Administration of criminal justice structure, functions, and process Dean J. Champion.

Por:

Champion, Dean J

Detalles de publicación: Upper Saddle River, N.J. Prentice Hall c2003.Descripción: xv, 415 p. ill. 26 cmISBN:

0130842346

Tema(s):

Criminal justice, Administration of

Clasificación CDD:

364 21

Clasificación LoC:

HV7419 .C478 2003

Existencias
Imagen de cubierta	Tipo de ítem	Biblioteca actual	Biblioteca de origen	Colección	Ubicación en estantería	Signatura topográfica	Materiales especificados	Info Vol	URL	Copia número	Estado	Notas	Fecha de vencimiento	Código de barras	Reserva de ítems	Prioridad de la cola de reserva de ejemplar	Reservas para cursos
	Libro	Biblioteca de Mayagüez Colección General mb				HV7419 .C478 2003 (Navegar estantería(Abre debajo))					Disponible			50000002116506

Total de reservas: 0

Descripciones mejoradas de Syndetics:

This comprehensive and up-to-date book examines all aspects of the criminal justice system from an organizational perspective. Key theoretical approaches and concepts are explained together with key terms and organizational principle models and typologies. The book also explains organizational effectiveness and covers police, court, and corrections organizations in depth to fully illustrate the operations of these justice systems. This volume explains all aspects of organizational theories, models and typologies, organizational variables and measuring effectiveness, supervision and communication systems, motivation, satisfaction, and morale of employees, organization of criminal justice systems, law enforcement, police and sheriff's departments, court organization and administration, jail and prison organizations, community corrections organizations, and juvenile justice organizations and their administration. For criminal justice, sociology and public administration professionals interested in criminal justice systems.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 371-394) and index.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

Preface
Introduction
How to Successfully Solve Case Studies in Human Anatomy and Physiology
Cells/Tissues
Cystic Fibrosis and Gene Therapy-Cell Types and Membrane Transport
Sickle Cell Anemia-Cell Types, Protein Structure and Protein Functions
The Pap Test-Cell Types, Cancer and Protein Function
Integumentary
Skin Layers and Their Functions
Skin Layers, Transport, Subcutaneous Functions
Skin Injury and Repair, Inflammatory Response, Cellular Processes
Skeletal
Osteoporosis, Bone Growth, Maintenance, Remodeling, and Hormones
Forensic Archaeology, Anatomy of the Major Bones, Sex and Age Differences
Ectopic Ossification, Bone Cells Involved, Hormonal Control, Calcium Metabolism
Muscle
Muscle Metabolism and Muscle Fiber Types
Muscle Dysgenesis-Neuromuscular Junction, Excitation-Contraction Coupling
Generating Force-Contractile Properties of Muscle Fibers and Muscle Fiber Types
Nervous
Parkinson's Disease, Central Motor Control Pathways, and Neurotransmitters
Location of Cerebral Motor and Sensory Function and Cerebral Blood Flow
Anatomy and Physiology of Spinal Nerves, Spinal Reflexes
Endocrine
Adrenal Carcinoma-Adrenal Function and Hormonal Action
Hormone Action/Interactions, Control of Metabolism
GAS-Autonomic Nervous System and Endocrine System Response to Stress
Cardiovascular
Myocardial Infarction-Conduction System and Cardiac Vasculature
Heart Failure-Cardiovascular Dynamics
Artificial Blood-Whole Blood Substitutes and the Properties of Blood
Immunology
Allergy, Inflammation and Humoral Responses, Cardiovascular-Respiratory System
Lyme Disease-Cytokines and Cell-Mediated Response
Stress on the Immune System, Nonspecific and Specific Responses
Respiratory
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Lung Volumes and External Respiration
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Oxygen Saturation Curve, Oxygen Transport
ARDS-Lung Volumes and Respiratory Physiology
Gastrointestinal
Peptic Ulcers-Stomach Anatomy and Control of Gastric Acid Secretion
Cholecystitis, Role of Bile, Gall Bladder Function
Cholera Epidemic-Intestinal Anatomy, GI Secretion and Absorption
Metabolism
Anorexia Nervosa-Postabsorptive State
Starvation, Postabsorptive State
Obesity, Carbohydrates and Lipid Interconversions
Renal and Fluid, Electrolyte, Acid/Base Balance
Acute Renal Failure, Renal Filtration, Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid/Base Balance
Diarrhea, Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid/Base Balance
IDDM-Ketoacidosis, Fluid Balance and Kidney Function
Reproductive
Gonorrhea, Male and Female Reproductive Anatomy
Prostate Cancer, Prostate Anatomy and Function, Control of Male Reproduction
Male and Female Reproductive Anatomy and Hormonal Control

Extracto provisto por Syndetics

Administration of Criminal Justice: Structure, Function, and Process examines all, aspects of the criminal justice system from an organizational perspective. It is important to portray all criminal justice agencies and organizations within a general open-systems context, in which community, state, and national inputs can be indicated and their impact on individual agencies assessed. A fundamental assumption of this book is that criminal justice organizations can be understood best by placing them within the existing constraints of the larger environment of external organizations and public interests. Thus, individual behaviors and group conduct can be seen as greatly influenced by forces external to organizations as well as by internal organizational phenomena. An overview of the book's contents follows. Chapter 1 describes what is meant by the administration of justice or justice administration. The units of analysis (individuals, groups, and organizations) commonly used to investigate justice administration topics are presented. Chapter 2 describes organizational theory and open-system and closed-system organizational models. These include the rational bureaucratic model and the goals and systems models. Chapter 3 describes several nonrational models, including human relations and organizations as natural systems. The relationship between theories and models of organizations is explained and illustrated by contemporary examples. Several popular organizational typologies are presented to provide students with a grasp of how different kinds of criminal justice organizations can be arranged. These arrangements include different sets of defining criteria showing how typologies meaningfully relate to what occurs in different organizational contexts. Chapter 4 identifies and describes several important organizational variables used for research purposes. Organizational variables are divided according to structure, control, change, and behavior. Organizational structural variables include organizational size, complexity or differentiation, and formalization. Organizational control variables include the size of the administrative component, bureaucratization, centralization, and levels of authority and span of control. Organizational change includes labor turnover, organizational conflict, flexibility, growth, and succession. Organizational behavioral variables include organizational climate, goals, and effectiveness. Chapter 5 describes several important interpersonal variables, including work group cohesiveness and supervisor-subordinate relations. Individual variables are also presented and include descriptions of employee attitudes about their work, job characteristics, and methods of evaluating work roles and worker effectiveness. The interrelatedness of these variables is explained. Assessing organizational effectiveness involves paying attention to these different variables in a variety of institutional and organizational contexts. Students can obtain a clearer picture of how different actors in the criminal justice system are affected by different organizational dimensions and even by factors external to their own organizations. Chapter 6 examines leadership in organizations. Traditional power typologies are presented, including examples from the works of Max Weber, French and Raven, and Amitai Etzioni. Legitimate authority types, the bases of social power, and the compliance-involvement typology are discussed to highlight different motivational methods used by supervisors and administrators to induce employees to act in given ways. A careful examination of employee involvement is offered to show that different means of inducing compliance also induce different types of involvement. Depending on the nature of employee involvement, worker performance and attitudes will be affected either positively or negatively. Chapter 7 examines several different types of communication systems in organizations, including a discussion of formal and informal communication networks. Communication patterns are closely linked with hierarchies of authority, end several parallels between these concepts are drawn. Both the functions and dysfunctions of formal and informal communication networks are described and discussed. Chapter 8 examines the factors that impact the motivation, satisfaction, and morale of organizational personnel. How are work satisfaction and motivation related to organizational effectiveness and work output? Several important dimensions of worker satisfaction are explored, including various styles of leadership and supervision, work group cohesion, workload and pressure, the prestige and status of the job, type of reward structure, and participation in decision making. The complexity of explaining worker motivation is described. Chapter 9 is a description of police and sheriffs' departments. The chapter begins with an overview of the history of law enforcement. The goals and functions of police and sheriffs' departments are presented, together with their liaison with federal agencies. The divisions of labor of these different types of organizations are described, and a full description of the recruitment and selection processes is given for each. The chapter examines several important law enforcement issues, including controlling law enforcement officer performance through better training and selection methods. Professionalization and police-community relations are examined as issues confronting different police agencies. Different forms of officer misconduct are described, as well as the methods used by police departments and public entities to deter or minimize misconduct. Included is a discussion of civilian complaint review boards and their various functions. Chapter 10 describes the organization and operation of federal, state, and local court systems. The important role of judges is addressed, including how judicial nominees are selected. The roles and responsibilities of prosecutors at all jurisdictional levels are described, along with the methods for selecting prosecutors as well as a consideration of their ethical responsibilities and codes of professional conduct. Prosecutors' case processing and prioritizing functions are examined, and the work of other court employees also is considered. The relationship between prosecutors and the court is described, including the diverse functions associated with these important criminal justice roles. Prosecutorial and judicial misconduct are also examined, including various methods used to detect and sanction such misconduct. Chapter 11 describes and differentiates jails and prisons and provides a brief history of each. These descriptions also include an examination and profile of both jail and prison inmates. The administration of jail and prison systems is considered, and methods of selecting and recruiting jail personnel and prison correctional staff and administrators are discussed. Selected jail and prison issues are described, including overcrowding, inmate rights, privatization, and the legal liabilities of jail officers and correctional officers. Chapter 12 describes community corrections, including an examination of probation and parole services and their organization and administration. Other community services are described, including work/study release and furlough programs, home confinement programs, electronic monitoring supervisory methods, and halfway houses. The legal liabilities of different actors who work in or administer community corrections programs are examined, and the use of volunteers and paraprofessionals in community-based programs is considered. The changing nature of community corrections also is described. Chapter 13 presents an overview of juvenile justice organizations, beginning with a history of juvenile courts. Different types of juvenile offenders are delineated, including delinquents, status offenders, and children in need of supervision. Juvenile court procedures are presented, including a discussion of types of dispositions available. Various types of corrections for juvenile offenders are de-' scribed, including industrial schools. The blended sentencing statutes that are increasingly important and popular for dealing with more violent juvenile offenders are explained. Several important issues relative to juveniles are examined, including overcrowding, deinstitutionalization of status offenders, escalating violence and the accompanying sanctions imposed by juvenile courts, due process and the get-tough movement, and the legal rights of juveniles. Various community agencies that cater to different youthful offenders also are described. Chapter 14 concludes the text with an examination of how organizational effectiveness is measured. How do we know that our organizations and policies are effective? Are the goals established by different organizations realized or achieved? Various methods of evaluating organizational performance are presented. Such descriptions are provided successively for law enforcement, prosecution and the courts, and corrections. Evaluation research and public policy are interconnected, and the nature of this relationship is described. The ideal-real dilemma frustrates the efforts of more than a few actors in the criminal justice system, as policy decision making often is at odds with public interests or the vested interests of political subgroups. Organizational effectiveness is examined in retrospect. Throughout this book, boxes highlight key terms and concepts. These boxes are mostly adaptations of stories that have been featured in international and national news services bulletins, such as those of the Associated Press. They feature current events and vignettes that illustrate different criminal justice agencies in action or underscore particular issues or incidents. Another type of box presents various actors in law enforcement, the courts, and corrections who provide biographical sketches that examine why they became involved in their particular careers and provide advice to students seeking careers in particular fields of criminal justice. Another feature of the text is the inclusion of case studies that accompany each chapter. These case studies have been drawn from actual events that have occurred in different jurisdictions throughout the United States. Fictitious names and places are used, however, in order to protect innocent parties and to preserve the integrity of others who have acted responsibly in those jurisdictions. The purpose of these case studies is to elicit discussion and argument about why the situation occurred and what strategies might be used to resolve the problems described. The case method is particularly useful for learning how to apply various concepts covered in each chapter. Therefore, an attempt should be made to apply chapter concepts and examples as a part of one's analysis of the case facts. It should be noted that there are no perfect solutions to any particular case. Every scenario may be approached from different perspectives, and more than one solution may be feasible. Class discussion or written responses to questions following these cases should generate a variety of solutions. It is important to provide a rationale for any solution proposed. That is simply saying, "If I were so-and-so, I would do this or that," is insufficient. Students are encouraged to back up their recommendations with their own rationales for the solutions they propose. Finally, this book is the result of the collective efforts of many people, ranging from the production and editorial staff at Prentice Hall to various reviewers and contributors of box materials. I want to thank all of these people for their individual contributions to the final product. The reviewers for this text were Kevin Bryant, University of West Florida; Bryan D. Byers, Ball State University; Larry Mays, New Mexico State University; Michael Meyer, University of North Dakota-Grand Forks; and Gennaro Vito, University of Louisville'. This project has received the strong support of Kim Davies. I want to thank Kim for having faith in my work. I also want to thank Linda Pawelchak, who has headed up the production process and facilitated the completion of this project. I always marvel at her steadfastness, persistence, patience, and attention to details that authors often overlook. In the final analysis, I bear full responsibility for any errors of fact, although I have done my best to ensure the accuracy of all information presented. Thanks everyone, again, for your efforts on my behalf. Dean John Champion Laredo, Texas Excerpted from Administration of Criminal Justice: Structure, Function, and Process by Dean John Champion All rights reserved by the original copyright owners. Excerpts are provided for display purposes only and may not be reproduced, reprinted or distributed without the written permission of the publisher.

Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics

Dean John Champion is Professor of Criminal Justice at Texas A & M International University, Laredo, Texas. Dr. Champion has taught at the University of Tennessee-Knoxville, California State University-Long Beach, and Minot State University in North Dakota. He earned his Ph.D. from Purdue University and B.S. and M.A. degrees from Brigham Young University. He also completed several years of law school at the Nashville School of Law.

Dr. Champion has written and/or edited 30 texts and maintains memberships in 11 professional organizations. He is a lifetime member of the American Society of Criminology, the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, and the American Sociological Association. He is former editor of the ACJS/Anderson series on Issues in Crime and Justice (1993-1996) and the Journal of Crime and Justice (1995-1998). He is a contributing author for the Encarta Encyclopedia 2000 for Microsoft. He was the Visiting Scholar for the National Center for juvenile justice in 1992 and is president of the Midwestern Criminal Justice Association.

Among his published books for Prentice Hall are Basic Statistics for Social Research (1970,1981); Research Methods for Criminal Justice and Criminology (1993, 2000); The Juvenile Justice System: Delinquency, Processing, and the Law (1992, 1998, 2001); Corrections in the United States: A Contemporary Perspective (1990, 1998, 2001); Probation, Parole, and Community Corrections (1990, 1996, 1999, 2002); and Policing in the Community (with George Rush) (1996).

Dr. Champions's primary research interests relate to attorney use in juvenile justice proceedings and plea bargaining.

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