between the Right and the Good(p. 392)
• Chapter VIII. The Sense of Justice(p. 397)
• 69. The Concept of a Well-Ordered Society(p. 397)
• 70. The Morality of Authority(p. 405)
• 71. The Morality of Association(p. 409)
• 72. The Morality of Principles(p. 414)
• 73. Features of the Moral Sentiments(p. 420)
• 74. The Connection between Moral and Natural Attitudes(p. 425)
• 75. The Principles of Moral Psychology(p. 429)
• 76. The Problem of Relative Stability(p. 434)
• 77. The Basis of Equality(p. 441)
• Chapter IX. The Good of Justice(p. 450)
• 78. Autonomy and Objectivity(p. 450)
• 79. The Idea of Social Union(p. 456)
• 80. The Problem of Envy(p. 464)
• 81. Envy and Equality(p. 468)
• 82. The Grounds for the Priority of Liberty(p. 474)
• 83. Happiness and Dominant Ends(p. 480)
• 84. Hedonism as a Method of Choice(p. 486)
• 85. The Unity of the Self(p. 491)
• 86. The Good of the Sense of Justice(p. 496)
• 87. Concluding Remarks on Justification(p. 506)
• Conversion Table(p. 517)
• Index(p. 521)

Reseñas proporcionadas por Syndetics

CHOICE Review

Rawls's Theory of Justice is widely and justly regarded as this century's most important work of political philosophy. Originally published in 1971, it quickly became the subject of extensive commentary and criticism, which led Rawls to revise some of the arguments he had originally put forward in this work. These revisions were incorporated into the German translation of the work, which first appeared in 1975, and in all subsequent translations (numbering 23 to date). Unfortunately, English speaking readers have not had have access to the revised version until now. This edition will certainly become the definitive one; all scholars will use it, and it will be an essential text for any academic library. It contains a new preface that helpfully outlines the major revisions, and a "conversion table" that correlates the pagination of this edition with the original, which will be useful to students and scholars working with this edition and the extensive secondary literature on Rawls's work. Highly recommended for upper-division undergraduates, graduate students, faculty, and professionals. J. D. Moon; Wesleyan University

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

John Rawls, professor of philosophy at Harvard University, had published a number of articles on the concept of justice as fairness before the appearance of his magnum opus, A Theory of Justice (1971). While the articles had won for Rawls considerable prestige, the reception of his book thrust him into the front ranks of contemporary moral philosophy. Presenting a Kantian alternative to conventional utilitarianism and intuitionism, Rawls offers a theory of justice that is contractual and that rests on principles that he alleges would be accepted by free, rational persons in a state of nature, that is, of equality. The chorus of praise was loud and clear. Stuart Hampshire acclaimed the book as "the most substantial and interesting contribution to moral philosophy since the war."H. A. Bedau declared: "As a work of close and original scholarship in the service of the dominant moral and political ideology of our civilization, Rawls's treatise is simply without a rival." Rawls historically achieved two important things: (1) He articulated a coherent moral philosophy for the welfare state, and (2) he demonstrated that analytic philosophy was most capable of doing constructive work in moral philosophy. A Theory of Justice has become the most influential work in political, legal, and social philosophy by an American author in the twentieth century. (Bowker Author Biography)