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Parliamentary and presidential government, exemplified by the United Kingdom and most continental European countries on the one hand and the United States and Latin America on the other, are the two principal forms of democracy in the modern world. Their respective advantages and disadvantages have long been debated, at first mainly by British and American political observers, but with increasing frequency in other parts of the world too, especially in Latin America and Asia. The recent world-wide wave of democratization has intensified both the debate and its significance. This volume brings together the most important statements on the subject, by advocates and analysts from Montesquieu and Madison to Lipset and Linz. It also treats the merits of less frequently used democratic types, such as French-style semi-presidentialism, that may be regarded as intermediate forms between parliamentarism and presidentialism.

Tabla de contenidos provista por Syndetics

• Acknowledgements(p. vii)
• Introduction(p. 1)
• Part I British Parliamentarism Versus American Presidentialism(p. 29)
• 1 Parliamentary Government and Presidential Government(p. 31)
• 2 The Spirit of the Laws(p. 48)
• 3 The Federalist Nos. 47, 48(p. 52)
• 4 The Federalist No. 70(p. 54)
• 5 At the Convention: The Paucity of Models(p. 57)
• 6 The English Constitution: The Cabinet(p. 66)
• 7 Committee or Cabinet Government?(p. 72)
• 8 The President and Congress(p. 75)
• 9 A Bicentennial Analysis of the American Political Structure(p. 78)
• 10 Leave the Constitution Alone(p. 90)
• Part II Presidentialism in Latin America(p. 95)
• 11 The Angostura Address(p. 97)
• 12 Efforts Made by Various Latin American Countries to Limit the Power of the Pr esident(p. 101)
• 13 Presidentialism in Latin America(p. 111)
• 14 The Perils of Presidentialism(p. 118)
• 15 Ideas and Attempts at Reforming the Presidentialist System of Government in Latin America(p. 128)
• 16 Presidentialism and Parliamentarism in Brazil(p. 133)
• Part III Semi-Presidentialism and Other Intermediate Forms(p. 137)
• 17 The Bayeux Manifesto(p. 139)
• 18 A New Political System Model: Semi-Presidential Government(p. 142)
• 19 Cabinet Government in the United States(p. 150)
• 20 The Gaullist System in Asia: The Constitution of Sri Lanka(p. 152)
• 21 Constitutional Reform in Argentina Council for the Consolidation of Democracy(p. 158)
• 23 Report on the 1848 Draft Constitution of Switzerland Constitutional Reform Committee(p. 173)
• 24 A Collegial Executive for Uruguay(p. 175)
• Part IV Parliamentarism and Presidentialism in Africa, Asia, and Europe(p. 179)
• 25 Report on the Draft Constitution of Nigeria Constitution Drafting Committee(p. 181)
• 26 For a Directly Elected President of India(p. 187)
• 27 The Case for a Directly Elected Prime Minister in the Netherlands(p. 191)
• 28 Direct Election of the Prime Minister International Forum of the Israel-Diaspora Institute(p. 194)
• Part V Systematic Evidence: Broadly Comparative and Multivariate Analyses(p. 201)
• 29 Comparing Democratic Systems(p. 203)
• 30 The Centrality of Political Culture(p. 207)
• 31 The Virtues of Parliamentarism(p. 212)
• 32 Presidentialism: A Problematic Regime Type(p. 217)
• 33 Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability, and Violence(p. 223)
• 34 Governing by Committee: Collegial Leadership in Advanced Societies(p. 236)
• Notes on Contributors(p. 243)
• Guide to Further Reading(p. 245)
• Index(p. 251)

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