Descripciones mejoradas de Syndetics:

Along with updates to its comprehensive coverageof first aid, this edition provides students with even more self-assessment to help them succeed in their course. End-of-chapter quiz questions encourage students to think critically.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Preface(p. xv)
• Acknowledgments(p. xix)
• 1 Introduction to First Aid Care(p. 1)
• Learning Objectives(p. 1)
• 1.1 What Is First Aid?(p. 3)
• 1.2 General Procedures(p. 4)
• Arranging for Medical Assistance (Activating the EMS System)(p. 4)
• 1.3 Aspects of First Aid(p. 4)
• First Aider Skills(p. 4)
• Legal Aspects of First Aid(p. 5)
• Controversies in First Aid Care(p. 6)
• 1.4 Infectious Disease Transmission(p. 6)
• Transmission of Infectious Disease(p. 6)
• Identifying Infectious Diseases(p. 7)
• Diseases of Concern in the Emergency Setting(p. 7)
• Protecting Yourself from Risk of Infection(p. 8)
• 1.5 Safety at the Scene(p. 9)
• Fire(p. 9)
• Unstable Structures(p. 10)
• Motor Vehicle Accidents(p. 10)
• Electrical Hazards(p. 10)
• Water(p. 10)
• Hostility and Violence(p. 10)
• Summary(p. 11)
• Key Terms(p. 11)
• Self-Test(p. 12)
• 2 Anatomy and Physiology of Body Systems(p. 15)
• Learning Objectives(p. 15)
• 2.1 Anatomical Terminology(p. 17)
• Terms of Position(p. 17)
• Terms of Direction and Location(p. 18)
• 2.2 The Body's Framework(p. 19)
• The Skeletal System(p. 19)
• The Muscular System(p. 23)
• 2.3 The Body's Organ Systems(p. 23)
• The Circulatory System(p. 23)
• The Respiratory System(p. 25)
• The Digestive System(p. 27)
• The Urinary System(p. 27)
• The Endocrine System(p. 28)
• 2.4 The Nerves and Skin(p. 30)
• The Nervous System(p. 30)
• The Skin(p. 32)
• Summary(p. 33)
• Key Terms(p. 35)
• Self-Test(p. 36)
• 3 Victim Assessment(p. 39)
• Learning Objectives(p. 39)
• 3.1 The Victim Assessment Routine(p. 41)
• Conduct a Scene Size-Up(p. 41)
• Establishing Rapport and Control(p. 41)
• 3.2 Conducting the Primary Survey(p. 43)
• Airway and Spine Stabilization(p. 43)
• Breathing(p. 43)
• Circulation(p. 43)
• Disability(p. 44)
• 3.3 Conducting the Neuro Exam(p. 45)
• 3.4 Chief Complaint and Vital Signs(p. 46)
• Determining the Chief Complaint(p. 46)
• Assessing Vital Signs(p. 46)
• Looking for Medical Information Devices(p. 48)
• 3.5 Taking a History(p. 49)
• 3.6 Conducting a Secondary Survey(p. 50)
• Face, Mouth, Ears, Nose(p. 51)
• Skull and Neck(p. 51)
• Chest(p. 51)
• Abdomen(p. 52)
• Pelvic Region(p. 53)
• Back(p. 53)
• Lower Extremities(p. 53)
• Upper Extremities(p. 54)
• Summary(p. 55)
• Key Terms(p. 55)
• Self-Test(p. 56)
• 4 Basic Life Support: Artificial Ventilation(p. 59)
• Learning Objectives(p. 59)
• 4.1 Respiratory Distress(p. 61)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 61)
• Basic Life Support(p. 61)
• 4.2 Victim Assessment(p. 62)
• Determining Unresponsiveness(p. 62)
• Activating the EMS System(p. 62)
• Positioning the Victim and Opening the Airway(p. 62)
• Determining Breathlessness(p. 63)
• 4.3 Rescue Breathing(p. 64)
• Mouth-to-Mouth Ventilation(p. 64)
• Mouth-to-Barrier Ventilation(p. 66)
• Mouth-to-Nose Ventilation(p. 66)
• Mouth-to-Stoma Ventilation(p. 67)
• Gastric Distention(p. 68)
• Ventilating Infants and Children(p. 68)
• 4.4 Obstructed Airway Emergencies(p. 69)
• First Aid Care for a Conscious Victim (Adult or Child)(p. 69)
• If the Victim Becomes Unconscious or Is Unconscious(p. 71)
• If the Victim Is Obese or Pregnant(p. 72)
• If the Victim Is an Infant(p. 73)
• Summary(p. 74)
• Key Terms(p. 74)
• Self-Test(p. 75)
• 5 Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(p. 77)
• Learning Objectives(p. 77)
• 5.1 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(p. 79)
• 5.2 Basic Life Support Sequence(p. 79)
• Determining Responsiveness(p. 81)
• Activating the EMS System(p. 81)
• Opening the Airway(p. 81)
• Determining Breathlessness(p. 81)
• Providing Rescue Breathing(p. 81)
• Determining Pulselessness(p. 81)
• 5.3 Chest Compressions(p. 82)
• Positioning Your Hands(p. 82)
• Delivering Chest Compressions(p. 83)
• Performing One-Rescuer Adult CPR(p. 86)
• Terminating CPR(p. 87)
• Performing Two-Rescuer Adult CPR(p. 87)
• Performing CPR on Infants and Children(p. 87)
• 5.4 Mistakes, Complications, and When to Withhold(p. 91)
• Mistakes in Performing CPR(p. 91)
• Complications Caused by CPR(p. 91)
• Withholding CPR(p. 92)
• 5.5 Defibrillation(p. 92)
• Summary(p. 94)
• Key Terms(p. 94)
• Self-Test(p. 95)
• 6 Bleeding and Shock(p. 97)
• Learning Objectives(p. 97)
• 6.1 Bleeding and Its Effects(p. 99)
• 6.2 Control of Bleeding(p. 100)
• Taking Infection-Control Precautions(p. 100)
• Applying Direct Pressure and Elevation(p. 100)
• Using a Pressure Bandage(p. 103)
• Using Indirect Pressure(p. 103)
• Brachial Artery(p. 103)
• Femoral Artery(p. 104)
• Using an Air Splint(p. 104)
• Using a Tourniquet(p. 106)
• Using a Blood Pressure Cuff(p. 107)
• 6.3 Internal Bleeding(p. 107)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 108)
• First Aid Care(p. 108)
• 6.4 Nosebleed(p. 109)
• 6.5 Shock(p. 110)
• The Causes of Shock(p. 110)
• The Types of Shock(p. 110)
• The Stages of Shock(p. 111)
• Signs and Symptoms of Shock(p. 112)
• Management of Shock(p. 115)
• Preventing Shock(p. 115)
• 6.6 Anaphylactic Shock(p. 117)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 118)
• Management of Anaphylactic Shock(p. 118)
• Summary(p. 118)
• Key Terms(p. 119)
• Self-Test(p. 120)
• 7 Soft-Tissue Injuries(p. 123)
• Learning Objectives(p. 123)
• 7.1 Closed Injuries(p. 125)
• Contusion(p. 125)
• Hematoma(p. 125)
• Crush Injuries(p. 125)
• First Aid Care(p. 125)
• 7.2 Open Injuries(p. 126)
• Abrasion(p. 126)
• Laceration(p. 127)
• Avulsion(p. 128)
• Penetrating and Puncture Wounds(p. 128)
• Amputations(p. 128)
• Bites(p. 129)
• First Aid Care(p. 129)
• Cleaning Wounds and Preventing Infection(p. 130)
• Removing Slivers(p. 131)
• Removing a Fishhook(p. 131)
• 7.3 Special Treatment Considerations(p. 132)
• Chest Injuries(p. 132)
• Abdominal Injuries(p. 133)
• Impaled Objects(p. 133)
• Amputations(p. 134)
• Clamping Injuries(p. 134)
• Summary(p. 134)
• Key Terms(p. 135)
• Self-Test(p. 136)
• 8 Injuries to the Face, Eye, and Throat(p. 137)
• Learning Objectives(p. 137)
• 8.1 Injuries to the Eye(p. 139)
• Assessment(p. 139)
• Basic First Aid Care for Eye Injuries(p. 139)
• Foreign Objects in the Eye(p. 140)
• Injuries to the Eye Sockets(p. 141)
• Injuries to the Eyelids(p. 141)
• Injuries to the Eyeball(p. 142)
• Chemical Burns of the Eye(p. 142)
• Light Burns of the Eye(p. 143)
• Impaled Objects in the Eye and Extruded Eyeball(p. 143)
• Removing Contact Lenses(p. 144)
• 8.2 Injuries to the Face(p. 146)
• Fractures of the Face and Jaw(p. 147)
• Objects Impaled in the Cheek(p. 149)
• Injuries of the Nose(p. 149)
• Injuries of the Ear(p. 150)
• Injuries of the Throat(p. 151)
• 8.3 Dental Emergencies(p. 153)
• Loose Tooth(p. 153)
• Broken Tooth(p. 153)
• Knocked-Out Tooth(p. 153)
• Summary(p. 154)
• Key Terms(p. 154)
• Self-Test(p. 155)
• 9 Injuries to the Chest, Abdomen, and Genitalia(p. 157)
• Learning Objectives(p. 157)
• 9.1 Chest Injuries(p. 159)
• General Signs and Symptoms of Chest Injury(p. 159)
• General First Aid Care Principles for Chest Injuries(p. 160)
• 9.2 Specific Chest Injuries(p. 161)
• Flail Chest(p. 161)
• Compression Injuries and Traumatic Asphyxia(p. 162)
• Broken Ribs(p. 162)
• Hemothorax, Tension Pneumothorax, Open Pneumothorax, and Pneumothorax(p. 163)
• 9.3 Abdominal Injuries(p. 167)
• Assessment of Abdominal Injuries(p. 168)
• Signs and Symptoms of Abdominal Injuries(p. 168)
• General First Aid Care(p. 168)
• Abdominal Evisceration(p. 169)
• Rupture or Hernia(p. 169)
• 9.4 Injuries to the Genitalia(p. 171)
• Male Genitalia(p. 171)
• Female Genitalia(p. 171)
• Summary(p. 171)
• Key Terms(p. 172)
• Self-Test(p. 173)
• 10 Bandaging(p. 175)
• Learning Objectives(p. 175)
• 10.1 Dressings(p. 177)
• Gauze Pads(p. 178)
• Special Pads(p. 178)
• Bandage Compresses(p. 178)
• 10.2 Bandages(p. 179)
• Triangular Bandages(p. 179)
• Cravat Bandages(p. 179)
• Roller Bandages(p. 180)
• 10.3 Principles of Dressing and Bandaging(p. 180)
• Applying Special Dressings and Bandages(p. 183)
• Summary(p. 187)
• Key Terms(p. 187)
• Self-Test(p. 188)
• 11 Musculoskeletal Injuries(p. 191)
• Learning Objectives(p. 191)
• 11.1 The Musculoskeletal System(p. 193)
• Muscle(p. 193)
• Tendons(p. 193)
• Ligaments(p. 193)
• 11.2 Sprains, Strains, Cramps, and Dislocations(p. 193)
• Sprains(p. 193)
• Dislocations(p. 195)
• Strains(p. 195)
• Cramps(p. 195)
• 11.3 Injuries to Bones(p. 196)
• Mechanisms of Injury(p. 197)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 198)
• First Aid Care(p. 199)
• 11.4 Splinting(p. 201)
• Rules for Splinting(p. 201)
• Types of Splints(p. 201)
• Hazards of Improper Splinting(p. 204)
• Special Considerations in Splinting(p. 204)
• Summary(p. 206)
• Key Terms(p. 207)
• Self-Test(p. 208)
• 12 Common Sport and Recreational Injuries(p. 211)
• Learning Objectives(p. 211)
• 12.1 Injuries to the Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist, and Hand(p. 213)
• Fractured Clavicle(p. 213)
• Shoulder Separation(p. 213)
• Dislocated Shoulder(p. 214)
• Dislocated Elbow(p. 215)
• Fracture of the Radial Head(p. 217)
• Colles's and Smith's Fractures(p. 217)
• Fracture and Dislocation of the Carpal Bones(p. 218)
• Metacarpal Fractures(p. 218)
• Fractured or Dislocated Fingers(p. 218)
• Sprained Thumb (Gamekeeper's Thumb)(p. 219)
• 12.2 Injuries to the Hip, Leg, Knee, Ankle, and Foot(p. 220)
• Hip-Pointer(p. 220)
• Ischial Tuberosity Fracture(p. 220)
• Hamstring Strain(p. 221)
• Sprained Knee Ligaments(p. 221)
• Dislocated Patella(p. 221)
• Achilles Tendon Rupture(p. 222)
• Ankle Sprains(p. 223)
• Dislocated Ankle(p. 223)
• Fractured Tibia or Fibula(p. 223)
• Summary(p. 224)
• Key Terms(p. 224)
• Self-Test(p. 225)
• 13 Head and Spine Injuries(p. 227)
• Learning Objectives(p. 227)
• 13.1 Types of Head Injury(p. 229)
• Injury to the Scalp(p. 229)
• Injury to the Brain(p. 229)
• Injury to the Skull (Skull Fracture)(p. 232)
• 13.2 Assessment, Signs, and Symptoms of Head Injury(p. 233)
• Victim Assessment(p. 233)
• Signs and Symptoms of Skull Fracture(p. 233)
• Closed and Open Head Injuries(p. 234)
• 13.3 First Aid Care for Head Injury(p. 235)
• 13.4 Injuries to the Spine(p. 237)
• Mechanisms of Injury(p. 237)
• Complications of Spinal Injury(p. 239)
• Victim Assessment(p. 241)
• 13.5 Signs and Symptoms of Spinal Injury(p. 241)
• 13.6 First Aid Care for Spinal Injury(p. 243)
• Helmet Removal(p. 244)
• Summary(p. 246)
• Key Terms(p. 246)
• Self-Test(p. 247)
• 14 Poisoning Emergencies(p. 249)
• Learning Objectives(p. 249)
• 14.1 Ingested Poisons(p. 251)
• Poison Control Centers(p. 251)
• The Importance of Taking a History(p. 252)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 252)
• First Aid Care(p. 252)
• Food Poisoning(p. 254)
• 14.2 Activated Charcoal(p. 254)
• Dosage(p. 255)
• Administration(p. 255)
• 14.3 Inhaled Poisons(p. 255)
• Carbon Monoxide Poisoning(p. 256)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 256)
• First Aid Care(p. 257)
• 14.4 Injected Poisons(p. 258)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 258)
• First Aid Care(p. 258)
• 14.5 Absorbed Poisons(p. 258)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 259)
• First Aid Care(p. 260)
• Summary(p. 260)
• Key Terms(p. 261)
• Self-Test(p. 262)
• 15 Drug and Alcohol Emergencies(p. 265)
• Learning Objectives(p. 265)
• 15.1 The Nature of Drug and Alcohol Emergencies(p. 267)
• Determining Whether an Emergency Is Drug or Alcohol Related(p. 268)
• Determining if a Drug- or Alcohol-Related Emergency Is Life Threatening(p. 268)
• 15.2 Alcohol Emergencies(p. 268)
• Acute Intoxication(p. 269)
• Withdrawal Syndrome(p. 269)
• Delirium Tremens(p. 270)
• 15.3 Assessment and Management(p. 272)
• Observation and Assessment(p. 272)
• Signs That Immediate Medical Attention Is Needed(p. 273)
• General Guidelines for Managing a Drug/Alcohol Crisis(p. 273)
• Managing a Violent Drug/Alcohol Victim(p. 273)
• First Aid Care(p. 274)
• First Aid Care for Overdose(p. 274)
• The Talk-Down Technique(p. 275)
• 15.4 Drugs of Concern(p. 276)
• Hallucinogens(p. 276)
• Stimulants(p. 276)
• Depressants/Narcotics(p. 276)
• Club Drugs(p. 277)
• Care for Drug Use and Overdose(p. 277)
• Summary(p. 277)
• Key Terms(p. 278)
• Self-Test(p. 279)
• 16 Cardiovascular and Stroke Emergencies(p. 281)
• Learning Objectives(p. 281)
• 16.1 Coronary Artery Disease(p. 283)
• Atherosclerosis(p. 283)
• Arteriosclerosis(p. 284)
• 16.2 Angina Pectoris, Congestive Heart Failure, and Myocardial Infarction(p. 285)
• Angina Pectoris(p. 285)
• Congestive Heart Failure(p. 285)
• Myocardial Infarction(p. 287)
• 16.3 First Aid Care(p. 289)
• First Aid Care-Pulse Is Absent(p. 289)
• First Aid Care-Responsive Victim(p. 289)
• Cautions about Nitroglycerin(p. 290)
• 16.4 Stroke(p. 290)
• Causes of Stroke(p. 291)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 292)
• First Aid Care for Stroke(p. 293)
• Summary(p. 294)
• Key Terms(p. 294)
• Self-Test(p. 295)
• 17 Respiratory Emergencies(p. 297)
• Learning Objectives(p. 297)
• 17.1 Dyspnea(p. 299)
• First Aid Care(p. 299)
• 17.2 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(p. 299)
• Emphysema(p. 299)
• Chronic Bronchitis(p. 300)
• First Aid Care for COPD(p. 301)
• 17.3 Asthma(p. 301)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 302)
• First Aid Care(p. 302)
• Status Asthmaticus(p. 302)
• 17.4 Pneumonia(p. 304)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 304)
• First Aid Care(p. 304)
• 17.5 Hyperventilation(p. 304)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 304)
• First Aid Care(p. 304)
• Summary(p. 305)
• Key Terms(p. 305)
• Self-Test(p. 306)
• 18 Diabetic Emergencies(p. 309)
• Learning Objectives(p. 309)
• 18.1 Diabetes(p. 311)
• 18.2 Understanding the Differences between Hyperglycemic and Hypoglycemic Emergencies(p. 312)
• 18.3 First Aid Care(p. 313)
• First Aid Care of Severe Hyperglycemia (DKA)(p. 315)
• First Aid Care of Hypoglycemia(p. 315)
• Summary(p. 316)
• Key Terms(p. 316)
• Self-Test(p. 317)
• 19 Acute Abdominal Distress and Related Emergencies(p. 319)
• Learning Objectives(p. 319)
• 19.1 Assessment(p. 321)
• 19.2 Signs and Symptoms(p. 322)
• 19.3 First Aid Care(p. 323)
• 19.4 Special Considerations(p. 324)
• Ruptured Esophageal Varices(p. 324)
• Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm(p. 325)
• Summary(p. 326)
• Key Terms(p. 326)
• Self-Test(p. 327)
• 20 Epilepsy, Dizziness, and Fainting(p. 329)
• Learning Objectives(p. 329)
• 20.1 Causes and Types of Seizures(p. 331)
• Causes of Seizures(p. 331)
• Types of Seizures(p. 331)
• Status Epilepticus(p. 331)
• 20.2 Assessment and First Aid Care(p. 332)
• Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures(p. 335)
• Assessment Considerations(p. 335)
• First Aid Care for Seizures(p. 335)
• First Aid Care for Status Epilepticus(p. 336)
• 20.3 Dizziness and Fainting(p. 337)
• Dizziness(p. 337)
• Fainting(p. 337)
• Summary(p. 339)
• Key Terms(p. 339)
• Self-Test(p. 340)
• 21 Childbirth and Related Emergencies(p. 341)
• Learning Objectives(p. 341)
• 21.1 Reproductive Anatomy(p. 343)
• Labor(p. 344)
• First Aid Supplies for Delivery(p. 345)
• 21.2 Predelivery Emergencies(p. 346)
• Miscarriage(p. 346)
• Seizure during Pregnancy(p. 346)
• Vaginal Bleeding in Late Pregnancy(p. 347)
• Ectopic Pregnancy(p. 347)
• Preeclampsia/Eclampsia(p. 348)
• Ruptured Uterus(p. 348)
• 21.3 Normal Delivery(p. 348)
• Imminent Delivery(p. 349)
• Transporting a Woman in Labor(p. 349)
• Assisting with Delivery(p. 349)
• Delivery Procedures(p. 349)
• Vaginal Bleeding following Delivery(p. 353)
• 21.4 Care and Resuscitation of the Newborn(p. 353)
• Care of a Newborn(p. 354)
• Resuscitating a Newborn(p. 354)
• 21.5 Abnormal Deliveries(p. 355)
• Prolapsed Cord(p. 355)
• Breech Birth(p. 355)
• Limb Presentation(p. 356)
• Multiple Births(p. 356)
• Passage of Meconium(p. 356)
• Premature Birth(p. 357)
• Summary(p. 357)
• Key Terms(p. 358)
• Self-Test(p. 359)
• 22 Pediatric and Geriatric Emergencies(p. 361)
• Learning Objectives(p. 361)
• 22.1 Assessing the Child(p. 363)
• Special Assessment Techniques(p. 363)
• Obtaining a History(p. 364)
• Taking Vital Signs(p. 364)
• 22.2 Emergencies involving Children(p. 365)
• Common Emergencies in Children(p. 365)
• Cardiac Arrest(p. 367)
• Seizures(p. 367)
• Shock(p. 368)
• 22.3 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Child Abuse(p. 368)
• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome(p. 368)
• Child Abuse and Neglect(p. 369)
• Caring for Yourself(p. 369)
• 22.4 Geriatric Emergencies(p. 372)
• How Body Systems Change with Age(p. 372)
• Differing Signs and Symptoms(p. 372)
• Special Assessment Considerations(p. 372)
• Special Examination Considerations(p. 374)
• Special Trauma Considerations(p. 374)
• Summary(p. 375)
• Key Terms(p. 375)
• Self-Test(p. 376)
• 23 Bites and Stings(p. 379)
• Learning Objectives(p. 379)
• 23.1 Snakebite(p. 381)
• Severity of Snakebite(p. 382)
• Signs and Symptoms of Snakebite(p. 382)
• 23.2 Insect Bites and Stings(p. 384)
• Black Widow Spider(p. 384)
• Brown Recluse Spider(p. 385)
• Scorpion(p. 386)
• Fire Ants(p. 386)
• Ticks(p. 387)
• Centipedes(p. 387)
• Insect Stings(p. 387)
• Anaphylactic Shock(p. 387)
• 23.3 Marine Life Bites and Stings(p. 389)
• 23.4 First Aid for Bites and Stings(p. 391)
• General First Aid Care(p. 391)
• First Aid Care for Snakebite(p. 392)
• First Aid Care for Marine Life Poisoning(p. 393)
• Removing a Tick(p. 394)
• Summary(p. 394)
• Key Terms(p. 394)
• Self-Test(p. 395)
• 24 Burn Emergencies(p. 397)
• Learning Objectives(p. 397)
• 24.1 Assessment of Burns(p. 399)
• Degree of the Burn(p. 399)
• Percentage of Body Burned(p. 401)
• Severity of the Burn(p. 402)
• Location of the Burn(p. 404)
• Accompanying Complications and Age of the Victim(p. 404)
• 24.2 Burn Management(p. 405)
• General Care of Thermal and Radiant Burns(p. 405)
• First Aid Care(p. 405)
• 24.3 Inhalation Injuries(p. 408)
• Signs and Symptoms(p. 408)
• First Aid Care(p. 409)
• 24.4 Chemical Burns(p. 409)
• First Aid Care(p. 410)
• 24.5 Electrical Burns(p. 411)
• Protecting Yourself and the Victim(p. 411)
• Types of Electrical Burns(p. 412)
• Severity of Electrical Shock(p. 412)
• Signs and Symptoms of Electrocution(p. 412)
• First Aid Care for Electrical Shock(p. 412)
• Lightning Injuries(p. 413)
• First Aid Care of Lightning Injuries(p. 414)
• Summary(p. 415)
• Key Terms(p. 415)
• Self-Test(p. 416)
• 25 Heat and Cold Emergencies(p. 419)
• Learning Objectives(p. 419)
• 25.1 Temperature Regulation(p. 421)
• How the Body Loses Heat(p. 421)
• How the Body Conserves Heat(p. 422)
• How Clothing Affects Thermal Equilibrium(p. 422)
• 25.2 Heat-Related Injuries (Hyperthermia)(p. 422)
• Heatstroke(p. 422)
• Heat Exhaustion(p. 425)
• Heat Cramps(p. 426)
• 25.3 Cold-Related Injuries (Hypothermia)(p. 429)
• General Hypothermia(p. 429)
• Immersion Hypothermia(p. 432)
• Frostbite(p. 433)
• Summary(p. 436)
• Key Terms(p. 437)
• Self-Test(p. 438)
• 26 Water Emergencies(p. 441)
• Learning Objectives(p. 441)
• 26.1 Drowning and Near-Drowning(p. 443)
• Resuscitating Cold-Water Submersion Victims(p. 444)
• Ensuring Your Own Safety(p. 445)
• Spinal Injury(p. 446)
• 26.2 First Aid Care for Near-Drowning(p. 447)
• Ice Rescues(p. 449)
• 26.3 Diving Emergencies(p. 449)
• Diving in Shallow Water(p. 449)
• Deep-Water Diving(p. 449)
• Barotrauma(p. 450)
• Summary(p. 451)
• Key Terms(p. 451)
• Self-Test(p. 452)
• 27 Wilderness Emergencies(p. 453)
• Learning Objectives(p. 453)
• 27.1 Prevention of Wilderness Emergencies(p. 455)
• 27.2 Basic Survival(p. 455)
• Shelter(p. 456)
• Water(p. 456)
• Food(p. 456)
• 27.3 Altitude Problems in the Wilderness(p. 457)
• Acute Mountain Sickness(p. 458)
• High Altitude Pulmonary Edema(p. 458)
• High Altitude Cerebral Edema(p. 458)
• First Aid for Altitude-Related Illness(p. 458)
• 27.4 Special Wilderness Considerations(p. 459)
• Assessing the Scene(p. 459)
• Assessing the Victim(p. 459)
• Determining a Plan(p. 460)
• First Aid for Shock(p. 461)
• Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(p. 461)
• Lightning Deaths and Injuries(p. 462)
• First Aid for Soft-Tissue Injuries(p. 462)
• First Aid Care for Musculoskeletal Injuries(p. 463)
• Spinal Injuries(p. 465)
• Wilderness Evacuation(p. 466)
• Death of a Victim(p. 467)
• Summary(p. 468)
• Key Terms(p. 468)
• Self-Test(p. 469)
• 28 Psychological Emergencies and Disasters(p. 471)
• Learning Objectives(p. 471)
• 28.1 Goals and Basic Principles(p. 473)
• Goals of Psychological Care(p. 473)
• Basic Principles of Care(p. 473)
• 28.2 Psychological Crises(p. 475)
• Distinguishing between Physical and Psychological Causes(p. 475)
• Specific Crises(p. 475)
• 28.3 Suicide(p. 476)
• Risk Factors(p. 476)
• First Aid Care(p. 478)
• 28.4 Assessment(p. 479)
• Assessing the Potential for Violence(p. 479)
• 28.5 Legal Considerations(p. 480)
• 28.6 First Aid Care for Psychological Emergencies(p. 482)
• Managing a Violent Victim(p. 482)
• How to Calm Psychological Emergency Victims(p. 482)
• Restraining a Victim(p. 482)
• 28.7 Mass Casualties and Disasters(p. 484)
• Managing Mass Casualty or Disaster Situations(p. 484)
• Triage(p. 486)
• Summary(p. 487)
• Key Terms(p. 488)
• Self-Test(p. 489)
• 29 Lifting and Moving Victims(p. 491)
• Learning Objectives(p. 491)
• 29.1 General Principles of Moving(p. 493)
• When to Make an Emergency Move(p. 494)
• 29.2 One-Rescuer Techniques(p. 495)
• Walking Assist(p. 495)
• Blanket Drag(p. 495)
• Shirt Drag(p. 496)
• Sheet Drag(p. 496)
• Firefighter's Carry(p. 496)
• 29.3 Two- and Three-Rescuer Techniques(p. 498)
• Seat Carries (Two Rescuers)(p. 498)
• Extremity Lift (Two Rescuers)(p. 498)
• Chair Litter Carry (Two Rescuers)(p. 500)
• Flat Lift and Carry (Three Rescuers)(p. 500)
• 29.4 Equipment(p. 502)
• Canvas Litter/Pole Stretcher(p. 502)
• Backboards(p. 502)
• Blanket Stretcher(p. 502)
• Improvised Stretchers(p. 504)
• Stretcher Transportation(p. 504)
• Summary(p. 505)
• Key Terms(p. 506)
• Self-Test(p. 507)
• 30 Vehicle Stabilization and Victim Extrication(p. 509)
• Learning Objectives(p. 509)
• 30.1 Basic Guidelines(p. 511)
• Deciding to Stop at the Scene(p. 511)
• Keeping Yourself and Others Safe(p. 512)
• Locating the Victims(p. 512)
• Dealing with Dangers(p. 512)
• 30.2 Stabilizing the Vehicle(p. 513)
• Tools and Equipment(p. 513)
• 30.3 Gaining Access to the Victim(p. 514)
• 30.4 Stabilizing and Moving the Victim(p. 515)
• Removing a Victim on the Seat of a Vehicle(p. 515)
• Removing a Victim Lying on the Floor(p. 516)
• Summary(p. 516)
• Key Term(p. 517)
• Self-Test(p. 518)
• Appendix A Skills Assessment Sheets(p. 519)
• Appendix B Answers to Self-Tests(p. 529)
• Glossary(p. 539)
• Index(p. 545)
• Credits(p. 558)