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Highway separating informal settlements of Petare from La Urbina, Caracas, Venezuela. Photo: Oscar Grauer xxii --<br/>23 de Enero Housing Project surrounded by informal settlements, Caracas, Venezuela. Photo: Oscar Grauer xxviii --<br/>Improved informal settlement of El Risco de San Nicolás, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands. Photo: Barrett Doherty 2 --<br/>Urban design proposal with peripheral informal settlements, Ciudad Fajardo, Venezuela. Project: Luis Sully, Luis Pernía, and Luis Terife. Instructor: David Gouverneur 7 --<br/>Ciudadela Colsubsidio, Bogotá, Colombia. Project: Germán Samper and Ximena Samper. Photo: Nicolás Galeano/ Ataca Films, Reproduced by permission of Catalina Samper 11 --<br/>(Top) Board from PREVI Project Competition. (Bottom) Neighborhood block and vision of how the dwellings could look. Lima, Perú. Project: Germán Samper. Photo: Archives of Germán Samper, courtesy of Germán Samper 17 --<br/>Informal settlements of La Bombilla in Petare adjacent to the formal city, Caracas, Venezuela. Photo: Caracas Cenital 29 --<br/>Community spaces in the Barrio Santo Domingo, Medellín, Colombia. Photo: Oscar Grauer 40 --<br/>View of the formal city from the Barrio San Agustín, Caracas, Venezuela. Photo: Carlos Teodoro Itriago 42 --<br/>Informal settlement close to the center of Caracas, Venezuela. Photo: Oscar Grauer 43 --<br/>Urban design plan for the improvement of Consorcio Social Las Casitas del Ina settlement, Caracas, Venezuela. Project and photo: Carmen Ofelia Machado 50 --<br/>Proposed recycling and community center in Barrio La Morán, Caracas, Venezuela. Project and photos: Enlace Arquitectura, Elisa Silva 55 --<br/>Reoccupation of the Catuche Ravine, Caracas, Venezuala. The preexisting settlement was razed by torrential flooding in December 1999 Photo: David Gouverneur 56 --<br/>Virgilio Barco park-library, Bogotá, Colombia. Project: Rogelio Salmona. Photo: David Gouverneur 64 --<br/>Metro-Vivienda/Patio Bonito Project adjacent to informal settlements, Bogotá, Colombia. Project: Konrad Bruner, Gustavo Perry, Eduardo Samper, and Ximena Samper. Photo: Rudolf Fotografia, Archives of Germán Samper 69 --<br/>(Top) El Transmilenio, BRT System. (Bottom) Alameda El Porvenir, pedestrian and bike promenade. Bogotá, Colombia. Photos: Oscar Grauer 73 --<br/>(Top) El Tintal park-library. Project: Daniel Bermúdez. (Bottom) Community park in the El Porvenir neighborhood. Bogotá, Colombia. Photos: David Gouverneur 76 --<br/>Ceremonial plaza/amphitheater in Parque Simón Bolivar, Bogotá, Colombia. Photo: David Gouverneur 78 --<br/>(Top) Metro-Vivienda. Project: Eduardo Samper. (Bottom) Colsubsidio. Project: Germán Samper and Ximena Samper. Bogotá, Colombia. Photos: David Gouverneur 80 --<br/>Parque de La Luz/Plaza Cisneros. Medellín, Colombia. Photo: David Gouverneur 85 --<br/>Open spaces and Biblioteca España (library), Barrio Santo Domingo, Medellín, Colombia. Photos: Oscar Grauer 88 --<br/>Cultural center in the settlement of Moravia. Medellin, Colombia. Project: Rogelio Salmona. Photo: Oscar Grauer 91 --<br/>(Top) Open space below station of the San Javier Metro-cable line. Project: Empresa de Desarrolho Urbano, Medellín. (Bottom) Parque Explora. Project: Alejandro Echeverri. Medellín, Colombia. Photos: Oscar Grauer 93 --<br/>Promenade and housing relocation program along Juan Bobo Ravine, Medellín, Colombia. Photo: David Gouverneur 99 --<br/>Recent formal housing projects adjacent to existing informal settle-ments, near La Aurora Metro-cable station, Medellín, Colombia. Photo: Tianyang Liu 101 --<br/>(Top) Informal dwellings being demolished and replaced by formal housing. (Bottom) Walled-off open space adjacent to a Metro-cable station in the Barrio San Agustín. Caracas, Venezuela. Photos: David Gouverneur 108 --<br/>Sketch of the Informal Armatures concept by David Gouverneur 118 --<br/>Consolidated informal settlement adjacent to agricultural terraces along the Guiniguada ravine, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands. Photo: Barrett Doherty 122 --<br/>Fishing boats and informal settlement in Choroní, Venezuela. Photo: Marisa Bernstein and Nicolas Koff 124 --<br/>Recent informal settlement in the higher elevations of the Northeastern Commune, Medellín, Colombia. Photo: David Maestres 137 --<br/>Barrios de Petare, Caracas, Venezuela. Photo: Caracas Cenital by Nicola Rocco / Colección Fundación para la Cultura Urbana 142 --<br/>Commercial activity in the vicinity of the Santo Domingo Metro-cable station, Medellín, Colombia. Photo: David Maestres 145 --<br/>Parque Berrio, Medellín, Colombia. Photo: David Maestres 148 --<br/>Open spaces along the San Javier Metro-cable line, Medellin, Colombia. Photo: David Maestres 151 --<br/>Conceptual design components of the Informal Armatures approach. Sketches by David Gouverneur 162 --<br/>Existing site conditions and corridors: Attractors and Protectors. Image: David Gouverneur, Trevor Lee, David Maestres, and Autumn Visconti 164 --<br/>Accessibility and public spaces create safe and animated districts. Barrio Santo Domingo, Medellín, Colombia. Photos: Tianyang Liu 165 --<br/>Academic proposal for the protection of wetlands and agricultural land in Funza-Mosquera, Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia. Top image: Luke Mitchell and Karli Molter. Bottom image: Luke Mitchell 168 --<br/>Patches: Receptors and Transformers combined. Image: David Gouverneur, Trevor Lee, David Maestres, and Autumn Visconti 172 --<br/>(Top) Initial phase of settlement in Hopley Farms, Harare, Zimbabwe. Photo: Leonardo Robleto. (Bottom) Consolidated informal settlement in Chacao, Caracas, Venezuela. Photo: David Gouverneur 173 --<br/>Proposal of Transformer Patches to enhance the production of Howers in towns of La Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia. Project by Tamara Henry: Advisors: David Gouverneur and Abdallah Tabet 177 --<br/>(Top) Stewards over Corridors and Patches. Image: D. Gouverneur, T. Lee, David Maestres, and Autumn Visconti. (Bottom) Park and community services in a defunct quarry, Soacha, Colombia. Image: Rachel Ahern. Instructors: D. Gouverneur and Abdallah Tabet 180 --<br/>(Top) Initial occupation of Receptors and Transformers. (Bottom) Progressive occupation of new Receptors and Transformers, and conversion of initial Transformers. Images: David Gouverneur, Trevor Lee, David Maestres and Autumn Visconti 185 --<br/>Consolidated informal settlement in Choroní, Venezuela. Photo: Marisa Bernstein and Nicolas Koff 187 --<br/>Informal occupation of steep slopes along the Caracas-Guarenas Highway, Venezuela. Photo: Caracas Cenital by Nicola Rocco/ Colección Fundación para la Cultura Urbana 192 --<br/>Consolidated neighborhood of Versalles, Comuna 3-Manrique, Medellín, Colombia. Photos: David Maestres 196 --<br/>The IA approach can help bridge the physical and cultural divide. Barrios adjacent to El Helicoide, Caracas, Venezuela. Photo: Caracas Cenital by Nicola Rocco / Colección Fundación para la Cultura Urbana 202 --<br/>Emerging informal settlement in Chitungwiza, Harare, Zimbabwe. Photo: Chenlu Fang 209 --<br/>Barrio La Floresta, Chacao, Caracas, Venezuela. Photo: David Gouverneur 220 --<br/>Community meeting with University of Pennsylvania students and David Gouverneur in the Santa Bárbara settlement, Choroni, Venezuela. Photo: Marisa Bernstein and Nicolas Koff 232 --<br/>(Top) Sketch of the Core of an Informal Armature for a Self-Constructed Community, which guided an installation as part of the Idea Days Festival, School of Design, University of Pennsylvania, September 2013. (Bottom) Photographs: Spatial definition of public spaces and lots. Facilitators: D. Gouverneur, D. Maestres, S. Rottenberg, D. O'Neill, and M. A. Villalobos Plate --<br/>(Top) Green system along wetlands and public transportation routes in Southern Harare, Zimbabwe. Project: S. Burrows, T. Burgess,and A. Carmalt. (Bottom) Corridors and Patches in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. Project: D. Saenz. Instructors: D. Gouverneur and T. Lenneiye Plate --<br/>(Top) Protectors along wetland and Receptor Patches. Project: A. Visconti. (Bottom) Well and community center. Project: L. Robleto. Both in Hopley Farms, Harare Instructors: D. Gouverneur and T. Lenneiye Plate --<br/>(Top) Green heart for water management and agricultural production. Project: Grupo Simbiosis/UNIMET. (Bottom) Open space and flood production berm. Project: Grupo Agua/UNIMET. Both in Valencia, Venezuela. Instructors: M. G. Díez and A. C. Arocha Petit. Advisor: D. Gouverneur Plate --<br/>(Top) System of open spaces and irrigation canals. (Bottom) Aquaculture and promenade. Project: Grupo Agua/UNIMET. Both in Valencia, Venezuela. Instructors: M. G. Díez and A. C. Arocha Petit. Advisor: D. Gouverneur Plate --<br/>(Top) Attractors of urban growth along new transportation lines and Protectors of wetlands and agricultural land. Project: Group Initiative. (Bottom) System of open spaces and Receptor Patches in Soacha, Columbia. Project: Aaron Kelly, Instructors: D. Gouverneur and A. Tabet Plate --<br/>(Top) Protectors of wetlands and agricultural land in Funza-Mosquera. Project: V. Rivera-Rosa. (Bottom) Protector of wetlands and agricultural land in Facatativá. Project: A. Vázquez. Bogotá, Colombia. Instructors: D. Gouverneur and A. Tabet Plate --<br/>Receptor Patches on stabilized terraces and protection of unstable land for agricultural and recreational uses. Project: K. Cooper, R. Fuchs, and K. Kunte. Barrio Santo Domingo, Medellín, Colombia. Instructors: D. Gouverneur and T. Lee Plate --<br/>(Top) Terraces for core housing shelters and self-constructed dwelling expansion. (Bottom) Land stabilization and water management. Project: K. Cooper, R. Fuchs, and K. Kunte. Barrio Santo Domingo, Medellín, Colombia. Instructors: D. Gouverneur and T. Lee System of open spaces protecting flood plain of ravines with productive Patches and recreational uses. Project: M. Bernstein and N. Koff. Choroní, Venezuela. Instructor: D. Gouverneur Plate --<br/>(Top) Production and recreational Patches. (Bottom) Adobe production Patch. Project: M. Bernstein and N. Koff. Choroní, Venezuela. Instructor: D. Governeur Plate --<br/>(Top) Production and recreational Patches. (Center) Agriculture Patches (Bottom) Proposed Botanical Garden as key Cultural Anchor. Project: M. Bernstein, N. Koff, Venezuela. Instructor: D. Gouverneur Plate --<br/>Street sign in Barrio La Cruz. Translation : '' I would like my Barrio La Cruz to be clean, happy, with solidarity, and in peace... can you help? Medellín, Colombia. Photo: David Maestres 268 --<br/><br/><br/> |