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New Edition: Facts and Mysteries in Elementary Particle Physics (Revised Edition) This book provides a comprehensive overview of modern particle physics accessible to anyone with a true passion for wanting to know how the universe works. We are introduced to the known particles of the world we live in. An elegant explanation of quantum mechanics and relativity paves the way for an understanding of the laws that govern particle physics. These laws are put into action in the world of accelerators, colliders and detectors found at institutions such as CERN and Fermilab that are in the forefront of technical innovation. Real world and theory meet using Feynman diagrams to solve the problems of infinities and deduce the need for the Higgs boson.Facts and Mysteries in Elementary Particle Physics offers an incredible insight from an eyewitness and participant in some of the greatest discoveries in 20th century science. From Einstein's theory of relativity to the elusive Higgs particle, this book will fascinate and educate anyone interested in the world of quarks, leptons and gauge theories.This book also contains many thumbnail sketches of particle physics personalities, including contemporaries as seen through the eyes of the author. Illustrated with pictures, these candid sketches present rare, perceptive views of the characters that populate the field.The Chapter on Particle Theory, in a pre-publication, was termed "superbly lucid" by David Miller in Nature (Vol. 396, 17 Dec. 1998, p. 642).

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Introduction(p. 1)
• Acknowledgments(p. 5)
• Further Reading(p. 5)
• Thumbnail Sketches(p. 6)
• Equations(p. 7)
• 1 Preliminaries(p. 8)
• 1.1 Atoms, Nuclei and Particles(p. 8)
• 1.2 Photons(p. 15)
• 1.3 Antiparticles(p. 19)
• 1.4 Mass and Energy(p. 21)
• 1.5 Events(p. 24)
• 1.6 Electron-Volts and Other Units(p. 30)
• 1.7 Particle Names and the Greek Alphabet(p. 32)
• 1.8 Scientific Notation(p. 33)
• 2 The Standard Model(p. 35)
• 2.1 Introduction(p. 35)
• 2.2 Conservation of Energy and Charge(p. 40)
• 2.3 Quantum Numbers(p. 43)
• 2.4 Color(p. 45)
• 2.5 The Electron-Neutrino, Electron Number and Crossing(p. 49)
• 2.6 The First Family(p. 53)
• 2.7 Families and Forces(p. 55)
• 2.8 The Spin 1/2 Particles(p. 62)
• 2.9 The Spin 1 and 2 Particles(p. 68)
• 2.10 Forces and Interactions(p. 69)
• 2.11 Classification of Interactions(p. 71)
• 2.12 Electromagnetic, Weak, Strong, Higgs and Gravitational Interactions(p. 75)
• 2.13 Representing Interactions(p. 77)
• 2.14 The Origin of Quantum Numbers(p. 83)
• 3 Quantum Mechanics. Mixing(p. 85)
• 3.1 Introduction(p. 85)
• 3.2 The Two-Slit Experiment(p. 88)
• 3.3 Amplitude and Probability(p. 92)
• 3.4 Cabibbo and CKM Mixing(p. 99)
• 3.5 Neutrino Mixing(p. 108)
• 3.6 Particle Mixing(p. 109)
• 4 Energy, Momentum and Mass-Shell(p. 115)
• 4.1 Introduction(p. 115)
• 4.2 Conservation Laws(p. 118)
• 4.3 Relativity(p. 126)
• 4.4 Relativistic Invariance(p. 131)
• 4.5 The Relation E = mc[superscript 2](p. 136)
• 5 Detection(p. 140)
• 5.1 Introduction(p. 140)
• 5.2 Photoelectric Effect(p. 146)
• 5.3 Bubble Chambers(p. 152)
• 5.4 Spark Chambers(p. 157)
• 5.5 Proportional Wire Chambers(p. 159)
• 6 Accelerators and Storage Rings(p. 161)
• 6.1 Energy Bubbles(p. 161)
• 6.2 Accelerators(p. 165)
• 6.3 Secondary Beams(p. 178)
• 6.4 The Machine Builders(p. 181)
• 7 The CERN Neutrino Experiment(p. 189)
• 7.1 Introduction(p. 189)
• 7.2 Experimental Set-up(p. 195)
• 7.3 Neutrino Physics(p. 200)
• 7.4 The First Neutrino Experiments(p. 205)
• 7.5 Vector Bosons(p. 208)
• 7.6 Missed Opportunities(p. 213)
• 7.7 Epilogue(p. 218)
• 8 The Particle Zoo(p. 219)
• 8.1 Introduction(p. 219)
• 8.2 Bound States(p. 222)
• 8.3 The Structure of Quark Bound States(p. 225)
• 8.4 Spin of a Bound State(p. 229)
• 8.5 Mesons(p. 230)
• 8.6 Baryons(p. 234)
• 8.7 Exotics(p. 236)
• 8.8 Discovering Quarks(p. 237)
• 8.9 Triplets versus Doublets and Lepton-Quark Symmetry(p. 241)
• 9 Particle Theory(p. 244)
• 9.1 Introduction(p. 244)
• 9.2 Feynman Rules(p. 246)
• 9.3 Infinities(p. 255)
• 9.4 Perturbation Theory(p. 258)
• 9.5 Renormalizability(p. 264)
• 9.6 Weak Interactions(p. 267)
• 9.7 Compton Scattering(p. 270)
• 9.8 Neutral Vector Bosons(p. 273)
• 9.9 Charmed Quarks(p. 276)
• 9.10 The Higgs Particle(p. 279)
• 9.11 General Higgs Couplings(p. 281)
• 9.12 Speculations(p. 282)
• 9.13 [rho]-Parameter(p. 283)
• 10 Finding the Higgs(p. 285)
• 11 Quantum Chromodynamics(p. 293)
• 11.1 Introduction(p. 293)
• 11.2 Confinement(p. 295)
• 11.3 Asymptotic Freedom(p. 297)
• 11.4 Scaling(p. 300)
• 12 Epilogue(p. 304)
• Name Index(p. 309)
• Subject Index(p. 317)
• Photo Credits(p. 337)

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CHOICE Review

This remarkable book by physics Nobel Prize winner Veltman provides an essentially nonmathematical treatment of modern particle physics. Veltman starts with some basic concepts and definitions, then discusses the so-called standard model of particle physics, followed by brief introductions to relativity and quantum mechanics. Next come discussions of the experimental apparatus of particle physics, i.e., accelerators and particle detectors, an explanation of the particle "zoo," and finally, quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the interaction of gluons and quarks. A fascinating feature is the inclusion of more than 80 brief and occasionally humorous biological sketches of most of the physicists who have contributed significantly to the development of particle physics. Although some of the discussions of quantum mechanics and particle theory may be a little difficult to follow for those with no physics background, the wonderful feature of the book is that it should be extremely useful to almost anyone with an interest in this field, ranging from high school students and interested laypersons to physicists in other fields. Enthusiastically recommended as an addition to any library. ^BSumming Up: Highly recommended. General readers; lower-division undergraduates through graduate students; two-year technical program students. R. L. Stearns emeritus, Vassar College

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

Martinus Veltman, born in 1931 in Waalwijk, the Netherlands, studied at the University of Utrecht. He started as a fellow at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, and later became Professor of Theoretical Physics in Utrecht. Together with his then student 't Hooft he developed the mathematical implementation of gauge theories. In 1977 he deduced an equation that allowed a prediction of the mass of the top quark. In 1981 he accepted a position at the University of Michigan. After retirement he moved back to the Netherlands. The top quark with a mass as predicted was found at Fermilab in 1995, and in 1999 't Hooft and Veltman were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics"