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In its third edition, the manual that revolutionized legal citation continues to present a single, consistent system of citation for all forms of legal writing. With a clear, attractive, and easy-to-use format, the ALWD Citation Manual is written, designed, and edited by professionals for use throughout their legal careers.

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• About the Authors(p. xxi)
• Preface(p. xxiii)
• Acknowledgments to the First Edition(p. xxvii)
• Acknowledgments to the Second Edition(p. xxix)
• Acknowledgments to the Third Edition(p. xxxi)
• Part 1 Introductory Material(p. 1)
• A Purpose and Use of Citations(p. 3)
• B How to Use This Book(p. 4)
• Overall Organization(p. 4)
• Organization within Each Part of This Book(p. 5)
• Finding Tools(p. 6)
• Caveats(p. 6)
• Footnotes Versus Endnotes(p. 6)
• Citing Sources Not Covered in This Book(p. 6)
• Sources for Additional Information(p. 7)
• Citing This Book(p. 7)
• Web Site for Updates and Frequently Asked Questions(p. 7)
• C Local Citation Rules(p. 7)
• D How Your Word Processor May Affect Citations(p. 8)
• Margin Justification(p. 8)
• Default Settings and Quick Correct Features(p. 8)
• Part 2 Citation Basics(p. 11)
• 1.0 Typeface for Citations(p. 13)
• 1.1 Typeface Choices(p. 13)
• 1.2 When to Use Ordinary Type in Citations(p. 13)
• 1.3 When to Use Italics in Citations(p. 13)
• 1.4 Typeface for Punctuation in Citations(p. 14)
• 1.5 Possessive Endings of Italicized Material(p. 14)
• 1.6 Italicized Material within Italicized Material(p. 14)
• 1.7 Italics to Show Emphasis(p. 15)
• 1.8 Italicizing Foreign Words(p. 15)
• 2.0 Abbreviations(p. 16)
• 2.1 Use(p. 16)
• 2.2 Spacing for Abbreviations(p. 16)
• 2.3 Authorities Referred to in Textual Sentences(p. 17)
• 3.0 Spelling and Capitalization(p. 19)
• 3.1 Words in Titles(p. 19)
• Sidebar 3.1 Common Prepositions in Titles(p. 20)
• 3.2 General Rules(p. 21)
• 3.3 Capitalizing Specific Words(p. 23)
• 3.4 Capitalization in Selected Non-English Languages(p. 27)
• 3.5 Other Capitalization and Spelling Rules(p. 28)
• 4.0 Numbers(p. 29)
• 4.1 Numbers in Citations(p. 29)
• 4.2 Numbers in Textual Material(p. 29)
• 4.3 Ordinal Numbers(p. 32)
• 5.0 Page Numbers(p. 33)
• 5.1 Initial Pages(p. 33)
• 5.2 Pinpoint Pages(p. 33)
• Sidebar 5.1 Importance of Using Pinpoint References(p. 35)
• 5.3 Citing Consecutive Pages(p. 35)
• 5.4 Citing Scattered Pages(p. 35)
• Sidebar 5.2 Using Hyphens, En Dashes, and "to" for Spans(p. 36)
• 5.5 Passim(p. 36)
• 6.0 Citing Sections and Paragraphs(p. 37)
• 6.1 General Rules(p. 37)
• 6.2 Spacing(p. 38)
• Sidebar 6.1 Inserting the Symbols for Sections and Paragraphs(p. 38)
• 6.3 Unnumbered Paragraphs(p. 38)
• 6.4 Subsections and Subparagraphs(p. 39)
• 6.5 Distinguishing Sections from Subsections(p. 39)
• 6.6 Citing Consecutive Sections or Paragraphs(p. 39)
• 6.7 Citing Scattered Sections or Paragraphs(p. 40)
• 6.8 Citing Consecutive Subdivisions within a Single Section or Paragraph(p. 41)
• 6.9 Citing Scattered Subdivisions within a Single Section or Paragraph(p. 41)
• 6.10 Citing Multiple Subdivisions within Multiple Sections or Paragraphs(p. 41)
• 6.11 Referring to Sections and Paragraphs in Textual Material(p. 42)
• 7.0 Citing Footnotes and Endnotes(p. 43)
• 7.1 General Rules(p. 43)
• 7.2 Preventing Confusion(p. 43)
• 7.3 Footnotes and Endnotes in Short Citations(p. 44)
• 8.0 Supplements(p. 45)
• 8.1 Citing Material Found Only in a Supplement(p. 45)
• 8.2 Citing Material Found Only in the Main Volume(p. 45)
• 8.3 Citing Material in Both the Main Volume and a Supplement(p. 45)
• 8.4 Citing Material in Multiple Supplements(p. 46)
• 9.0 Graphical Material, Appendices, and Other Subdivisions(p. 47)
• 9.1 Citing Graphical Material(p. 47)
• 9.2 Citing Appendices(p. 47)
• 9.3 Citing Other Subdivisions(p. 48)
• 9.4 Preventing Confusion(p. 48)
• 10.0 Internal Cross-References(p. 49)
• 10.1 Definition(p. 49)
• 10.2 Material That May Be Cross-Referenced(p. 49)
• 10.3 Supra and Infra(p. 49)
• 10.4 Format for Internal Cross-References(p. 50)
• Sidebar 10.1 The Two Uses of Supra(p. 51)
• 11.0 Introduction to Full and Short Citation Formats(p. 52)
• 11.1 Full Citation Format(p. 52)
• 11.2 Short Citation Format(p. 52)
• 11.3 Id. as a Short Citation(p. 53)
• Sidebar 11.1 Id. Versus Ibid.(p. 53)
• 11.4 Supra as a Short Citation(p. 56)
• Part 3 Citing Specific Print Sources(p. 61)
• Fast Formats: Cases(p. 63)
• 12.0 Cases(p. 64)
• 12.1 Full Citation Format(p. 64)
• 12.2 Case Name(p. 64)
• Sidebar 12.1 Distinguishing Case Names from Party Names(p. 65)
• Sidebar 12.2 Public Official Named as a Party(p. 71)
• Sidebar 12.3 Explanation of Commonly Used Procedural Phrases(p. 75)
• 12.3 Reporter Volume(p. 76)
• 12.4 Reporter Abbreviation(p. 76)
• Chart 12.1 Common Reporter Abbreviations(p. 77)
• Sidebar 12.4 Early Supreme Court Reporters(p. 80)
• Sidebar 12.5 Locating Parallel Citations(p. 81)
• 12.5 Page Numbers(p. 82)
• 12.6 Court Abbreviation(p. 83)
• 12.7 Date(p. 87)
• 12.8 Subsequent History(p. 87)
• Sidebar 12.6 Information about Denials of Certiorari(p. 88)
• 12.9 Prior History(p. 90)
• 12.10 Additional Rules Concerning Subsequent and Prior History(p. 91)
• 12.11 Parenthetical Information(p. 93)
• Chart 12.2 Abbreviations for Titles of Judges and Other Judicial Officials(p. 94)
• 12.12 Cases Published Only on LexisNexis or Westlaw(p. 94)
• 12.13 Cases Not Yet Reported(p. 95)
• 12.14 Table Cases and Federal Appendix Cases(p. 96)
• 12.15 Cases on the Internet(p. 97)
• 12.16 Neutral Citations(p. 98)
• 12.17 Cases Published Only in a Looseleaf Service(p. 98)
• 12.18 Unreported Cases(p. 98)
• 12.19 Early Federal Circuit Cases(p. 99)
• 12.20 Court Documents, Transcripts, and Records(p. 99)
• Sidebar 12.7 Court Rules Prohibiting or Limiting Citation of Unreported Cases in Briefs(p. 100)
• 12.21 Short Citation Format(p. 101)
• Fast Formats: Constitutions(p. 106)
• 13.0 Constitutions(p. 107)
• 13.1 Which Source to Cite(p. 107)
• 13.2 Full Citation Format for Constitutions Currently in Force(p. 107)
• 13.3 Full Citation Format for Constitutions No Longer in Force(p. 108)
• 13.4 Short Citation Format(p. 108)
• Sidebar 13.1 Referring to Constitutions in Text(p. 109)
• Fast Formats: Statutory Codes, Session Laws, and Slip Laws(p. 110)
• 14.0 Statutory Codes, Session Laws, and Slip Laws(p. 111)
• 14.1 Which Source to Cite(p. 111)
• 14.2 Full Citation, Print Format for Federal Statutes Currently in Force(p. 111)
• Sidebar 14.1 Date of United States Code(p. 114)
• 14.3 Full Citation, Print Format for Federal Statutes No Longer in Force(p. 115)
• 14.4 Full Citation, Print Format for State Statutes(p. 115)
• 14.5 Statutes Available on Electronic Databases(p. 116)
• 14.6 Short Citation, Print Format for Federal and State Statutes(p. 117)
• 14.7 Full Citation Format for Federal Session Laws Currently in Force(p. 117)
• Sidebar 14.2 Referring to Statutes in the Text(p. 118)
• 14.8 Full Citation Format for Federal Session Laws No Longer in Force(p. 120)
• 14.9 Full Citation Format for State Session Laws(p. 120)
• 14.10 Short Citation Format for Federal and State Session Laws(p. 121)
• 14.11 Full Citation Format for Federal Slip Laws(p. 121)
• 14.12 Full Citation Format for State Slip Laws(p. 122)
• 14.13 Short Citation Format for Federal and State Slip Laws(p. 122)
• Fast Formats: Other Federal Legislative Materials(p. 123)
• 15.0 Other Federal Legislative Materials(p. 124)
• 15.1 Full Citation Format for Unenacted Bills and Resolutions(p. 124)
• Sidebar 15.1 Types of Proposed Laws(p. 125)
• 15.2 Short Citation Format for Unenacted Bills and Resolutions(p. 127)
• 15.3 Enacted Bills and Joint Resolutions(p. 127)
• 15.4 Full Citation Format for Enacted Simple and Concurrent Resolutions(p. 127)
• 15.5 Short Citation Format for Enacted Simple and Concurrent Resolutions(p. 128)
• 15.6 Proposed House and Senate Amendments(p. 128)
• 15.7 Full Citation Format for Congressional Hearings(p. 129)
• 15.8 Short Citation Format for Congressional Hearings(p. 131)
• 15.9 Full Citation Format for Numbered Congressional Reports, Documents, and Prints(p. 132)
• 15.10 Short Citation Format for Numbered Congressional Reports, Documents, and Prints(p. 135)
• 15.11 Unnumbered Reports, Documents, and Prints(p. 135)
• 15.12 Full Citation Format for Congressional Debates Occurring after 1873(p. 135)
• 15.13 Short Citation Format for Congressional Debates Occurring after 1873(p. 137)
• 15.14 Full Citation Format for Congressional Debates through 1873(p. 138)
• 15.15 Short Citation Format for Congressional Debates through 1873(p. 138)
• 15.16 Congressional Journals(p. 139)
• 15.17 United States Code Congressional and Administrative News(p. 139)
• 15.18 Declaration of Independence(p. 140)
• 15.19 Other Legislative Materials(p. 140)
• Fast Formats: Other State Legislative Materials(p. 141)
• 16.0 Other State Legislative Materials(p. 142)
• 16.1 Full Citation Format for State Unenacted Bills, Files, and Resolutions(p. 142)
• 16.2 Short Citation Format for State Unenacted Bills, Files, and Resolutions(p. 145)
• 16.3 State Enacted Bills, Files, and Resolutions(p. 145)
• 16.4 Full Citation Format for State Legislative Hearings(p. 145)
• 16.5 Short Citation Format for State Legislative Hearings(p. 147)
• 16.6 Full Citation Format for State Legislative Reports, Documents, and Prints(p. 148)
• 16.7 Short Citation Format for State Legislative Reports, Documents, and Prints(p. 150)
• 16.8 Full Citation Format for State Legislative Debates(p. 151)
• 16.9 Short Citation Format for State Legislative Debates(p. 153)
• 16.10 State Legislative Journals(p. 153)
• 16.11 Other State Legislative Materials(p. 153)
• Fast Formats: Court Rules, Ethics Rules and Opinions, and Jury Instructions(p. 155)
• 17.0 Court Rules, Ethics Rules and Opinions, and Jury Instructions(p. 156)
• 17.1 Full Citation Format for Rules Currently in Force(p. 156)
• 17.2 Full Citation Format for Rules No Longer in Force(p. 157)
• 17.3 Short Citation Format(p. 157)
• 17.4 Full Citation Format for Ethics Opinions(p. 158)
• 17.5 Short Citation Format for Ethics Opinions(p. 159)
• 17.6 Full Citation Formats for Jury Instructions(p. 160)
• 17.7 Short Citation Formats for Jury Instructions(p. 160)
• Fast Formats: Local Ordinances(p. 161)
• 18.0 Local Ordinances(p. 162)
• 18.1 Full Citation Format for Codified Ordinances(p. 162)
• Sidebar 18.1 Locating Ordinances on the Internet(p. 163)
• 18.2 Full Citation Format for Uncodified Ordinances(p. 163)
• 18.3 Short Citation Format for Codified and Uncodified Ordinances(p. 165)
• Fast Formats: Federal Administrative and Executive Materials(p. 166)
• 19.0 Federal Administrative and Executive Materials(p. 167)
• 19.1 Full Citation Format for Code of Federal Regulations(p. 167)
• Sidebar 19.1 Determining the Date of Current C.F.R. Volumes(p. 169)
• 19.2 Short Citation Format for Code of Federal Regulations(p. 169)
• 19.3 Full Citation Format for Federal Register(p. 170)
• 19.4 Short Citation Format for Federal Register(p. 171)
• 19.5 Full Citation Format for Agency Decisions(p. 172)
• 19.6 Short Citation Format for Agency Decisions(p. 173)
• 19.7 Full Citation Format for Attorney General Opinions and Justice Department Office of Legal Counsel Opinions(p. 173)
• Sidebar 19.2 Purpose of Attorney General Opinions(p. 174)
• 19.8 Short Citation Format for Attorney General Opinions and Justice Department Office of Legal Counsel Opinions(p. 175)
• 19.9 Full Citation Format for Executive Orders, Proclamations, Determinations, and Reorganization Plans(p. 175)
• 19.10 Short Citation Format for Executive Orders, Proclamations, Determinations, and Reorganization Plans(p. 178)
• 19.11 Executive Agreements(p. 178)
• 19.12 Other Presidential Documents(p. 178)
• 19.13 Patents(p. 179)
• 19.14 Other Administrative and Executive Materials(p. 180)
• Sidebar 19.3 Citing Tax Materials(p. 180)
• Fast Formats: State Administrative and Executive Materials(p. 181)
• 20.0 State Administrative and Executive Materials(p. 182)
• 20.1 Full Citation for State Administrative Codes(p. 182)
• 20.2 Short Citation Format for State Administrative Codes(p. 182)
• 20.3 Full Citation Format for State Administrative Registers(p. 182)
• 20.4 Short Citation Format for State Administrative Registers(p. 183)
• 20.5 Full Citation Format for State Agency Decisions(p. 183)
• 20.6 Short Citation Format for State Agency Decisions(p. 183)
• 20.7 Full Citation Format for State Attorney General Opinions(p. 183)
• 20.8 Short Citation Format for State Attorney General Opinions(p. 184)
• 20.9 State Executive Materials(p. 184)
• 20.10 Other State Administrative and Executive Materials(p. 185)
• Fast Formats: Treaties and Conventions, International Sources, and Foreign Sources(p. 186)
• 21.0 Treaties and Conventions to Which the United States Is a Party, International Sources, and Foreign Sources(p. 187)
• 21.1 Full Citation Format for Treaties and Conventions Currently in Force(p. 187)
• 21.2 Full Citation Format for Treaties and Conventions No Longer in Force(p. 189)
• 21.3 Short Citation Format for Treaties and Conventions(p. 189)
• Chart 21.1 Selected Bound Treaty Sources(p. 190)
• Sidebar 21.1 Internet Access to International Materials(p. 191)
• 21.4 Selected International Law Sources(p. 191)
• 21.5 Selected Foreign Sources(p. 197)
• Sidebar 21.2 Other Foreign and International Materials(p. 200)
• Fast Formats: Books, Treatises, and Other Nonperiodic Materials(p. 201)
• 22.0 Books, Treatises, and Other Nonperiodic Materials(p. 202)
• 22.1 Full Citation Format(p. 202)
• 22.2 Short Citation Format for Works Other Than Those in a Collection(p. 212)
• 22.3 Short Citation Format for Works in a Collection(p. 213)
• Fast Formats: Legal and Other Periodicals(p. 216)
• 23.0 Legal and Other Periodicals(p. 217)
• 23.1 Full Citation Format(p. 217)
• Sidebar 23.1 Identifying Student Authors(p. 218)
• 23.2 Short Citation Format(p. 223)
• Sidebar 23.2 Journals That Use Large and Small Capital Letters(p. 224)
• Fast Formats: A.L.R. Annotations(p. 226)
• 24.0 A.L.R. Annotations(p. 227)
• 24.1 Full Citation Format(p. 227)
• Chart 24.1 Abbreviations for A.L.R. Series(p. 228)
• 24.2 Short Citation Format(p. 228)
• Fast Formats: Legal Dictionaries(p. 230)
• 25.0 Legal Dictionaries(p. 231)
• 25.1 Full Citation Format(p. 231)
• 25.2 Short Citation Format(p. 231)
• 25.3 Nonlegal Dictionaries(p. 231)
• Fast Formats: Legal Encyclopedias(p. 233)
• 26.0 Legal Encyclopedias(p. 234)
• 26.1 Full Citation Format(p. 234)
• Chart 26.1 Encyclopedia Abbreviations(p. 235)
• 26.2 Short Citation Format(p. 237)
• Fast Formats: Restatements, Model Codes, Uniform Laws, and Sentencing Guidelines(p. 238)
• 27.0 Restatements, Model Codes, Uniform Laws, and Sentencing Guidelines(p. 239)
• 27.1 Full Citation Format for Restatements(p. 239)
• Sidebar 27.1 Subject Matters of Restatements(p. 240)
• 27.2 Short Citation Format for Restatements(p. 241)
• 27.3 Model Codes and Acts(p. 241)
• 27.4 Uniform Laws(p. 242)
• 27.5 Sentencing Guidelines(p. 244)
• Fast Formats: Looseleaf Services and Reporters(p. 245)
• 28.0 Looseleaf Services and Reporters(p. 246)
• 28.1 Full Citation Format for Cases and Administrative Decisions in Looseleaf Services(p. 246)
• Chart 28.1 Abbreviations for Looseleaf Publishers(p. 248)
• Sidebar 28.1 Understanding Paragraphs in Looseleaf Services(p. 249)
• 28.2 Short Citation Format for Cases and Administrative Decisions in Looseleaf Services(p. 250)
• 28.3 Full Citation Format for Noncase Material in Looseleaf Services(p. 250)
• 28.4 Short Citation Format for Noncase Material in Looseleaf Services(p. 251)
• Fast Formats: Practitioner and Court Documents, Transcripts, and Appellate Records(p. 252)
• 29.0 Practitioner and Court Documents, Transcripts, and Appellate Records(p. 253)
• 29.1 Scope of Rule(p. 253)
• 29.2 Full Citation Format for Practitioner and Court Documents(p. 253)
• 29.3 Full Citation Format for Transcripts(p. 255)
• 29.4 Short Citation Format for Practitioner and Court Documents and for Transcripts(p. 256)
• 29.5 Full Citation Format for Appellate Records(p. 256)
• 29.6 Short Citation Format for Appellate Records(p. 257)
• Sidebar 29.1 Inserting Document Names and Record Cites in Memoranda and Court Documents(p. 257)
• Fast Formats: Speeches, Addresses, and Other Oral Presentations(p. 258)
• 30.0 Speeches, Addresses, and Other Oral Presentations(p. 259)
• 30.1 Full Citation Format for Unpublished Speeches, Addresses, and Other Oral Presentations(p. 259)
• 30.2 Short Citation Format for Unpublished Speeches, Addresses, and Other Oral Presentations(p. 261)
• 30.3 Published Presentations(p. 261)
• Fast Formats: Interviews(p. 263)
• 31.0 Interviews(p. 264)
• 31.1 Full Citation Format for Interviews Conducted by the Author(p. 264)
• 31.2 Full Citation Format for Interviews Conducted by Another(p. 265)
• 31.3 Short Citation Format(p. 266)
• Fast Formats: Letters and Memoranda(p. 267)
• 32.0 Letters and Memoranda(p. 268)
• 32.1 Full Citation Format for Unpublished Letters and Memoranda(p. 268)
• 32.2 Short Citation Format for Unpublished Letters and Memoranda(p. 270)
• 32.3 Published Letters and Memoranda(p. 271)
• Fast Formats: Video and Visual Recordings and Broadcasts(p. 272)
• 33.0 Video and Visual Recordings and Broadcasts(p. 273)
• 33.1 Full Citation Format(p. 273)
• 33.2 Short Citation Format(p. 276)
• Fast Formats: Sound Recordings(p. 277)
• 34.0 Sound Recordings(p. 278)
• 34.1 Full Citation Format for Entire Recordings(p. 278)
• 34.2 Full Citation Format for a Single Work in a Collection(p. 279)
• 34.3 Additional Information(p. 279)
• 34.4 Short Citation Format for Sound Recordings(p. 279)
• Fast Formats: Microformed Materials(p. 280)
• 35.0 Microformed Materials(p. 281)
• 35.1 Full Citation Format for Microform Collections Containing Material Also Available in Print Format(p. 281)
• 35.2 Full Citation Format for Microform Collections Containing Material Not Otherwise Available(p. 281)
• 35.3 Short Citation Format(p. 282)
• Fast Formats: Forthcoming Works(p. 283)
• 36.0 Forthcoming Works(p. 284)
• 36.1 Full Citation Format(p. 284)
• 36.2 Short Citation Format(p. 284)
• Fast Formats: Unpublished Works and Working Papers(p. 285)
• 37.0 Unpublished Works and Working Papers(p. 286)
• 37.1 Full Citation Format for Unpublished Works(p. 286)
• 37.2 Short Citation Format for Unpublished Works(p. 287)
• 37.3 Working Papers(p. 287)
• Part 4 Electronic Sources(p. 289)
• 38.0 General Information about Online and Electronic Citation Formats(p. 291)
• 38.1 Source Available in Print and Electronic Formats(p. 291)
• 38.2 Source Available Only in Electronic Format(p. 292)
• Sidebar 38.1 Accessing and Preserving Electronic Sources(p. 293)
• Fast Formats: Westlaw and LexisNexis(p. 294)
• 39.0 Westlaw and LexisNexis(p. 295)
• 39.1 Full Citation Format When a Unique Identifier Is Available(p. 295)
• 39.2 Full Citation Format When a Unique Identifier Is Not Available(p. 295)
• 39.3 Short Citation Format for Westlaw and LexisNexis Citations(p. 296)
• 39.4 Compilation of Materials from Electronic Databases(p. 297)
• Fast Formats: World Wide Web Sites(p. 299)
• 40.0 World Wide Web Sites(p. 300)
• 40.1 Full Citation Format(p. 300)
• 40.2 Short Citation Format(p. 305)
• Sidebar 40.1 Types of Web Sites and Indicia of Reliability(p. 305)
• 40.3 Weblogs(p. 307)
• Fast Formats: Electronic Mail(p. 308)
• 41.0 Electronic Mail(p. 309)
• 41.1 Full Citation Format for Personal E-mail(p. 309)
• 41.2 Full Citation Format for E-mail Sent to a Discussion Group or Listserv(p. 309)
• 41.3 Short Citation Format for E-mail(p. 310)
• Fast Formats: CD-ROM Material(p. 311)
• 42.0 CD-ROM Material(p. 312)
• 42.1 Full Citation Format(p. 312)
• 42.2 Short Citation Format(p. 313)
• Part 5 Incorporating Citations into Documents(p. 315)
• 43.0 Citation Placement and Use(p. 317)
• 43.1 Placement Options(p. 317)
• Sidebar 43.1 Using Your Word Processor to Format Footnotes(p. 320)
• 43.2 Frequency of Citation(p. 320)
• 43.3 Number of Sources to Cite(p. 321)
• 43.4 Guidelines for Determining Which Authorities to Cite in a Legal Memorandum or Court Document(p. 322)
• 44.0 Signals(p. 323)
• 44.1 Purpose of Signals(p. 323)
• 44.2 Use of Signals(p. 323)
• 44.3 Categories of Signals(p. 324)
• 44.4 Signals and Explanatory Parentheticals(p. 325)
• 44.5 Capitalizing Signals(p. 325)
• 44.6 Placement and Typeface of Signals(p. 325)
• 44.7 Repeating Signals(p. 326)
• 44.8 Order of Signals and Punctuation between Different Signals(p. 326)
• 45.0 Order of Cited Authorities(p. 328)
• 45.1 Applicability(p. 328)
• 45.2 Punctuation between Citations(p. 328)
• 45.3 General Ordering Rules(p. 328)
• 45.4 Specific Order of Authorities(p. 330)
• 46.0 Explanatory Parentheticals and Related Authority(p. 335)
• 46.1 Using Explanatory Parentheticals(p. 335)
• Sidebar 46.1 Using Explanatory Parentheticals Effectively(p. 335)
• 46.2 Placement of Explanatory Parentheticals(p. 336)
• 46.3 Formatting Explanatory Parentheticals(p. 337)
• 46.4 Related Authority and Commentary(p. 337)
• Part 6 Quotations(p. 339)
• 47.0 Quotations(p. 341)
• 47.1 Using Quotations(p. 341)
• 47.2 Accuracy(p. 341)
• 47.3 Relation to Text(p. 341)
• 47.4 Short Quotations(p. 341)
• 47.5 Longer Quotations(p. 344)
• 47.6 Epigraphs(p. 346)
• 47.7 Quotations within Quotations(p. 346)
• 48.0 Altering Quoted Material(p. 348)
• 48.1 Altering the Case of a Letter(p. 348)
• 48.2 Adding, Changing, or Deleting One or More Letters(p. 348)
• 48.3 Adding a Footnote within a Block Quotation(p. 348)
• 48.4 Substituting or Adding Words(p. 349)
• 48.5 Altering Typeface(p. 349)
• 48.6 Mistakes within Original Quoted Material(p. 350)
• 49.0 Omissions within Quoted Material(p. 351)
• 49.1 General Considerations When Omitting Material within a Quotation(p. 351)
• 49.2 Indicating Omissions(p. 351)
• 49.3 When to Use an Ellipsis(p. 351)
• 49.4 How to Use Ellipses(p. 353)
• Part 7 Appendices(p. 357)
• Appendix 1 Primary Sources by Jurisdiction(p. 359)
• Appendix 1A West Regional Reporter Coverage(p. 407)
• Appendix 2 Local Court Citation Rules(p. 409)
• Appendix 3 General Abbreviations(p. 453)
• Appendix 4 Court Abbreviations(p. 463)
• Sidebar A4.1 The Structure of State Court Systems(p. 464)
• Sidebar A4.2 Dissecting a Federal District Court Abbreviation(p. 469)
• Appendix 5 Abbreviations for Legal Periodicals(p. 471)
• Appendix 6 Legal Memorandum Example(p. 519)
• Appendix 7 Federal Taxation Materials(p. 523)
• Sidebar A7.1 Versions of the Internal Revenue Code(p. 524)
• Sidebar A7.2 Case Names in Older Tax Authorities(p. 527)
• Sidebar A7.3 Categories of Tax Regulations(p. 529)
• Sidebar A7.4 Document Numbers Before and After 2533(p. 533)
• Chart A7.1 Abbreviations for Less Frequently Cited Tax Materials(p. 538)
• Appendix 8 Selected Official Federal Administrative Publications(p. 539)
• Index(p. 541)