Descripciones mejoradas de Syndetics:

Environmental Land Use Planning and Management is a unique newtextbook that presents a diverse, comprehensive, and coordinatedapproach to issues of land use planning and management and theirimpacts on the environment. It builds on recent advances inenvironmental science, engineering, and geospatial informationtechnologies to provide students with the scientific foundation theyneed to understand both natural land systems and engineering approachesthat can mitigate impacts of land use practices. While offering a baseof knowledge in planning theory and natural science, its primaryemphasis is on describing and explaining emerging approaches, methods,and techniques for environmental land use planning, design, and policy.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• List of Figures(p. xv)
• List of Tables(p. xxv)
• List of Boxes(p. xxix)
• Preface(p. xxxiii)
• Acknowledgments(p. xxxvii)
• I Environmental Land Use Management(p. 1)
• 1 Managing Human-Environment Interactions(p. 3)
• What Is Environmental Management?(p. 3)
• Participants and Roles in Environmental Management(p. 4)
• Environmental Management: A Reflection of Social Culture, Values, and Ethics(p. 6)
• Visions of Paradise: Contemporary Perspectives on Managing the Environment(p. 7)
• Historical Paradigms of Environmental Management and Evolution Toward Sustainability(p. 9)
• Toward Sustainable Development(p. 12)
• From Conservation to the Ecological Way(p. 13)
• Summary(p. 14)
• 2 Environmental Planning(p. 16)
• What Is Environmental Planning?(p. 16)
• Approaches to Planning and the Planning Process(p. 17)
• Interdisciplinary Considerations in Environmental Planning(p. 20)
• Environmental Science and Engineering(p. 20)
• Environmental Economics(p. 20)
• Environmental Evaluation(p. 22)
• Environmental Politics(p. 26)
• Participation, Collaboration, and Conflict Resolution(p. 26)
• Environmental Law(p. 28)
• The Role of the Planner(p. 29)
• Planner as Technician, as Information Source(p. 30)
• Planner as Facilitator of Public Involvement, Builder of Community Support, Champion of Citizen Empowerment(p. 30)
• Planner as Regulator(p. 31)
• Planner as Negotiator among Interests, Mediator of Conflicts(p. 31)
• Planner as Political Adviser, as Politician(p. 31)
• Planner as Designer, as Visionary(p. 32)
• Planner as Advocate(p. 32)
• Environmental Planning in the Twenty-First Century: Toward Social and Scientific Learning through Collaborative and Adaptive Planning and Management(p. 33)
• Summary(p. 34)
• 3 Land Use Planning for Environmental Management(p. 36)
• Land Use and Development(p. 36)
• Urban and Regional Development: The Evolution of and Response to Sprawl(p. 36)
• Rural Land Use and Development(p. 41)
• Public Resource Lands(p. 42)
• Land Use and Environmental Protection(p. 42)
• Land Use and Natural Hazards(p. 43)
• Land Use Impacts on Human Environmental Health(p. 44)
• Land Use Impacts on Hydrologic Systems(p. 45)
• Land Use Impacts on Agricultural and Other Productive Land(p. 46)
• Land Use Impacts on Ecological Resources(p. 46)
• Land Use Impacts on Energy and Material Consumption(p. 47)
• Land Use Impacts on Cultural Heritage and Community Character(p. 47)
• Land Use Conflicts and Environmental Justice(p. 47)
• A Framework for Land Use Planning(p. 48)
• 1. Intelligence: Background Data and Planning Analysis(p. 49)
• 2. Long-Range General Planning(p. 49)
• 3. District Planning(p. 49)
• 4. Functional Planning(p. 50)
• 5. Implementation Plans(p. 50)
• 6. Building Community Consensus(p. 50)
• Emerging Approaches for Environmental Land Use Planning and Management(p. 51)
• Community-Based Environmental Protection(p. 51)
• Watershed Management(p. 51)
• Ecosystem Management(p. 52)
• Summary(p. 52)
• 4 Collaborative Environmental Management and Public Participation(p. 53)
• Shared and Social Capital(p. 54)
• Collaborative Environmental Planning and Decision Making(p. 55)
• What Is Collaborative Environmental Planning?(p. 55)
• Why Collaborate?(p. 55)
• How to Collaborate?(p. 57)
• From Decision Making to Action: Involving Stakeholders in Implementation(p. 60)
• Considerations in Designing a Participation/Collaboration Process(p. 61)
• What Are the Motivations and Objectives for Participation?(p. 61)
• What Level of Participation Is Appropriate?(p. 62)
• Who Should Be Involved?(p. 62)
• When Should Participation Occur?(p. 63)
• What Obstacles and Opportunities Are Present?(p. 64)
• How Should Participation Be Evaluated?(p. 64)
• What Participation and Collaboration Tools Should Be Employed?(p. 65)
• Tools for Participation and Collaboration(p. 65)
• Participatory Tools for Sustainable Design(p. 67)
• Citizen Participation in Environmental Monitoring(p. 69)
• Water Monitoring Programs(p. 69)
• Mapping Environmental Conditions(p. 70)
• Some Applications of Collaborative Environmental Management(p. 71)
• National Forest Planning and Management in Virginia(p. 72)
• Merck & Co. Project XL Agreement(p. 73)
• Summary(p. 73)
• 5 Land Conservation for Working Landscapes, Open Space, and Ecological Protection(p. 75)
• Some Dimensions of Land Conservation(p. 76)
• Government Land Conservation(p. 77)
• Federal Land Conservation(p. 77)
• State and Local Land Conservation(p. 81)
• Land Trusts(p. 83)
• The Growing Role of Land Trusts(p. 84)
• National/International Land Trusts: The Nature Conservancy(p. 84)
• Local/Regional Land Trusts(p. 85)
• Tools for Land Conservation(p. 87)
• Designing a Land Conservation Program(p. 87)
• Acquiring Land and Development Rights(p. 87)
• Collaborative Conservation and Development(p. 91)
• Tools to Conserve the Working Landscape(p. 92)
• Design and Planning Tools for Open Space, Greenways, and Green Infrastructure(p. 95)
• Private Land Stewardship(p. 102)
• Smart Conservation and Smart Growth(p. 103)
• Summary(p. 104)
• 6 Design with Nature for People: Sustainable, Livable, and Smart Land Use Development(p. 106)
• Introduction(p. 106)
• Problems of Sprawl Revisited(p. 106)
• Participants in Arresting Sprawl(p. 107)
• Emerging Demographic and Land Development Trends(p. 108)
• Basic Concepts and Early Roots of Sustainable Design(p. 110)
• The Evolving Practice of Sustainable and Livable Development Design(p. 113)
• The Ahwahnee Principles and Charter for the New Urbanism(p. 115)
• Reducing Automobile Dependence: Toward Walkable Communities and Transit-Orientation(p. 117)
• Traditional Neighborhoods, Walkability, and Community Life(p. 120)
• Community and Suburban Revitalization: Small Cities, Villages, and Neighborhoods(p. 122)
• The Working Landscape, Rural Clusters, and Conservation Subdivision Design(p. 126)
• Greyfield and Brownfield Redevelopment(p. 128)
• Green Buildings and Green Development(p. 134)
• The Regional Context(p. 136)
• Process for Sustainable Land Use Design(p. 138)
• Summary(p. 139)
• 7 Local Government Smart Growth Management(p. 141)
• Tools for Smart Growth Management and Land Use Control(p. 142)
• Comprehensive/General Planning(p. 143)
• Regulatory Tools for Growth Management(p. 146)
• Nonregulatory Tools(p. 165)
• Integrating Tools for Growth Management(p. 168)
• Summary(p. 168)
• 8 Regional, State, and Federal Management of Environmentally Sensitive Lands(p. 169)
• Regional Programs for Smart Growth Management and Environmental Land Protection(p. 170)
• San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission(p. 171)
• Twin Cities Metropolitan Council(p. 172)
• Adirondack Park Agency(p. 174)
• New Jersey Pinelands Commission(p. 176)
• Tahoe Regional Planning Agency(p. 179)
• State Growth Management Programs: Toward Smart Growth(p. 183)
• Statewide Land Use Programs (Type 1)(p. 186)
• State "Critical Areas" Protection Programs (Type 2)(p. 195)
• Federal Programs for Environmental Land Use Planning and Management(p. 196)
• Federal Programs Affecting Private Land Use(p. 196)
• Policies Guiding the Activities of Federal Agencies(p. 197)
• Public Land Management(p. 198)
• Summary(p. 199)
• 9 Natural Hazard Mitigation(p. 200)
• Natural Hazard Mitigation(p. 200)
• Hazard, Exposure, Vulnerability, and Risk(p. 200)
• Hazard Mitigation(p. 202)
• Natural Hazard Mitigation Planning(p. 204)
• Flooding and Flood Hazard Mitigation(p. 206)
• Approaches to Flood Hazard Mitigation(p. 207)
• Floodplain Management(p. 209)
• Floodplain Maps and Flood Profiles(p. 213)
• Coastal Zone Hazards(p. 215)
• Coastal Storm Hazards(p. 216)
• Mitigating Coastal Hazards through Smart Land Development Practices(p. 219)
• Mitigating Geologic Hazards(p. 225)
• Slope Stability(p. 225)
• Support Problems(p. 229)
• Seismic and Volcanic Hazards(p. 233)
• Wildfire Hazards(p. 241)
• Other Natural Hazards(p. 242)
• Summary(p. 243)
• 10 Ecosystem and Watershed Management(p. 244)
• Principles of Ecosystem Management(p. 244)
• Ecosystem Management on Public Lands(p. 247)
• Ecosystem Management on Private Lands(p. 248)
• Ecosystem Management, TNC-Style: "Conservation by Design"(p. 249)
• Ecological Restoration(p. 252)
• Principles and Process of Watershed Protection(p. 253)
• The Watershed Protection Approach(p. 254)
• Center for Watershed Protection's Basic Concepts in Watershed Planning(p. 255)
• Watershed and Ecosystem Assessment(p. 258)
• Integrating Compatible Programs and Solutions(p. 260)
• Institutional Arrangements for Ecosystem and Watershed Management(p. 261)
• Institutional Models for Watershed Management(p. 262)
• The Watershed Group/Association(p. 263)
• The Watershed Manager(p. 264)
• Stakeholder Involvement and Advisory Committees(p. 264)
• Integrating Statewide and Local Watershed Programs(p. 264)
• Applications of Ecosystem and Watershed Management(p. 265)
• Federal Agency Ecosystem Management(p. 265)
• Watershed Success Stories(p. 267)
• Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds(p. 267)
• Summary(p. 272)
• II Environmental Land Use Principles and Planning Analysis(p. 273)
• 11 Environmental Geospatial Data and Geographic Information Systems(p. 275)
• Role of Data and Information in Environmental Planning and Management(p. 275)
• A Tiered Process(p. 276)
• Considerations and Pitfalls in Use of Data and Information(p. 276)
• Geospatial Information(p. 279)
• Maps and Some Cartographic Fundamentals(p. 280)
• Remote Sensing Information: Aerial Photos and Satellite Imagery(p. 285)
• Environmental Monitoring with Remote Sensing and Future Prospects(p. 293)
• Digital Map and Remote Sensing Data(p. 295)
• Community Environmental Planning Data on the Internet(p. 297)
• Internet Mapping and Data Monitoring(p. 297)
• Geographic Information Systems(p. 299)
• Some Fundamentals of GIS(p. 300)
• GIS Applications in Environmental Land Use Planning(p. 305)
• The Power and Pitfalls of GIS(p. 310)
• Environmental Field Data(p. 312)
• Community Indicators, Indexes, and Thresholds(p. 313)
• Summary(p. 315)
• 12 Soils, Topography, and Land Use(p. 317)
• Land Use Properties of Soils and Soil Quality(p. 317)
• Land Use Properties of Soil(p. 320)
• Soil Quality and Soil Degradation(p. 325)
• Soil Surveys and Interpretive Soils Mapping(p. 326)
• Interpretive Soils Mapping Using the Soil Survey(p. 328)
• Soil Surveys in the Digital Age(p. 333)
• Limitations of Soil Surveys and New Advances(p. 334)
• Slope Analysis(p. 335)
• Determining Slope of a Site from a Topographic Map(p. 335)
• Producing an Areawide Slope Map(p. 338)
• Slope Mapping Using GIS(p. 340)
• Soil Drainability, On-site Wastewater, and Land Application of Wastes(p. 340)
• Agricultural Lands and Land Evaluation and Site Assessment(p. 343)
• Agricultural Land Conversion(p. 343)
• Land Evaluation and Site Assessment(p. 344)
• Urban Soils(p. 351)
• Soil Erosion and Assessment(p. 352)
• Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, Erodibility Index, and Highly Erodible Lands(p. 352)
• Mitigating Soil Erosion from Agricultural Lands(p. 357)
• Urban Erosion and Sediment Control(p. 359)
• Summary(p. 362)
• 13 Land Use, Stream Flow, and Runoff Pollution(p. 363)
• The Water Balance(p. 364)
• Watersheds and Channel Processes(p. 367)
• Overland Drainage: Runoff and Watersheds(p. 367)
• Channel Processes and Geomorphology(p. 368)
• Effects of Land Use on Stream Flow and Predicting Peak Discharge(p. 371)
• The Rational Method(p. 376)
• TR 55 Peak Discharge Graphical Method(p. 378)
• Effects of Land Use on Water Quality(p. 392)
• Water Quality Fundamentals(p. 392)
• Land Use Practices and Nonpoint Sources (NPS) Pollution(p. 400)
• Effects of Land Use on Stream Integrity(p. 404)
• Stream Integrity and Impervious Surfaces(p. 405)
• Stream Assessment(p. 406)
• Summary(p. 412)
• Appendices(p. 414)
• 14 Stormwater Management and Stream Restoration(p. 434)
• Comprehensive Stormwater Management(p. 434)
• Stormwater Management Programs and Ordinances(p. 436)
• Integrated Management of Nonpoint and Point Source Water Pollution(p. 439)
• Stream Restoration(p. 441)
• Stormwater Management Measures(p. 442)
• Land Use Design and Management(p. 442)
• Lakeshore Protection(p. 444)
• Pollutant Source Reduction(p. 446)
• Stormwater Management Practices(p. 447)
• Effectiveness of Urban Stormwater Management Practices(p. 457)
• Selection and Sizing Considerations for Urban Stormwater Management Practices(p. 461)
• Stream and Riparian Corridor Preservation and Restoration(p. 466)
• Principles and Process of Stream Corridor Protection and Restoration(p. 469)
• Designing Restored Stream Channels, Meanders, and Floodplains(p. 472)
• Bioengineering Measures to Restore Stream Corridors and Control Bank Erosion(p. 474)
• Summary(p. 479)
• 15 Land Use and Groundwater(p. 480)
• Groundwater Hydrology Fundamentals(p. 480)
• Aquifers and Recharge(p. 480)
• Potentimetric (Piezometric) Surface and the Cone of Depression(p. 483)
• Groundwater Flow and Relationship with Surface Water(p. 484)
• Land Use, Groundwater Recharge, and Contamination(p. 486)
• Impervious Surface and Groundwater Recharge(p. 486)
• Groundwater Contamination(p. 487)
• Assessing Groundwater Resources(p. 488)
• Understanding the Groundwater System: Hydrogeologic Investigations(p. 488)
• DRASTIC: Mapping Groundwater Contamination Susceptibility(p. 489)
• Groundwater Source Protection(p. 500)
• Sole Source Aquifers(p. 501)
• Wellhead Protection Planning(p. 501)
• Summary(p. 507)
• 16 Landscape Ecology, Urban Forestry, and Wetlands(p. 509)
• Fundamentals of Landscape Ecology(p. 509)
• Vegetation(p. 514)
• Classifying, Inventorying, and Mapping Vegetation(p. 514)
• Rapid Ecological Assessment(p. 518)
• Vegetative Buffers(p. 521)
• Forest Health(p. 524)
• Urban Forestry(p. 524)
• Urban and Regional Forest Canopy Analysis(p. 526)
• Developing a Community Forest Management Strategy(p. 528)
• Inventorying and Evaluating the Urban Forest(p. 530)
• Managing the Urban Forest(p. 534)
• Wetlands Mitigation and Management(p. 538)
• Benefits of Wetlands(p. 540)
• Wetland Conversion and Alteration(p. 541)
• Wetland Protection, Mitigation, Restoration, and Creation(p. 542)
• Federal Wetlands Regulation(p. 545)
• State and Local Wetland Protection Programs(p. 547)
• Coastal Ecology and Management(p. 549)
• Coastal Zone Management(p. 549)
• Model Programs for Coastal Zone Management(p. 551)
• State CZM Programs: The California Coastal Commission(p. 552)
• Summary(p. 554)
• 17 Land Use, Wildlife Habitats, and Biodiversity(p. 555)
• Some Fundamentals of Wildlife Habitats and Biodiversity(p. 555)
• Habitat Cores, Corridors, Connectivity, and Fragmentation(p. 557)
• Functional Connectivity and Habitat Restoration(p. 562)
• Habitat Inventories and Evaluation(p. 563)
• Conservation Corridor Planning in Rural Areas(p. 566)
• Principles of Conservation Corridor Planning(p. 566)
• Process and Tools for Conservation Corridor Planning(p. 567)
• Urban Biodiversity and Wildlife Management(p. 568)
• Urban Wildlife Planning(p. 569)
• Urban Biodiversity(p. 571)
• Endangered Species and Habitat Conservation Planning(p. 575)
• Conservation Tools of ESA and Habitat Conservation Planning(p. 575)
• Natural Community Conservation Planning in California: Regional Conservation for Multiple Species(p. 583)
• Summary(p. 589)
• 18 Integration Methods for Environmental Land Analysis(p. 591)
• The Environmental Inventory(p. 592)
• Rapid Assessment(p. 598)
• Land Capability and Suitability Studies(p. 599)
• Methods of Combination(p. 600)
• Examples of Land Suitability Analysis(p. 604)
• Human Carrying Capacity Studies(p. 604)
• From Population Levels to the Attribute-Indicator-Threshold Approach(p. 607)
• Environmental Thresholds in the Lake Tahoe Basin(p. 608)
• Limits of Acceptable Change(p. 610)
• The Ecological Footprint(p. 611)
• Environmental Impact Assessment in Land Use and Development(p. 612)
• "With-Without" Analysis: Impact Variables, Indicators, and Thresholds(p. 613)
• The EIA Process(p. 614)
• Use of EIA in Land Development(p. 615)
• Common Problems in EIA Implementation(p. 616)
• Build-out Analysis(p. 616)
• Build-out Analysis in Massachusetts's Community Development and Preservation Planning(p. 618)
• Summary(p. 623)
• References(p. 625)

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

John Randolph is Professor of Environmental Planning and Director of the School of Public and International Affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Virginia