Descripciones mejoradas de Syndetics:

The law of the sea provides for the regulation, management and governance of the ocean spaces that cover over two-thirds of the Earth's surface. This book provides a fresh explanation of the foundational principles of the law of the sea, a critical overview of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and an analysis of subsequent developments including the many bilateral, regional and global agreements that supplement the Convention.

The book takes as its focus the rules and institutions established by the Convention on the Law of the Sea and places the achievements of the Convention in both historical and contemporary context. All of the main areas of the law of the sea are addressed including the foundations and sources of the law, the nature and extent of the maritime zones, the delimitation of overlapping maritime boundaries, the place of archipelagic and other special states in the law of the sea, navigational rights and freedoms, military activities at sea, and marine resource and conservation issues including fisheries, marine environmental protection, and dispute settlement.

As the Convention is now over a quarter of a century old the book takes stock of contemporary oceans issues that are not adequately addressed by the convention. Overarching challenges facing the law of the sea are considered, including how new maritime security initiatives can be reconciled with traditional navigational rights and freedoms, how declines in the health of marine ecosystems can be halted through strengthened legal regimes, and how the law of the sea can regulate ocean space in the Polar regions as global warming opens up new possibilities for resource exploitation.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• 1 The History and Sources of the International Law of the Sea
• I Introduction
• II Historical Development of the International Law of the Sea
• A The Grotian View of the Oceans
• B The Freedom of the Sea and Territorial Sea Claims
• C 1930 Hague Conference
• D Truman Proclamation
• III Work of the International Law Commission
• IV The First United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea and the Geneva Conventions
• V The Second United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea
• VI The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea
• A Claims to New Maritime Zones in the 1960s
• B The Regime of the Deep Seabed
• C UNCLOS III Conference Dynamics
• D The United States Position on Common Heritage and the Deep Seabed
• VII The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
• A Core Provisions
• B Entry into Force
• C 1994 Implementing Agreement
• D 1995 Fish Stocks Agreement
• VIII Institutional Frameworks
• IX Sources of the International Law of the Sea
• A Customary International Law
• B Treaties and Conventions
• C Unilateral Declarations
• D Subsidiary Sources of Law
• E Soft Law
• X Challenges for the International Law of the Sea
• A Climate Change
• B Marine Environmental Security
• C Creeping Jurisdiction
• XI Review and Reform of the International Law of the Sea
• XII Further Reading
• 2 Coastal Waters
• I Introduction
• II History
• III Baselines
• A The Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case
• B International Law Commission
• I International Law Commission Draft Articles
• C UNCLOS I
• D Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone
• E Post-UNCLOS I State Practice
• F LOSC
• IV Key Issues in the Delimitation of Coastal Waters
• A Low-water
• B Straight Baselines
• C Low-tide Elevation
• D Juridical Bays
• E Historic Bays
• F Contemporary State Practice
• V Internal Waters
• A Views of the ILC
• B Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone
• C LOSCD. State Practice
• I Territorial Sovereign Rights and Internal Waters
• ii Port Access
• iii Jurisdiction over Foreign Ships in Port
• VI Further Reading
• 3 Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone
• I Introduction
• II Territorial Sea in Customary International Law
• III Codification of the Territorial Sea
• A The Views of the International Associations
• B International Law Commission
• C UNCLOS I
• D Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone
• E UNCLOS II
• F State Practice
• IV UNCLOS III and the
• LOSCV Contemporary Territorial Sea in State Practice
• A Breadth of the Territorial Sea
• B Sovereignty and Jurisdiction
• C Innocent and Transit Passage
• VI Contiguous Zone
• A ILC
• B UNCLOS I and the Geneva Convention
• C UNCLOS III and the LOSC
• D State Practice
• VII Further Reading
• 4 The Exclusive Economic Zone
• I Introduction
• II The Concept of the EEZ
• III Breadth of the EEZ and its Relationship with Other Maritime Zones
• IV Coastal State Rights and Obligations in the EEZ
• A Sovereign Rights
• i Living Resources
• ii Non-Living Resources
• B Jurisdictional Rights
• i Artificial Islands, Installations and Structures
• ii Marine Scientific Research
• iii Marine Environmental Protection
• V Rights and Duties of Other States in the EEZ
• A Navigation and Overflight
• i Environmental Security
• ii Military Security
• B Submarine Cables and Pipelines
• VI Future Developments
• VII Further Reading
• 5 The Continental Shelf
• I Introduction
• II The Truman Proclamation
• III UNCLOS I and the Geneva Convention
• A Work of the International Law Commission
• B The Convention on the Continental Shelf
• C North Sea Continental Shelf Cases
• IV UNCLOS III
• V LOSC
• A Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf
• B Rights and Duties of Coastal and Other States
• C Relationship with the EEZ Regime
• VI Further Reading
• 6 The Deep Seabed
• I Introduction
• II The Deep Seabed: Environment and Resources
• III Early Debates: Sedentary Fisheries and the Deep Seabed
• IV The Moratorium Resolution and Principles Resolution
• V UNCLOS III
• A Reciprocating States
• RegimeVI The LOSC and 1994 Agreement
• A The Main Revisions in the 1994 Agreement
• VII The International Seabed Authority and the Seabed Mining System
• A The ISBA
• i The Assembly
• ii The Council
• iii Recent Activities of the ISBA and the Mining Code
• B Main Elements of the Deep Seabed Mining Regime
• VIII Further Reading
• 7 High Seas
• I Introduction
• A The High Seas as a Managed Common Area
• II Historical Development of the High Seas
• A Pre-Grotian Freedoms of the High Seas
• B Grotian Vision of the High Seas
• C High Seas in Customary International Law
• i Jurisdiction over Vessels on the High Seas
• III Codification of the High Seas Regime
• A Pre-Geneva Codifications
• B Work of the ILC
• C UNCLOS I
• D UNCLOS III
• IV The LOSC and the High Seas
• A Freedom of the High Seas
• i Freedom of Navigation
• ii Freedom of Overflight
• iii Freedom to Lay Submarine Cables and Pipelines
• iv Freedom to Construct Artificial Islands and other Installations
• v Freedom of Fishing
• vi Freedom of Scientific Research
• B Shipping
• i Nationality of Ships
• ii Duties of the Flag State
• iii Immunities
• iv Collisions
• v Assistance to Persons at Sea
• C Prohibitions
• i Piracy
• ii Slavery
• iii Drug Trafficking
• iv Unauthorised Broadcasting
• D Enforcement
• E Conservation and Management of Living Resources
• F Relationship with Other Maritime Zones
• V Further Reading
• 8 Archipelagic States
• I Archipelagos and International Law
• II Early Codifications
• III UNCLOS I
• IV The Indonesian and Philippines Claims
• A Indonesia
• B The Philippines
• V UNCLOS III
• VI The LOSC and Archipelagic States
• A Archipelagic States
• B Archipelagic Baselines
• C The Legal Status of Archipelagic Waters
• D Archipelagic State Practice
• i Proclaimed Archipelagic States
• ii Archipelagic State Rights over Archipelagic Waters
• VII Further Reading
• 9 Landlocked and Geographically Disadvantaged States
• I Introduction
• II Landlocked States and Access to the Sea
• A Early Developments
• B UNCLOS I
• C Post-UNCLOS I Developments
• D The LOSC
• III Landlocked States and Rights of Navigation
• IV Landlocked and Geographically Disadvantaged States and Marine Resources
• A Living Resources of the EEZ
• B Living Resources of the High Seas
• C Mineral Resources of the Area
• D Marine Scientific Research and Transfer of Marine Technology
• V Further Reading
• 10 Navigational Rights and Freedoms
• I Freedom of the Seas and Navigational Rights and Freedoms
• A Traditional Interests
• B Contemporary Interests
• II Customary International Law Prior to UNCLOS I
• A Early State Practice
• B The Corfu Channel Case
• III UNCLOS I and the Geneva Conventions
• A The Work of the International Law Commission
• B UNCLOS I
• IV UNCLOS III and the LOSC
• V Territorial Sea
• A Coastal State Rights in the Territorial Sea
• B The Right of Innocent Passage
• C Coastal State Rights and Duties Regarding Innocent Passage
• i Prevention of Passage
• ii Regulation of Passage
• iii Obligation not to Hamper Innocent Passage
• iv Sea Lanes and Traffic Separation Schemes
• D The Rights of Foreign Flagged Vessels
• E Warships
• F Nuclear Vessels and Vessels Carrying Hazardous Substances
• G Vessels in Distress
• VI High Seas
• VII Exclusive Economic Zone
• VIII Further Reading
• 11 International Straits and Archipelagic Navigation
• I Recognising Rights of Navigation through Straits
• A The Corfu Channel Case
• B The ILC and UNCLOS I
• II UNCLOS III Deliberations and the LOSC
• A The Straits Regime
• B The Archipelagic Regime
• III International Straits
• A Categories of Straits
• B The Regime of Transit Passage
• i The Act of Transit
• ii Duties of Ships and Aircraft in Transit
• iii Obligations of Strait States
• iv Regulation of Transit Passage
• v Enforcement of Strait State Laws and Regulations
• C Navigation in Specific International Straits
• i Turkish Straits
• ii Strait of Gibraltar
• iii Straits of Malacca and Singapore
• iv Torres Strait
• IV Archipelagic Navigation
• A Innocent Passage within Archipelagic Waters
• B Archipelagic Sea Lanes Passage
• i Navigation in the 'Normal Mode'
• ii Navigation within Archipelagic Sea Lanes
• iii Designation of Archipelagic Sea Lanes
• iv Obligations while Undertaking Archipelagic Sea Lanes Passage
• v Obligations of the Archipelagic State
• C State Practice Designating Archipelagic Sea Lanes
• V Further Reading
• 12 Military Uses of the Oceans
• I Introduction
• II Historical Overview
• III International Law and Naval Operations
• A Law of Naval Warfare
• B United Nations-Sanctioned Naval Operations
• IV Codification of the Law of the Sea
• A Work of the International Law Commission
• B UNCLOS I and the Geneva Conventions
• C UNCLOS III and the LOSC
• V Navigational Rights and Freedoms
• A Innocent Passage by Warships
• B Transit Passage by Warships
• C Archipelagic Sea Lanes Passage by Warships
• D EEZ Navigation by Warships
• i Military Survey Activities
• VI Naval Operations at Sea
• A United Nations Sanctioned Interdictions
• B Proliferation Security Initiative
• C Weapons Testing and Military Manoeuvres
• D Demilitarised and Nuclear Free Zones
• VII Overflight by Military Aircraft
• VIII Further Reading
• 13 Marine Resource Management
• I Introduction
• II Non-Living Marine Resources
• A Resource Potential
• B Internal Waters and Territorial Sea
• C Continental Shelf and Exclusive Economic Zone
• D The High Seas and Deep Seabed
• E Joint Development
• III Living Resources
• A Fisheries and the 'Tragedy of the Commons'
• B Pre LOSC Developments
• C 1958 Geneva Conventions
• D LOSC Regime
• i Internal Waters, the Territorial Sea and Archipelagic Waters
• ii Exclusive Economic Zone
• iii Shared Stocks
• iv Continental Shelf
• v The High Seas
• vi Deep Seabed
• E Species-Specific Rules
• i Highly Migratory Species
• ii Marine Mammals
• ii Anadromous Species
• iv Catadromous Species
• F Post-LOSC Developments
• i High Seas Fishing
• ii Fish Stocks Agreement
• IV Further Reading
• 14 Marine Scientific Research
• I Introduction
• II Development of the Regime for Marine Scientific Research
• A Early History of Marine Scientific Research
• B Marine Scientific Research and NorthSouth Tensions in the Post-WW II Period
• C The Pre-LOSC Regime for Marine Scientific Research
• III The LOSC Regime for Marine Scientific Research
• A General Provisions
• B Internal Waters, Archipelagic Waters and the Territorial Sea
• C Continental Shelf and Exclusive Economic Zone
• i Hydrographic Surveying
• ii Scientific Research Installations and Equipment
• D High Seas
• E Deep Seabed
• IV Marine Scientific Research under Other Regimes
• V Coastal State Legislation concerning Marine Scientific Research
• VI Future Developments
• VII Further Reading
• 15 Marine Environmental Protection
• I Introduction
• II Sources and Type of Marine Pollution
• III The Legal Framework: LOSC and Regional Treaties
• A LOSC
• B Regional Treaties
• IV Operational Vessel-Source Pollution
• A Operational and Accidental Vessel Pollution Distinguished
• B LOSC and the IMO
• C International Standards
• D The MARPOL Jurisdictional Framework
• i Flag States
• ii Port States
• E The LOSC Jurisdictional Framework
• i Flag States
• ii Port States
• iii Coastal States
• iv Enforcement Jurisdiction
• V Accidental Vessel-Source Pollution
• A Safety of Shipping
• i SOLAS
• ii Qualifications and Working Conditions for Seafarers
• iii Preventing Collisions at Sea
• VI Pollution Emergencies
• A Responding to Pollution Emergencies
• B Coastal State Rights of Intervention
• C The Role of Salvors
• VII Liability for Vessel-Source Pollution
• A State Responsibility
• B Civil Liability
• i Liability for Oil Pollution Damage
• ii 1992 Civil Liability Convention
• iii The 1992 Fund Convention
• iv Liability for Other Pollution Damage
• VIII Seabed Pollution
• A Territorial Sea, EEZ and Continental Shelf
• IX Dumping at Sea
• A 1972 London Convention
• B 1996 Protocol
• C Jurisdiction and Enforcement
• D Ship Scrapping and Recycling
• E Regional Agreements
• X Land-Based and Atmospheric Pollution
• A 1995 Global Programme of Action
• XI Further Reading
• 16 Delimitation of Maritime Boundaries
• I Introduction
• A Grisbadarna Arbitration
• B Influence of Boggs
• II Work of the International Law Commission
• III Codification of the Law
• A Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone
• B Convention on the Continental Shelf
• IV Early Cases
• A North Sea Continental Shelf Cases
• B Anglo-French Arbitration
• V LOSC
• VI The ICJ and Maritime Boundary Delimitation
• VII Principles of Maritime Boundary Delimitation
• A Delimitation Methodology
• i Territorial Sea
• ii EEZ/Continental Shelf/Single Maritime Boundary
• B Territorial Sea Delimitations
• C Equitable Solution/Equitable Result
• D Equidistance and Median Lines
• E Relevant and Special Circumstances
• i Special Circumstances
• ii Relevant Circumstances
• iii Islands
• iv Fishing
• v Oil Concessions
• F Single Maritime Boundaries
• VIII Maritime Boundary Delimitation by Agreement
• A Settled Maritime Boundaries
• B Joint Development Zones
• IX Further Reading
• 17 Maritime Regulation and Enforcement
• I Introduction
• II International Law Regarding Enforcement Powers at Sea
• A Hot Pursuit
• i Case Law
• ii State Practice
• iii Multilateral Hot Pursuit
• B Use of Force
• i LOSC and Use of Force
• ii General Principles Regarding the Use of Force at Sea During Peacetime
• III Enforcement Operations within Particular Maritime Zones
• A Internal Waters
• B Territorial Sea
• i Criminal Jurisdiction
• ii Civil Jurisdiction
• iii Territorial Sea of an International Strait
• C Archipelagic Waters
• D Contiguous Zone
• E EEZ
• i Matters Subject to EEZ Sovereign Rights
• ii Matters Subject to EEZ Jurisdiction
• F Continental Shelf
• G High Seas
• IV Specialist Regimes Relating to Maritime Regulation and Enforcement
• A Piracy
• B Maritime Terrorism and Related Unlawful Acts
• C Fisheries
• D Transnational Crime
• V Further Reading
• 18 Dispute Settlement in the Law of the Sea
• I Introduction
• II Dispute Settlement in International Law: General Mechanisms
• III Dispute Settlement in the Law of the Sea: Pre-LOSC Developments
• A ILC Draft Articles on the Law of the Sea
• B UNCLOS I
• C UNCLOS III
• IV Dispute Settlement under the LOSC
• A Jurisdictional Conditions
• B Compulsory Dispute Settlement
• i Applicable Law
• ii Provisional Measures
• iii Prompt Release
• C Jurisdictional Limitations and Exceptions
• D ITLOS
• V Further Reading
• 19 Oceans Governance
• I Introduction
• II The Concept of Oceans Governance
• A Government and Governance Distinguished
• B The Ecosystem Approach and Area-Based Management
• C Area-Based Tools for Marine Management
• D Transparent and Participatory Decision-Making Processes
• E Scientific and Other Cross-Disciplinary Influences
• F Normative Influences on Oceans Governance
• III The Global Legal Framework for Oceans Governance
• IV The Policy Framework for Oceans Governance
• V Norms and Principles of Oceans Governance
• VI Institutions for Oceans Governance
• VII Regional, Sub-regional and National Oceans Governance
• A UNEP Regional Seas Programme
• B European Union
• C Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
• VIII Further Reading
• Index

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

Donald R Rothwell is Professor of International Law at the Australian National University, Canberra
Tim Stephens is Senior Lecturer in Law at the University of Sydney.