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Architectural Theory: Vitruvius to 1870 is a landmark anthology that surveys the development of the field of architecture from its earliest days to the year 1870.

The first truly comprehensive anthology that brings together the classic essays in the field, the volume chronicles the major developments and trends in architecture from Vitruvius to Gottfried Semper.

Volume 1 of the first overview of architectural thought from antiquity to the present day; this volume covers 25 B.C. to 1870 Collects over 200 classic essays in the field, organized thematically for the student and scholar, covering Classicism, Neoclassicism, the Enlightenment, Romanticism, and the Gothic Includes German, French, and Italian essays appearing in English here for the first time Features a general introduction and headnotes to each essay written by a renowned expert on architectural theory.

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• Preface(p. xxi)
• General Introduction(p. xxiii)
• Part I Classicism and the Renaissance(p. 1)
• A The Classical and Medieval Traditions(p. 3)
• Introduction(p. 3)
• 1 from On Architecture, Book 1 (c.25 BC)(p. 5)
• 2 from On Architecture, Book 2 (c.25 BC)(p. 9)
• 3 from On Architecture, Book 3 (c.25 BC)(p. 11)
• 4 from On Architecture, Book 4 (c.25 BC)(p. 12)
• 5 from I Kings(p. 15)
• 6 from The Book of Ezekiel (c.586 BC)(p. 18)
• 7 from The Revelation of Jesus Christ to Saint John (c.95 AD)(p. 20)
• 8 from The Book of Suger, Abbot of Saint-Denis (c.1144)(p. 22)
• 9 from The Symbolism of Churches and Church Ornaments (1286)(p. 24)
• B Renaissance and Baroque Ideals(p. 26)
• Introduction(p. 26)
• 10 from The Life of Brunelleschi (1480s)(p. 28)
• 11 from On the Art of Building, Prologue and Book I (1443-52)(p. 30)
• 12 from On the Art of Building, Book 6 (1443-52)(p. 32)
• 13 from On the Art of Building, Book 9 (1443-52)(p. 34)
• 14 from Book 1 of his untitled treatise on architecture (1461-3)(p. 36)
• 15 from Book 8 of his untitled treatise on architecture(p. 39)
• 16 from Book 3, The Complete Works on Architecture and Perspective (1540)(p. 42)
• 17 from Preface to Rules of the Five Orders of Architecture (1562)(p. 44)
• 18 from the Four Books of Architecture (1570)(p. 46)
• 19 from Ezekiel Commentaries (1604)(p. 48)
• 20 from Preface to Lives of the Most Eminent Italian Architects, Painters, and Sculptors (1550, 1568)(p. 50)
• 21 from "Life of Michelangelo" in Lives of the Most Eminent Italian Architects, Painters, and Sculptors (1550, 1568)(p. 53)
• 22 from Preface to Palaces of Genoa (1622)(p. 55)
• Part II Classicism in France and Britain(p. 57)
• A French Classicism: Ancients and Moderns(p. 59)
• Introduction(p. 59)
• 23 from Rules for the Direction of the Mind (1628)(p. 61)
• 24 from Preface to A Parallel of the Ancient Architecture with the Modern (1650)(p. 62)
• 25 from Diary of the Cavaliere Bernini's Visit to France (1665)(p. 65)
• 26 from "Inaugural Lecture to the Academy of Architecture" (1671)(p. 70)
• 27 from Architecture Course (1675)(p. 72)
• 28 from Harmonic Architecture (1677)(p. 72)
• 29 annotations to French translation of The Ten Books of Architecture of Vitruvius (1673)(p. 74)
• 30 from Architecture Course, Vol. II (1683)(p. 76)
• 31 from The Ten Books of Architecture of Vitruvius, second edition (1684)(p. 77)
• 32 from Ordonnance for the Five Kinds of Columns After the Method of the Ancients (1683)(p. 78)
• 33 from Preface to Historical Survey of the Life and Works of the Most Celebrated Architects (1687)(p. 81)
• 34 from Preface to Parallel of the Ancients and Moderns with Regard to the Arts and Sciences (1688)(p. 82)
• 35 from "Design of a Portal for the Church of Sainte-Genevieve in Paris" (1697)(p. 83)
• 36 from Critical Memoirs on Architecture (1702)(p. 84)
• 37 from New Treatise on All Architecture or the Art of Building (1706, 1714)(p. 86)
• B British Classicism and Palladianism(p. 88)
• Introduction(p. 88)
• 38 from The Elements of Architecture (1624)(p. 89)
• 39 from Tract I on architecture (mid-1670s)(p. 91)
• 40 from Tracts II and IV on architecture (mid-1670s)(p. 93)
• 41 from Characteristics of Men, Manners, Opinions, Times (1711)(p. 94)
• 42 from "A Letter Concerning Design" (1712)(p. 98)
• 43 Introduction to Vitruvius Britannicus, Vol. I (1715)(p. 101)
• 44 Translator's Preface to The Architecture of A. Palladio (1715)(p. 103)
• 45 "Advertisement" to The Designs of Inigo Jones (1727)(p. 106)
• 46 Introduction to A Book of Architecture (1728)(p. 107)
• 47 from An Essay in Defence of Ancient Architecture (1728)(p. 109)
• 48 from Of False Taste (1731)(p. 112)
• 49 "Advertisement" to Andrea Palladio: The Four Books of Architecture (1737)(p. 114)
• 50 from "An Essay upon Harmony" (1739)(p. 115)
• Part III Neoclassicism and the Enlightenment(p. 119)
• A Early Neoclassicism(p. 121)
• Introduction(p. 121)
• 51 from Preface to Outline for a Historical Architecture (1721)(p. 122)
• 52 from Philosophic Letters on the English (1733)(p. 123)
• 53 from "Memoir on Architectural Proportions" (1739)(p. 125)
• 54 from "Memoir on Gothic Architecture" (1741)(p. 126)
• 55 from Notes for a projected treatise on architecture (c. 1740s)(p. 127)
• 56 from Preface to The Spirit of the Laws (1748)(p. 130)
• 57 from "Discourse on the Sciences and Arts" (1750)(p. 132)
• 58 from "Preliminary Discourse of the Editors" (1751)(p. 135)
• 59 from "Architecture" in Diderot's Encyclopedia (1751)(p. 138)
• 60 from Preface to Treatise on Essential Beauty in the Arts (1752)(p. 140)
• 61 from Essay on Architecture (1753)(p. 141)
• 62 from Essay on Architecture (1753)(p. 144)
• 63 from A Complete Body of Architecture, Chapter II (1756)(p. 147)
• 64 from A Complete Body of Architecture, Chapter IX (1756)(p. 148)
• 65 from A Treatise on Civil Architecture (1759)(p. 150)
• 66 from A Treatise on the Decorative Part of Civil Architecture (1791)(p. 152)
• B Greece and the Classical Ideal(p. 154)
• Introduction(p. 154)
• 67 from "Proposals for publishing an accurate description of the Antiquities of Athens" (1748)(p. 155)
• 68 from The Ruins of Palmyra (1753)(p. 158)
• 69 from Reflections on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and Sculpture (1755)(p. 159)
• 70 from "A Dialogue on Taste" in The Investigator (1755)(p. 163)
• 71 from The Ruins of the Most Beautiful Monuments of Greece (1758)(p. 165)
• 72 from The Ruins of the Most Beautiful Monuments of Greece (1758)(p. 168)
• 73 from Preface to The Antiquities of Athens (1762)(p. 169)
• 74 from History of the Art of Antiquity (1764)(p. 172)
• 75 from History of the Art of Antiquity (1764)(p. 174)
• 76 from History of the Art of Antiquity (1764)(p. 176)
• 77 from "Observations on the Letter of Monsieur Mariette" (1765)(p. 178)
• 78 from Opinions on Architecture (1765)(p. 185)
• 79 from "An Apologetical Essay in Defence of the Egyptian and Tuscan Architecture" (1769)(p. 188)
• C Character and Expression(p. 190)
• Introduction(p. 190)
• 80 from Book of Architecture (1745)(p. 191)
• 81 from Essay on the Origin of Human Knowledge (1746)(p. 193)
• 82 from History of the Arrangement and Different Forms that the Christians Have Given to Their Churches (1764)(p. 195)
• 83 from Course of Architecture (1771)(p. 197)
• 84 from The Genius of Architecture (1780)(p. 199)
• 85 from The Genius of Architecture (1780)(p. 201)
• 86 from Letters on the Architecture of the Ancients and the Moderns (1787)(p. 204)
• 87 from Methodical Encyclopedia (1788)(p. 206)
• 88 from Architecture, Essay on Art (c.1794)(p. 210)
• 89 from Architecture, Essay on Art (c.1794)(p. 213)
• 90 from Architecture Considered in Relation to Art, Morals, and Legislation (1804)(p. 216)
• 91 from Royal Academy Lectures on Architecture (V and XI; 1812-15)(p. 218)
• Part IV Theories of the Picturesque and the Sublime(p. 221)
• A Sources of the Picturesque(p. 223)
• Introduction(p. 223)
• 92 from An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)(p. 224)
• 93 from "Upon the Gardens of Epicurus; or, of Gardening in the Year 1685" (1692)(p. 229)
• 94 from Letter to the Duchess of Marlborough (1709)(p. 230)
• 95 from "The Moralists" (1709)(p. 232)
• 96 from The Spectator (1712)(p. 234)
• 97 from The Villas of the Ancients Illustrated (1728)(p. 239)
• 98 from New Principles of Gardening (1728)(p. 241)
• 99 from Lectures on Architecture (1736)(p. 243)
• 100 from Designs of Chinese Buildings (1757)(p. 245)
• B Toward a Relativist Aesthetics(p. 249)
• Introduction(p. 249)
• 101 from An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, fourth edition (1700)(p. 250)
• 102 from The Spectator (1712)(p. 253)
• 103 from Critical Reflections on Poetry, Painting, and Music (1719)(p. 256)
• 104 from An Inquiry into the Original of our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue (1725)(p. 258)
• 105 from the "Third Dialogue" of Alciphron (1732)(p. 261)
• 106 from A Treatise of Human Nature (1739-40)(p. 266)
• 107 from "A Dialogue on Taste" in The Investigator (1755)(p. 267)
• 108 from An Essay on Taste (1756)(p. 269)
• 109 from "Of the Standard of Taste" (1757)(p. 271)
• 110 from A Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful (1757)(p. 273)
• 111 from A Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful (1757)(p. 277)
• 112 from Elements of Criticism (1762)(p. 284)
• 113 from Preface to The Works in Architecture of Robert and James Adam (1773-8)(p. 286)
• C Consolidation of Picturesque Theory(p. 290)
• Introduction(p. 290)
• 114 from Observations on Modern Gardening (1770)(p. 291)
• 115 from "The History of the Modern Taste in Gardening" (1771)(p. 295)
• 116 from A Dissertation on Oriental Gardening (1772)(p. 298)
• 117 from Observations on the River Wye (1782)(p. 300)
• 118 from Discourses on Art (1786)(p. 303)
• 119 from Plans, Elevations, and Sections of Buildings (1788)(p. 305)
• 120 from Essays on the Picturesque (1794)(p. 307)
• 121 from "Postscript" to The Landscape, second edition (1795)(p. 312)
• 122 from Sketches and Hints on Landscape Gardening (1795)(p. 316)
• 123 from "An Essay on Architecture and Buildings as connected with Scenery" (1798)(p. 319)
• 124 from An Analytical Inquiry into the Principles of Taste (1805)(p. 322)
• 125 from Royal Academy Lectures on Architecture, V, VIII, and XI (1812-15)(p. 325)
• Part V The Rise of Historicism in the Nineteenth Century(p. 331)
• A Challenges to Classicism in France, 1802-34(p. 333)
• Introduction(p. 333)
• 126 from Precis of the Lectures on Architecture (1802)(p. 334)
• 127 from On Egyptian Architecture (1803)(p. 338)
• 128 from Archaeology of the Architecture of the Greeks and Romans (1801)(p. 340)
• 129 from The Olympian Jupiter (1814)(p. 341)
• 130 from "On the Aegina Marbles" (1819)(p. 343)
• 131 annotations to Stuart and Revett's The Antiquities of Athens, second edition (1825)(p. 344)
• 132 from The Temple of Apollo at Bassae in Arcadia (1826)(p. 345)
• 133 from "Polychrome Architecture Among the Greeks" (1830)(p. 347)
• 134 from Preliminary Remarks on Polychrome Architecture and Sculpture in Antiquity (1834)(p. 348)
• 135 excerpts from three letters of 1829, 1830, and 1831(p. 351)
• 136 from To Artists (1830)(p. 353)
• 137 from The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (1832)(p. 356)
• 138 from Preliminary Remarks on Polychrome Architecture and Sculpture in Antiquity (1834)(p. 357)
• 139 from "Architecture" in the New Encyclopedia (1834)(p. 359)
• B The Gothic Revival in Britain, Germany, and France(p. 362)
• Introduction(p. 362)
• 140 from Letter to H. Zouch (1759)(p. 363)
• 141 from A Description of the Villa of Horace Walpole at Strawberry Hill (1774)(p. 364)
• 142 from "On German Architecture" (1772)(p. 366)
• 143 from The Genius of Christianity (1802)(p. 368)
• 144 from Notes on a Trip through the Netherlands (1806)(p. 370)
• 145 from "The Cathedral in Cologne" (1814)(p. 373)
• 146 from Monuments of German Architecture (1815-21)(p. 375)
• 147 from An Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of English Architecture (1817)(p. 376)
• 148 from Architectural Notes on German Churches (1830)(p. 378)
• 149 from Remarks on the Architecture of the Middle Ages (1835)(p. 381)
• 150 from Contrasts (1836)(p. 383)
• 151 from The True Principles of Pointed or Christian Architecture (1841)(p. 385)
• 152 from The Ecclesiologist (1841)(p. 386)
• 153 from The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (1832)(p. 388)
• 154 from "Architecture" in the New Encyclopedia (1834)(p. 390)
• 155 from "On the Construction of Religious Buildings in France" (1844)(p. 391)
• C The German Style Debate(p. 395)
• Introduction(p. 395)
• 156 from Critique of Judgment (1790)(p. 396)
• 157 from Lectures on Literature and the Fine Arts (1801-2)(p. 398)
• 158 from "Some Thoughts on the Necessity of Endeavoring to Unify the Various Departments of Architecture..." (1799)(p. 399)
• 159 Literary fragments (c.1805)(p. 401)
• 160 from The Philosophy of Fine Art (1820s)(p. 403)
• 161 from Letter to Johann Martin von Wagner (1828)(p. 406)
• 162 from In What Style Should We Build? (1828)(p. 407)
• 163 from "Remarks on the Book: In What Style Should We Build?" (1829)(p. 410)
• 164 from Notes for a textbook on architecture (c.1830)(p. 412)
• 165 from Notes for a textbook on architecture (c.1835)(p. 414)
• 166 from "Thoughts on the Development of a National Architectural Style for the Present" (1841)(p. 415)
• 167 from "Remarks on the Architectural Questions Broached by Professor Stier..." (1845)(p. 417)
• 168 from "Contribution to the Contemporary Question: In What Style Should One Build!" (1845)(p. 419)
• 169 from "The Principles of the Hellenic and Germanic Ways of Building" (1846)(p. 421)
• D The Rise of American Theory(p. 425)
• Introduction(p. 425)
• 170 Letters (1787, 1791, 1805, 1810)(p. 426)
• 171 from Letter to Thomas Jefferson (1807)(p. 432)
• 172 from "On Architecture" (1814)(p. 435)
• 173 from Introductory lecture on architecture (1824)(p. 437)
• 174 from "Of Modern Architecture" (1841)(p. 439)
• 175 from "Architecture in the United States" (1844)(p. 440)
• 176 from "The Cultivation of True Taste" (1851)(p. 443)
• 177 from "Self-Reliance" (1841)(p. 444)
• 178 from "Thoughts on Art" (1841)(p. 446)
• 179 from Letter to Washington Allston (1831)(p. 449)
• 180 from "American Architecture" (1843)(p. 452)
• 181 from "Structure and Organization" (1852)(p. 454)
• 182 from his journal (January 11, 1852)(p. 456)
• 183 from A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening (1841)(p. 457)
• 184 from Cottage Residences (1842)(p. 460)
• 185 from Hints to Persons about Building in the Country (1847)(p. 462)
• 186 from The Architecture of Country Houses (1850)(p. 464)
• 187 from Villas and Cottages (1857)(p. 465)
• 188 from The Art-Idea (1864)(p. 468)
• Part VI Historicism in the Industrial Age(p. 471)
• A The Battle of the Styles in Britain(p. 473)
• Introduction(p. 473)
• 189 from Observations on the Plans and Elevations Designed by James Wyatt (1804)(p. 474)
• 190 from An Historical Essay on Architecture (1835)(p. 476)
• 191 from "Preliminary Discourse before the University College of London" (1842)(p. 478)
• 192 from The Seven Lamps of Architecture (1849)(p. 479)
• 193 from The Builder (1850)(p. 482)
• 194 from Rudimentary Treatise on the Principles of Design in Architecture (1850)(p. 488)
• 195 from "The Nature of Gothic" (1851-3)(p. 490)
• 196 from The Industrial Arts of the Nineteenth Century (1851)(p. 493)
• 197 from "Supplementary Report on Design" (1852)(p. 495)
• 198 from The Grammar of Ornament (1856)(p. 497)
• 199 from "The Deteriorative Power of Conventional Art over Nations" (1859)(p. 499)
• 200 "The Battle of the Styles," from The Builder (1860)(p. 500)
• 201 from History of the Modern Styles of Architecture (1862)(p. 502)
• 202 Prospectus for Morris, Marshall, Faulkner and Company (1861)(p. 503)
• B Rationalism, Eclecticism, and Realism in France(p. 505)
• Introduction(p. 505)
• 203 from "Studies of Architecture in France" (1844)(p. 506)
• 204 from "On the Construction of Religious Building in France" (1845)(p. 508)
• 205 from "On Liberty in Art" (1847)(p. 510)
• 206 from Treatise on Architecture (1850)(p. 512)
• 207 from "Architecture" in Reasoned Dictionary (1854)(p. 513)
• 208 from "Statement on Realism" (1855)(p. 515)
• 209 from "The Painter of Modern Life" (1859)(p. 516)
• 210 from Lectures on Architecture, Lecture VI (1859)(p. 518)
• 211 from Revue generale, Vol. 21 (1863)(p. 521)
• 212 from Revue generale, Vol. 23 (1866)(p. 522)
• 213 from "Salon of 1866"(p. 524)
• 214 from "Style" in Reasoned Dictionary (1866)(p. 525)
• 215 from Lectures on Architecture, Lecture XII (1866)(p. 526)
• 216 from The Covered Market of Paris (1872)(p. 527)
• C Tectonics and Style in Germany(p. 529)
• Introduction(p. 529)
• 217 from Dutch Letters (1834)(p. 530)
• 218 from Greek Tectonics (1843)(p. 531)
• 219 from "Suggestions on the Skillful Relation of Ornament to Untreated Form" (1845)(p. 533)
• 220 from The Structural Element in Architecture (1849)(p. 534)
• 221 from The Four Elements of Architecture (1851)(p. 536)
• 222 from Science, Industry, and Art (1852)(p. 540)
• 223 from The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy (1860)(p. 545)
• 224 from The History of the Italian Renaissance (1867)(p. 546)
• 225 from Style in the Technical and Tectonic Arts (1860)(p. 547)
• 226 from Style in the Technical and Tectonic Arts (1860)(p. 551)
• 227 from History of German Aesthetics (1868)(p. 555)
• 228 from On Architectural Style (1869)(p. 556)
• 229 from "On the Meaning and Power of Space in Architecture" (1869)(p. 558)
• Additional Recommended Readings(p. 561)
• Acknowledgments(p. 568)
• Index(p. 583)

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CHOICE Review

This remarkable book is the first volume of a two-part anthology of European architectural theory from ancient times to 1870. The second volume will cover the period since 1870. Mallgrave, professor of history and theory (Illinois Institute of Technology), is the author of Modern Architectural Theory (CH, Jan'06, 43-2625), already a classic in its field. There has long been a need for the book at hand in architecture schools and even for the general public. The book carries two special virtues. First, Mallgrave has cast a wide net, reprinting some 200 texts from a wide variety of sources, not just the standard academic treatises. Second, he has provided absolutely brilliant introductions to each passage, reflecting and refracting all the subtleties and nuances of the writing, including a generous amount of historical background material (social and political movements and events). All in all, this is an absolutely brilliant performance that will be required reading for decades to come. Hooray for Professor Mallgrave and for the Getty Institute, which made it possible to produce the book. ^BSumming Up: Essential. All levels. P. Kaufman Boston Architectural Center

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

Harry Francis Mallgrave is Professor of History and Theory at the Illinois Institute of Technology. His l996 book Gottfried Semper: Architect of the Nineteenth Century was awarded the Alice Davis Hitchcock Award by the Society of Architectural Historians. He is also the author of Modern Architectural Theory 1673-1968 published in 2005.