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The fourth edition of this text presents a comprehensive and detailed examination of the theory of juvenile justice with an emphasis on the practice. Written at an accessible level with appropriate pedagogy, this text should help the reader understand and appreciate all aspects of the field.

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• 1 Juvenile Justice in Historical Perspective
• Juvenile Justice Historically
• Continuing Dilemmas in Juvenile Justice
• 2 Defining and Measuring Offenses By and Against
• Juveniles Legal Definitions Behavioral
• Definitions Official Statistics: Sources and Problems
• Unofficial Sources of Data
• 3 Characteristics of Juvenile Offenders
• Social Factors
• Physical Factors
• 4 Theories of Causation Scientific
• Theory Some Early Theories
• The Biological School Psychological
• Theories Sociological Theories
• 5 Purpose and Scope of Juvenile Court
• Acts Purpose Scope
• 6 Juvenile Justice Procedures Rights of Juveniles
• Taking Into Custody
• The Detention Hearing Detention/Shelter Care
• The Preliminary Conference
• The Petition Notification
• The Adjudicatory Hearing
• The Social Background of the Investigation
• The Dispositional Hearing Appeals
• 7 Juveniles and the Police
• Police Discretion in Encounters with Juveniles
• Unofficial Procedures Official
• Procedures Training and Competence of Juvenile Officers Police/School
• Consultant and Liaison Programs Community
• Oriented Policing and Juveniles
• Police and Juvenile Court
• 8 Key Figures in Juvenile Court Proceedings
• The Prosecutor Defense Counsel
• The Relationship Between the Prosecutor and Defense
• Counsel -- Adversary or Cooperative?
• The Juvenile Court Judge
• The Juvenile Probation Officer Children and Family Services
• Personnel Training and Competence of Juvenile Court Personnel
• 9 Prevention and Diversion Programs
• Prevention Diversion and Prevention
• Programs Some Examples of Prevention and Diversion Programs
• Some Criticisms Child Abuse and Neglect
• Prevention Programs
• 10 Dispositional Alternatives Probation Foster Homes Juvenile Corrections
• The Dilemmas of Juvenile Corrections
• Some Possible Solutions
• 11 Violence By and Against Juveniles Violent Youth Public, Legislative, and Judicial Reaction
• Alternatives to Incarceration for Violent
• Youth Violence
• Against Youth Intervention
• 12 Gangs
• A Brief History of Gangs
• The Nature of Street Gangs Delinquent and Criminal Gang Activities
• Gang Membership Gang Member
• Profile Response of Justice
• Network to Gangs
• 13 Summary and Conclusions Challenges for the Juvenile
• Justice System Challenges for Practitioners
• Selected Readings
• Appendices
• A Uniform Juvenile Court Act
• B The Gault Decision
• C The Kent Decision
• D The Winship Decision
• References
• Index