The Culture of Cities : [by] Lewis Mumford. txt
Westport, Connecticut : Greenwood Press , 1970Descripción: xii, 586 p. ill. ; plates ; 24 cmTipo de contenido:- text
- unmediaded
- volume
- 0313227462
- 9780313227462
- 323.352
- HT151 M78 1970
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Descripciones mejoradas de Syndetics:
This offers the first broad treatment of the city in both its historic and its contemporary aspects. "For distinction, entertainment, information, scholarship, and general human interest [this] is one of the most distinguished books" (Forum). Index; photographs.
Include index.
Bibliography: p. 497-552.
CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTION 3 --
CHAPTER I. PROTECTION AND THE MEDIEVAL TOWN 13 --
1: STRIPPING Off the Medieval Myth 13 --
2: The Need of Protection 14 --
3: The “Increase of Population and Wealth” 17 --
4: Lordly Scadders and Medieval New Edens 24 --
5: Domination of the Church 27 --
6: The service of the Guild 29 --
7: Medieval Domesticity 35 --
8: Hygiene and Sanitation 42 --
9: Principles of Medieval Town Planning 51 --
10: Control of Growth and Expansion 58 --
11: The Stage and the Drama 60 --
12: What Overthrew the Medieval City? 64 --
CHAPTER II. COURT, PARADE, AND CAPITAL 73 --
1: The Afterglow of the Middle Ages 73 --
2: Territory and City 78 --
3: Instruments of Coercion 82 --
4: War as City Builder 86 --
5: The Ideology of Power 89 --
6: Movement and the Avenue 94 --
7: The Shopping Parade 98 --
8: The New Divinity 105 --
9: Position of the Palace 108 --
10: Influence of the Palace on the City 111 --
11: Bedroom and Salon 113 --
12: The Muddle of Speculative Overcrowding 120 --
13: The Baroque Plan 124 --
14: Architectural Forms 128 --
15: What Saved the Olympians 135 --
16: Fulfillment and Renewal 139 --
CHAPTER III. THE INSENSATE INDUSTRIAL TOWN 143 --
1: The Displacement of Population 143 --
2: Mechanization and Abbau 149 --
3: The Postulates of Utilitarianism 152 --
4: The Technics of Agglomeration 157 --
5: Factory and Slum 161 --
6: House of Ill Fame 168 --
7: Resistant to Barbarism 173 --
8: The Minimum of Life 176 --
9: Paleotechnic Drama 180 --
10: The Non Plan of the Non City 183 --
11: A Close up of Coketown 190 --
12: The Old Curiosity Shop 198 --
13: The Triumph of Iron 205 --
14: Far from the Madding Crowd 210 --
15: The Woodlanders 218 --
16: Reaction 221 --
CHAPTER IV. RISE AND FALL OF MEGALOPOLIS 223 --
1: The New Coalition 223 --
2: The tentacular Bureaucracy 226 --
3: Shapeless Giantism 233 --
4: Means of Congestion 235 --
5: The Cost of Costiveness 240 --
6: The Blighted Area 245 --
7: The Acceptance of Depletion 248 --
8: Defacement of Nature 252 --
9: The Paper Dream City 255 --
10: The Acquisitiveness of a sick Metropolis 259 --
11: Routine and Relaxation 265 --
12: The Poison of Vicarious Vitality 267 --
13: A Brief Outline of Hell 272 --
14: Phenomena of the End 279 --
15: Cycle of Growth and Decay 283 --
16: Possibilities of Renewal 292 --
17: Signs of Salvage 295 --
CHAPTER V. THE REGIONAL FRAMEWORK OF CIVILIZATION 300 --
1: New Patterns of Life and Thought 300 --
2: The Regional Outlook 304 --
3: The Region as a Geographic Unit 306 --
4: The City as a Geographic Fact 316 --
5: The Earth as Home 322 --
6: The Landscape: A Cultural Resource 331 --
7: The Economic Region 336 --
8: Power as Region Builder 342 --
CHAPTER VI. THE POLITICS OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT 348 --
1:Regionalism and Politics 348 --
2: The Process of Regionalization 358 --
3: The Postulates of Regionalism 366 --
4: Regional Planning: A New Task 371 --
5: Survey and Plan as Communal Education 381 --
6: Conditions of Urban Re building 387 --
7: The New Method of City Development Garden City 392 --
CHAPTER VII. SOCIAL BASIS OF THE NEW URBAN ORDER 402 --
1: Architecture as Symbol 402 --
2: Principles of Modern Form Economy 416 --
3: The Role Hygiene 421 --
4: The prolongation of Youth 428 --
5: Bi polar Domesticity 430 --
6: The Death of the Monument 433 --
7: Flexibility and Renewal 440 --
8: The Mission of the Museum 446 --
9: The Undifferentiated Background 448 --
10: Individuation and Socialization 454 --
11: From a Money Economy to Life Economy 458 --
12: Modern Housing by Communities 456 --
13: The School as Community Nucleus 271 --
14: The Social Concept of the City 479 --
15: Contrapuntal Organization 485 --
16: Principles of Urban Order 486 --
PREFATORY NOTE V --
GLOSSARY 495 --
BIBLIOGRAPHY 497 --
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 553 --
INDEX 555 --
ILLUSTRATIONS :
I.THE MEDIEVAL CITY --
1: Profile and Elevation 20 --
2: Lübeck Medieval Order 21 --
3: Collective Dramas 36 --
4: Institutions and Structures 37 --
II.THE BAROQUE CITY --
5: The Mechanical and the Sensuous 100 --
6: The Courtly Life 101 --
7: Getting and Spending 116 --
8: Paris Cartesian Order 117 --
III. TRANSITIONS --
9: Environment of the Olympians 136 --
10: Dutch Cities: Old and New 137 --
IV. THE INDUSTRIAL TOWN --
11: Coketown Mechanical Order 196 --
12: The Paleotechnic Drama 197 --
13: Romanticism and Humanitarianism 212 --
14: The Promise of Iron and Glass 213 --
V. ELEMENTS OF PLAN --
15: Types of Traditional Plan 236 --
16 and 17: Amsterdam Organic Planning 236 --
VI. THE METROPOLIS --
18: Heart of Empire 260 --
19: Megalopolitan Routine 261 --
20: Dream and Reality 276 --
21: New York Congestion Unlimited 277 --
VII. THE REGIONAL COMPLEX --
22: Outlines for Regional Planning 307 --
23: Agents of Regional Development 324 --
24: Tennessee Valley 325 --
VIII. BIOTECHNIC CIVILIZATION --
25: New Source of Form 356 --
26: Monuments versus Buildings 357 --
27: The New Vernacular 372 --
28: Urban Rehabilitation 373 --
IX. CITY AND REGION --
Functional Zoning 436 --
30: New Urban Types 437 --
31: Greenbelt Towns 452 --
32: Frankfurt Römerstadt: Biotechnic Order 453 --
Notas de autor provistas por Syndetics
Lewis Mumford has been referred to as one of the twentieth century's most influential "public intellectuals." A thinker and writer who denied the narrowness of academic speciality, Mumford embraced a cultural analysis that integrated technology, the natural environment, the urban environment, the individual, and the community. Although he lacked a formal university degree, Mumford wrote more than 30 books and 1,000 essays and reviews, which established his "organic" analysis of modern culture. His work defined the interdisciplinary studies movement, especially American studies; urban studies and city planning; architectural history; history of technology; and, most important in the present context, the interaction of science, technology, and society.Mumford was the editor of Dial, the most distinguished literary magazine of its era, and in 1920 he served as editor of Sociological Review in London and was strongly influenced by Sir Patrick Geddes, the Scottish botanist, sociologist, and town planner. In 1923, Mumford became a charter member of the Regional Planning Association of America, an experimental group that studied city problems from a regional as well as an ecological point of view. Mumford's well-known principle of "organicism" (the exploration of a cultural complex, where values, technology, individual personality, and the objective environment complement each other and together could build a world of fulfillment and beauty) was discussed in all of his work, spanning a career of nearly 70 years.
Mumford's first book, The Story of Utopias (1922), introduces reliance on history to understand the present as well as to plan for the future. His books on architectural history and his works in urban studies established Mumford's reputation as the leading American critic of architecture and city planning. Each book views and analyzes the city, or built environment, in the context of form, function, and purpose within the larger culture. Mumford's books are focused on technology's role in civilization, especially "the machine" and "megatechnics." As a result, they have provided formative direction and structure to science, technology, and society studies and have established Mumford's stature as one of the foremost social critics of the twentieth century.
Mumford's most profound and important analysis of technology (and the work that most directly influenced interdisciplinary technology-society studies) is the two-volume The Myth of the Machine:Volume 1, Technics and Human Development (1967), and Volume 2, The Pentagon of Power (1970). It was written following World War II (during which Mumford lost his son) after the deployment of atomic weapons by Russia and the United States, and during the arms race. This major work reflects a noticeable reinterpretation of the role of technology and a deep pessimism regarding "megatechnics," a metaphor Mumford uses for intrusive, all-encompassing systems of control and oppressive order. He views the military-industrial complex (the most horrendous "megamachine") as destroyer of the emotive and organic aspects of life. Mumford argues against the loss of personal autonomy and the organic world by electricity-based computer systems.
Mumford died on January 26, 1990.
(Bowker Author Biography)